READING IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

CHAPTER 1
History- historia (Learning through inquiry)

 Chronological order of the record of significant events.

 Aristotle- systematic account of set of a natural phenomena.
RELEVANCE OF HISTORY
1. Moral Understanding
2. Provides identity
3. Help us understand people and society
4. Good citizenship (respect and protect)
HISTORY is not the past itself, but a rather than a glimpse of the past.
HISTORY found in library at Filipiniana section and Microfilms section

National Library of the Philippines NLP – Philippine depository

Depository- physical storage
Repository- Virtual storage
CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF HISTORICAL SOURCES
1. Relics- part of the thing na nakita noon (like head or bones only)
2. Remains- kabuuan na nakita noon
3. Testimonies of the witness
Primary Sources- most direct evidences that were created by people or things in the past.
Secondary Sources- based from the evidences.
Method ( of History)- process of critically analyzing if a certain evidence/eventreally
happened in the past.
Historiography- process of reconstructing historical data that have already been tested by
the method.
External Criticsm- the test of authenticity- physical
-paper used, ink, context, language
Internal Criticsm- the test of credibility- genuineness or originality of sources.
- Looks at the truthfulness and functuality of the evidence by lowering at the;
1. Author-consisting or ghosting that era
2. Content
3. Agenda
The Code of Kalantiaw- Scandalous Document

CHAPTER 2
September 20, 1519- first na naglayag si Magellan first voyage
Antonio Pigafetta-
- known by the name of Antonio Lombardo or Francisco Antonio Pigafetta
- ·Famous Italian traveler
- ·Born in Vicenza around 1490 ·
- Died in the same city in 1534
- ·Studied astronomy, geography and cartography and during his younger years, he
worked in the ships owned by the Knights of Rhodes
- ·Chronicler of the voyage
- ·Joined the Magallanes-Elcano famous expedition to the Moluccas begun in August
1519 and finished September 1522
- ·Had a hand-written account of the expedition entitled “The First Voyage Around the
World” which will be analyzed later.
Ferdinand Magellan- nationality is Italian, portugase , killed by filipino native
The 5 Ships
1. Santiago- 1st ship that has been lost
Crew: 32
Juan Serano
smallest
2. San Antonio - 2nd ship that has been lost.
Crew: 60
Juan De Cartagena
3. Concepcion - 3rd ship that has been lost.
Crew:43
Gaspar De Quesad
4. Trinidad - 4th ship that has been lost.
Crew:55
Ferdinand Magellan
5. Victoria - The First ship to circumnavigated the world.
Crew:43
Luiz Mendoza- Juan Sebastian Elcano / SUCCESSFUL

Pacific Ocean- biggest ocean

Treaty of Tordecillas-
March 31,1521- first masss in limasawa
Limasawa ( Rajah Calambu)
Raja Siagu -first king na nakilala ni Magellan pinamumunuan ay (calagua and
Butuan)-
Raja Humabon – king of cebu and Don Carlos is he’s baptize name
Christianity- pinalaganap ni Magellan and nagging purpose kaya siya ay naglayag sa
buong mundo
Spice Island (Mollucas Island)- Indonesia, hinahanap na island nina Ferdinand
magellan na akala ay Philippines
Juan Sebastian Elcano- firt man who travels around the world (theory)
Spain Boundaries (spain: north and south America ; Portugal :asia and africa
Portugal
Mactan- naganap ang labanan ni Magellan at lapu- lapu
Lapu-Lapu- datu of mactan
Nagkaroon ng battle of Mactan because ayaw ni lapu lapu na ipalaganap ang
Christianity
KKK- Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan
Kartilya (1986)- Code of Conduct of Katipuneros- 14 rules
Emilio Jacinto- wrote the kartilya and also utak ng Katipunan
Andres Bonifacio- utak ng himagsikan or ama ng katipunan
The Illustrados- Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Maecelo H. Del Pilar
Diego Silang-King of El Rey Ilocos
Andres Bonifacio- freedom
Illistrados – equality
Diego Silang- Locality
Proclamation of the Philippine Independence Day- June 12 1898
June 12 1898- kaunaunahang araw na pinayagan na magtayo ng sariling government
ang pilipinas
Kawit Cavite- dito ginanap (Proclamation of the Philippine Independence Day)
333 years – years na sinakop ang pilipinas ng spain
Treaty of Paris (dec 10 1898/$20M)- kasunduan between us and spain para
ipagbenta ang pilipinas sa american
2000 word document- nilalaman ng proclamation of Philippine independence
Gomburza- Martyr na Pari - Mariano Gomez, Jacinto Zamora, Jose Burgos
Cavite Matunity ( jan 1872) ang martyr na pari ang pinag bintangan na nagsimula ng
cavite matunity
Marcella Agoncillo- gumawa ng flag ng pilipinas sa hongkong
Flag of Philippines
White Triangle- emblem of Katipunan Society
Three stars-Luzon, Mindanao, panay
Eight Rays- Batangas, Bulacan, Bataan, Manila, Cavite, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija,
Laguna ( province na lumaban sa Espanyol)
Blue, Red , White- Commemorate the American Flag
Political Cartoons and caricature-exagurated drawing lowkey na pambabatikos sa
government
Alfred MeCoy ( author of Philippine political cartoon )- unang gumawa ng mga
caricature
Corazon ‘’Cory’’ Cojuangco Aquino- Mother of democracy
EDSA people power revolution 1986 ( September 18 1986)