Unit 2

Plant Cells and

Tissues
Pharmaceutical Botany with Plant Taxonomy
Prepared by | JGBadilla, RPh, MS

1
 Describe the basic morphological features of plants
and relate structures to growth, development, and
functions.
Activity Identify the parts and functions of plant cells and
Objectives tissues.
Describe and differentiate the various transport
mechanisms that regulate the transfer of water and
solutes in plants.

2
 INT RO DU CTI ON
PLANT TISSUES
Fundamental blocks of
plants serving as structural
and functional units for life
processes
(growth, development, &
adaptation to
environmental conditions)
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 DERMAL TISSUES
Plant Cells Epidermis
Periderm
and Tissues GROUND TISSUES
Parenchyma
Plant Tissue Collenchyma
System Sclerenchyma
VASCULAR TISSUES
Xylem
Phloem
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5
 Dermal Tissue

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 Dermal Tissue

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 Dermal Tissue

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 Dermal Tissue

EPIDERMIS | Functions
Mechanical support
Protection
Gas exchange
Water and mineral storage
Water regulation

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 Dermal Tissue

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 Dermal Tissue

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 Dermal Tissue

PERIDERM | Functions
Cork (Phellem): Protection
Cork cambium (phellogen): Development
*Phelloderm: Storage and radial growth

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 Ground and Vascular Tissue

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 MERISTEMATIC
Plant Cells Apical
Lateral
and Tissues Intercalary

PERMANENT
Plant Tissue Simple
According to
Gro u n d Tis s u e s
Cellular Makeup
Complex
Va s cu lar Tis s u es
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15
 Meristematic Tissue

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 Meristematic Tissue
Apical Meristem
Location | tips of stems, roots, and shoot
Function | growth in a plant’s length
Intercalary Meristem
Location | base of internodes
Function | elongation of internodes
Lateral Meristem
17 Location | vascular and cork cambium
Function | growth in a plant’s diameter
 Permanent Tissues

Simple
Tissues
contain cells
of similar
structure,
function and
have
common
18 origin
 Permanent Tissues

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 Permanent Tissues

Simple Tissues | Parenchyma

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 Permanent Tissues

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 Permanent Tissues

Simple Tissues | Collenchyma

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 Permanent Tissues

Simple Tissues |
Sclerenchyma

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 Permanent Tissues

Simple Tissues | Endodermis

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 Permanent Tissues

Simple Tissues |
Endodermis

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 Permanent Tissues

Complex Tissues
specialized tissues in plants that are
formed by the association of different
types of cells and cell structures, all
working together to perform specific
functions within the plant

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 Permanent Tissues

Complex Tissues

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 Permanent Tissues

Complex Tissues

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 Permanent Tissues

Complex Tissues

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 Permanent Tissues

Complex Tissues |
Xylem
Transport of water and minerals
Phloem
Transport of sugars and other organic
compounds
*Secretory tissues and cells
30 secrete substances such as waste products,
nectar, or hormones
Unit 2
Plant Cells and
Tissues
Pharmaceutical Botany with Plant Taxonomy
Prepared by | JGBadilla, RPh, MS

31
 Describe the basic morphological features of plants
and relate structures to growth, development, and
functions.
Activity Identify the parts and functions of plant cells and
Objectives tissues.
Describe and differentiate the various transport
mechanisms that regulate the transfer of water and
solutes in plants.

32
 INT RO DU CTI ON
TRANSPORT
MECHANISMS
Processes and systems that
allow for the movement of
various substances,

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 PASSIVE TRANSPORT
Transport Simple Diffusion
Osmosis
Mechanisms Facilitated Diffusion

Plant Tissue ACTIVE TRANSPORT

System Active Transport
Filtration
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
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 Diffusion

Spontaneous movement of particles

from an area of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration.

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 Diffusion

Considerations |
Concentration Gradient
Temperature
Particle Size and Mass

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 Diffusion

Considerations |
Surface Area
Thickness (Distance) of the Medium
Permeability of the Medium

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 Diffusion

Considerations |
Agitation
Electrical Forces

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 Osmosis
Movement of water molecules across a
selectively permeable membrane from an area
of lower solute concentration to an area of
higher solute concentration.

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 Osmosis

Considerations |
Solute concentration
Membrane permeability
Temperature

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 Osmosis

Considerations |
Pressure
Surface Area
Distance

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 Osmosis

Considerations |
Concentration Gradient
Nature of Solutes

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 Facilitated Diffusion
Allows certain molecules to move across
biological membranes with the assistance of
specific transport proteins.

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 Facilitated Diffusion

Key Features |
Transport Proteins
Selectivity
Passive Process

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 Facilitated Diffusion

Key Features |
Concentration Gradient
Channel Proteins
Carrier Proteins
Saturation

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 Active Transport
Allows cells to move molecules against their
concentration gradient, from an area of lower
concentration to an area of higher concentration.

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 Facilitated Diffusion

Key Features |
Energy Requirement
Protein Transporters
Specificity

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 Filtration
It involves the passage of a fluid through a
medium to separate particles or substances based
on their size, shape, or other physical properties.

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 Endocytosis
Involves the invagination of the plasma
membrane to form vesicles that engulf and
transport materials into the cell's interior.

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 Exocytosis
Involves the fusion of secretory vesicles or
exocytic vesicles, with the plasma membrane of a
cell resulting in the discharge of the vesicle's
contents into the extracellular space.

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Unit 2
Plant Cells and
Tissues
Pharmaceutical Botany with Plant Taxonomy
Prepared by | JGBadilla, RPh, MS

51