PAAVAI VIDHYASHRAM SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL

(Affiliated To CBSE)

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE SALT- 6

EXP 10.6
AIM:
To analyse the given simple salt systematically and find out the acid and basic radical present in it.
I.PRELIMINARY TEST:
S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Colour: The colour of the given salt is noted. White or colourless Absence of the Cu2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+,Co2+,Ni2+
cations.
2. Solubility: A pinch of the salt is shaken well with water. Soluble Presence of soluble salts like nitrates , chlorides
phosphates, sulphate
3. Action of heat : A pinch of the salt is strongly heated in a No characteristic change Absence of Zn2+, CO3,NO3, lead nitrate, NH4+
dry boiling tube:
4. Flame test: To a pinch of the salt taken in a watch glass, a No characteristic change Absence of Cu2+,Ba2+,Ca2+
drop of conc.HCl is added . This paste is introduced into
the non-luminous Bunsen flame using a charred match
stick.
5. Action of dil HCl : A pinch of the salt is taken in a test No characteristics change Absence of CO32-,SO32-,NO2- CH3COO-,S2-
tube and dil. HCl is added and warmed.
6. Action of conc. H2SO4: A pinch of the salt is added with a
Colourless, pungent smelling gas which
few drops of concentrated H2SO4. turns blue litmus red and gives dense white Absence of Cl-.Br-,I-,NO3-, CH3COO-.
fumes with a glass rod dipped in NH4OH.
7. Action of concentrated H2SO4 and MnO2 :A pinch of Greenish yellow gas with an irritating smell Presence of Cl-, Br-
the salt is heated with concentrated H2SO4 and MnO2 which turns starch iodide paper blue.

Action of conc. H2SO4 and copper turnings: A pinch of No Reddish brown vapours were Absence of NO3-
8. the salt is heated with conc. H2SO4 and copper turnings. evolved .
9. Action of BaCl2: To an aqueous solution of the salt, BaCl2 No white precipitate was obtained. Absence of SO42-
solution is added.
10. Action of NaOH: A pinch of the salt is heated with NaOH No colourless pungent smelling gas was Absence of NH4+
solution. evolved.
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACID RADICAL:
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR CHLORIDE(Cl-):

S. No Experiment Observation Inference

1 Silver nitrate test : To the salt solution added A curdy white ppt. completely soluble in NH4OH and Presence of Chloride is confirmed
Ag NO3 solution insoluble in dil. HNO3 was obtained.

2 Chromyl chloride test: Orange- red vapours were evolved Presence of Chloride is confirmed
1. To the salt added potassium dichromate
crystals, a few drops of conc, H2SO4 and heated.
2. Passed the vapours through NaOH solution or
distilled water.
3. Added lead acetate to the above solution.
TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL:
The salt is dissolved in water and the solution is used to identify the group in which the basic radical is present and then to perform the confirmatory tests.
GROUP ANALYSIS:

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 To the salt solution, added Nessler’s reagent and NaOH No brown precipitate
2 To the salt solution, added dil. HCl No White ppt.
3 To the salt solution, added dil. HCl and passed H2S No black ppt.
No yellow ppt.
4 To the salt solution, added solid NH4Cl or saturated solution A gelatinous white
of NH4Cl followed by NH4OH. precipitate was obtained.
Absence of ammonium(Zero group)
Absence of Pb2+(Group 1)
Absence of Cu2+ .
Absence of Cd2+(Group II)
Presence of Al3+ (Group III)

CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL:

S.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1 Sodium hydroxide test : To the salt solution, Gelatinous white precipitate soluble in Presence of Aluminium (Group III)is
added NaOH solution. excess NaOH solution was obtained. confirmed.

2 Aluminon reagent test : To another part of the A bright red lake was obtained. Presence of Aluminium (Group III) is
salt solution, added aluminon reagent. confirmed.

RESULT: The given salt contains

Basic radical - Aluminium
Acid radical- chloride.