COMMUNICATION SKILLS

AND
TECHNOLOGY

SMU12202
DR. NAZRA ALIFF BIN NAZRI
DR. NUR QURRATUL' AINI BT ISMAIL
MDM FAUZIAH BT ISMAIL
MDM NOR SYAFAWATI BT MOHD ZUKI
SIR MOHD IZWAN IZHAR HARIS

Jabatan Bahasa dan Pengajian Umum (JBPU),FPK

Email: nazraaliff@unimap.edu.my
nurqurratul@unimap.edu.my
fauziahismail@unimap.edu.my
syafawati.zuki@unimap.edu.my
mohdizwan@unimap.edu.my
 TOPIC 13

MULTIMEDIA IN NEW
MEDIA
COMMUNICATION
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 Define and describe multimedia, new media
and Web-based multimedia

After this Identify the advantages and disadvantages

lecture web-based multimedia.
students
should be
able to:

Comprehend the multimedia elements

 Today’s Media
Messages aimed at mass audiences can be can be
delivered in many different forms. Here are just a few
forms of media seen today:

✓ Print (books, newspapers, magazines, etc.)

✓ Billboards, banners, posters
✓ Direct mail
✓ Electronic (radio television computer) (radio,
television, computer) 4

✓ Social media
 What is ‘Media’
Carrying a Message

• ‘Media’ can be broadly defined as communication that is

delivered communication that is delivered through some
type of medium (TV, radio, newspaper, computer);

• This term can also refer to the physical equipment used

to store physical equipment used to store electronic files
(like CDs or DVDs, portable hard drives, etc.) 5
 What is Multimedia?

Multimedia means that there

are multiple mediums of
communications working
together to send messages
within a given presentation.
These include text, image,
audio, video, sound and
animation in addition to
traditional media.

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 What is New Media?

New media are forms of media

that are computational and rely
on computers for redistribution.
Some examples of new media
are computer animations,
computer games, human
computer interfaces, interactive
computer installations,
websites, and virtual worlds.
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What Is Web-Based
Multimedia?

Web-Based Multimedia
Multimedia (sound, video,
animation) located on Web
pages. Fast computers and
broadband Internet connections
make Web-based multimedia
much more feasible than in the
past

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 Multimedia
• The term ‘multimedia’ was first used in the 1960s.

• By the mid-90s, computers that included CD-ROM drives were being

referred to as being referred to as ‘multimedia multiedia computers.’

• Rapid development of better technology during the 90s and 2000s made
multimedia titles more and more interactive.

• Multimedia has numerous applications in the modern world, including:

presentations , computer based training courses , computer games,
Virtual Reality applications, teaching aid, simulation, virtual surgery and
information kiosk. 9
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Web-
Based Multimedia

Advantages
• Can deliver some content that could
not be delivered otherwise
• Can address a variety of learning styles
• Visual learners
• Auditory learners
• Kinesthetic learners
Disadvantages
• Time and cost of development
• The cost of hosting and delivering the
multimedia needs to be considered
• The impact on visitors that have slow
Internet connections or low bandwidth
caps

• Material more interesting and enjoyable

• Many ideas are easier to convey in

multimedia format
 Multimedia
Elements
❑ Text
❑ Graphics
❑ Animation
❑ Audio
❑ Video
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12
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Text elements also can be categories into:
• Number: 0 – 9
• Special characters: . , ; : „ “
• Symbols: @ # $ & *

The use of Text

• Heading / Title
• Bullet / list
• Paragraph
• Scrolling text
• Navigation
• Text as graphics 14
Graphics
⮚Digital representations of photographs, drawings, charts,
and other visual images
▪ Images are static and are available in many formats;
▪ TIF
▪ BMP
▪ GIF
▪ JPEG
▪ PNG
▪ Clip art consists of pre-drawn images
▪ Stock photos are also available online
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The use of Graphics

➢ To add emphasis
➢ Direct attention
➢ Illustrate concepts
➢ Provide background content
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Advantages of Graphics in Multimedia

➢ Convey information more quickly than when using text

➢ Make complex information simple
➢ Enhance online teaching and learning
➢ Enhance communication with some disabled groups,
particularly those with learning difficulties or cognitive
impairments
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Disadvantages of Graphics in Multimedia

➢ Take longer to download

➢ Require the use of plug-ins that the user may not
have or be able to install
➢ Create accessibility barriers for some users

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Graphics Categories

There are two categories of graphics :

1. Vector

2. Bitmap

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Vector Graphics

➢ Images created with software that uses geometrical formulas to

represent images.
➢ Composed of individual elements, eg, arc, line, polygon, with their own
attributes that can be individually edited.
➢ Can be created using any drawing software, eg: Illustrator.

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Vector Graphics - Advantages
• The ability to resize and rotate a graphic without distortions a
major advantage of vector graphics.
• Another advantage is their smaller file size.

Vector Graphics - Disadvantages

• One of the drawbacks of vector graphics is that the more complex
they are, the larger the file size and the longer they take to appear on
the screen.
• Another disadvantage is that they cannot display photorealistic
quality.
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Bitmap Graphics

• Bitmap graphics are also called raster graphics.

• A bitmap represents the image as an array of
dots, called pixels.
• Bitmap graphics are resolution-dependent and
generate large file sizes.

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Bitmap Graphics - Advantages
• The bitmap can be more photorealistic.
• We can set the colour of every individual pixel in the image

Bitmap Graphics - Disadvantages

• Bitmaps are memory intensive, and the higher the resolution, the
larger the file size.
• When an image is enlarged, the individual coloured squares
become visible and the illusion of a smooth image is lost to the
viewer.
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Vector vs Bitmap

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 Clip art Images and Stock Photograph

Clip Art Stock Photo

• Typically use PNG or JPEG and can be • Typically use the JPEG format and can
downloaded from of variety of website be downloaded from stock photograph
agencies
GIF

▪ Graphic Interchange Format

▪ Commonly used for Web page
images
▪ Used with logos, banners, other
nonphotographic images
▪ 256 colors max
▪ Uses lossless file compression
▪ Can be transparent
▪ Can be interlaced
 PNG

▪ Portable Network Graphics

▪ Format designed specifically for use with Web
page images in 1996
▪ Uses lossless compression
▪ Can compress more efficiently than GIF
▪ Can use specific colour palette of 256 colours or
true colour palette of 16 million colours
▪ Can also be transparent and interlaced
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 JPEG

▪ Joint Photographic Experts Group

▪ Standard format for Web page photos
▪ Uses lossy file compression
▪ Image quality is lost during compression
▪ Can use true color
▪ Can be progressive
▪ The amount of compression is specified when
the file is saved
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Animation
⮚A series of graphical images are displayed in succession to
simulate movement
⮚ Java Applet
▪ A small program inserted into a Web page that performs a specific task
⮚ Animated GIF
▪ A group of GIF images saved as an animated GIF file that is inserted in a
Web page
▪ Displayed one after another to simulate movement
⮚ For more complex animations, developers can use JavaScript or another
scripting language
▪ Flash, Silverlight
⮚ Many Wed-based animations require a plug-in
⮚ Animation and interactivity can also be achieved using programming languages
The use of Animation

➢ To attract attention
➢ To inform about the state of process
➢ Demonstrations
➢ Interactive simulations

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Audio / Sound

• Sound is the best way to attract attention.

• Often audio provides the only effective way to convey an

idea, elicit an emotion, or dramatize point.

• Sounds also can be combined in a multimedia

presentation to provide information and enhance the
other media being presented.
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⮚ All types of sound including music, spoken voice, sound effects
⮚ Can be recorded using a microphone or MIDI instrument, captured from
CDs, or downloaded from the Internet
⮚ Often played when an event occurs on a Web page or when the visitor
clicks a link
⮚ Streaming audio is used to speed up delivery
⮚ Common audio file formats include:
▪ Waveform (.wav)
▪ Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3 (.mp3)
▪ Audio Interchange Format File (.aiff)
▪ Advanced Audio Coding (.aac or .m4a)
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The use of Sound

➢ Music
-Background
-Attention grabber
-Sound effect
➢ Speech
-Narration
-Instruction

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Video

Video is the technology of electronically

capturing, recording, processing, storing,
transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence
of still images representing scenes in
motion.
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The use of Video

➢ The embedding of video in multimedia applications is a powerful way

to convey information which can incorporate a personal element
which other media lack.

➢ Promoting television shows, films, or other non-computer media that

traditionally have used trailers in their advertising.

➢ Giving users an impression of a speaker’s personality.

➢ Showing things that move. For example a clip from a motion picture.
Product demos of physical products are also well suited for video. 35
Advantages of Digital Video

• One of the advantages of digitized video is that it can be easily edited.

• The video is stored as a standard computer file.
• Software motion video does not require specialized hardware for playback.
• Digital video requires neither a video board in the computer nor an external device (which adds
extra costs and complexity) such as a videodisc player.
• Long-lasting.

Disadvantages of Digital Video

• Requires large storage capacity devices.

• Copies can be made illegally.
• Need fast computer system for playback and capture.
• Requires knowledge of digital compression technology.
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Video
⮚ Begins as a continuous stream of visual information, which is
then broken into separate images (frames) when the video is
recorded

⮚ Video data, like audio data, is usually compressed

⮚ Streaming video is recommended to speed up delivery

⮚ Common video file formats include:

.avi .mp2 .mov
.flv .mp4 .wmv 37
THANK YOU!