AS114

CHM138

EXPERIMENT 6
REDOX TITRATION-DETERMINATION OF THE MOLARITY AND
CONCENRATION OF IRON(II) SULPHATE (𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 ) SOLUTION BY
TITRATION WITH POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE

WAN SYAZAQISTINA
2023300959

WAN SAFIYA IZZATI BINTI WAN MOHD ZURAIZAM

2023167031

DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 14 JUNE 2023

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 6 JULY 2023

LECTURER’S NAME: DR. RUHAIDA BINTI RUSMIN

INTRODUCTION
Redox reaction involves transferring electrons. In this experiment we used potassium
permanganate, 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 as oxidizing agent while ferrous sulfate, 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 as reducing agent.
The oxidizing agent can be used as an indicator as they have a distinct color in the oxidized
and reduced form. 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− is in dark purple color and turns into light pink after being reduced
to 𝑀𝑛2+ . In this redox reaction 𝐹𝑒 2+ converts into 𝐹𝑒 3+ . The changes in the oxidizing state
of manganese in 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− to 𝑀𝑛2+ resulting the change of color. Titrating the oxidizing agent
against the reducing agent. The endpoint if the titration is reached when the appearance of
color changing into light pink.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the molarity and concentration of Iron (II) Sulphate using redox titration.

APPARATUS
 Volumetric flask (250 ml)
 Pipette (20 ml)
 Graduated cylinder (10 ml)
 Conical flasks (250 ml)
 Beaker (50 ml)
 Burette
 Burette clamp
 Retort stand
 Suction bulb
 Filter funnel
 Dropper

CHEMICALS
 Iron (II) sulphate, 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4
 0.025 M standard potassium permanganate solution, 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4
 2 M sulphuric acid, 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
PROCEDURE
1. The burette was washed with distilled water and then rinsed with about 5–10 ml of
𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 solution, with the second rinse running through the burette tip. The burette
was clamped to the retort stand.
2. The burette were filled with 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 solution. The initial burette reading was
recorded to two decimal places.
3. 8 g of FeSO4 were weighed accurately using weighing paper on an analytical balance.
The mass of 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 was recorded.
4. The 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 was carefully transferred to a 250ml volumetric flask with the aid of a
filter funnel. The filter funnel was rinsed with distilled water into a volumetric flask.
10 ml of sulphuric acid was added into the volumetric flask using a graduated
cylinder. Distilled water was added until the calibration mark. The volumetric flask
was shaken by turning upside-down a few times in order for the solution to be
homogenous.
5. 50 ml of 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 solution were poured into a small beaker. A 20 ml pipette was
washed with distilled water and rinsed with a 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 solution. 20 ml of 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4
solution were pipetted into a 250 ml conical flask.
6. 10 ml of 2M sulphuric acid were added into a conical flask by using a graduated
cylinder.
7. This conical flask was placed on a piece of white paper under the burette and the
burette tip was lowered into the conical flask.
8. The titration apparatus (Figure 3) was set up. This solution was titrated with the
standard 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 solution from the burette until the end point was reached. The
conical flask was kept swirling during the titration. The end point is indicated when
the solution turns to a light pink permanently. The final burette reading were
recorded. This is the result of the rough titration.
9. The titration was repeated until two consecutive titrations agreed to ±0.10 𝑚𝑙.

CALCULATIONS
1. In this experiment, 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− is reduced to 𝑀𝑛2+ and 𝐹𝑒 2+ is oxidized to 𝐹𝑒 3+ . The
reaction happened in the acidic solution. With the help of ion-electron method,
balance the redox equation.

𝐹𝑒 2+ + 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− → 𝐹𝑒 3+ + 𝑀𝑛2+
Half reaction

𝑀𝑛𝑂4− → 𝑀𝑛2+ (reduction)

𝐹𝑒 2+ → 𝐹𝑒 3+ (oxidation)
Balance
𝐹𝑒 3+ → 𝐹𝑒 2+ + 𝑒
𝑀𝑛𝑂4− + 8𝐻 + 5𝑒 → 𝑀𝑛2+ 4𝐻2 𝑂

Combine the 2 half reactions

5𝐹𝑒 2+ + 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− + 8𝐻 + → 5𝐹𝑒 3+ + 𝑀𝑛2+ + 4𝐻2 𝑂

2. Determine the molarity (M) of 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 solution.

𝑛
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑣
Mass = 8.0460 g
Volume = 0.020 L
Molar mass 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 = 56 + 32 + 16(4)
= 152
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
Convert gram to mole = 8.0460 × = 0.0529 𝑚𝑜𝑙
152

0.0529
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
0.020

=2.6467 M

3. Calculate the concentration in g/L of 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 solution.

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒

8.0460
=
0.02

= 402.3 𝑔/𝐿
DISCUSSION
In this experiment, the result that we got was the same as what the theory said. We got
29.7 ml and 29.6 ml for titration 1 and titration 2 which both give two consecutive titration
agree to ±0.10 𝑚𝑙. We continued to proceed to titration 3 and titration 4 and both of them
gave the same result. To get the accuracy, 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 need to be dropped slowly while swirling
the conical flask containing 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 . As a result, the colour of the solution will change from
dark purple to light pink at the equivalence point. Sulphuric acid added to 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 and
𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 to react in acidic medium because the oxidizing effect is maximum in acidic medium
and least in basic medium.
There are many precautions when handling redox titration experiment. For instance,
removing the air bubble in the nozzle of the burette before taking the initial reading.
Secondly, wear protective equipment such as lab coat, gloves and goggle.

CONCLUSION
From this experiment, we can determine the molarity, M of FeSO4 solution which is 2.6467
M. The average volume of KMnO4 is 29.7 𝑚𝑙. We use titration method because we can
detect the end point of reaction where the changing color occur and we used standardized
titrant with known of concentrations ensure the accuracy where the quantitative
measurements obtained during titration provide reliable evidence of the redox reaction's
occurrence and help determine the concentration of the analyte. Therefore, the
concentration of FeSO4 is 402.3 g/L.

QUESTIONS
1. Why did the solution turn to light pink at the end of the titration ?
= Potassium permanganate, 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 solution is in purple color due to the presence
of permanganate ions, 𝑀𝑛𝑂4− . As 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 is added to the 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 that contain 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
by titration it reacts with reducing agent, 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 and undergoes reduction. The are
𝑀𝑛𝑂4− being reduced to 𝑀𝑛2+ ion resulting the loss of the purple color. At the end
of the titration all the 𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 has been oxidized while 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 present as excess
product reacts with 𝐹𝑒 2+ ions forming a pale pink compound, manganese (II) sulfate,
𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 .

2. Identify which species is oxidized and reduced in this experiment.

= 𝐹𝑒 2+ is oxidized species, 𝑀𝑛2+ is reduced species.
 3. Differentiate between oxidation and reduction.

OXIDATION REDUCTION
Oxidation is the process of losing Reduction is the process of gaining
electrons or hydrogen atom or the electrons or hydrogen atom or losing
gaining of oxygen atom oxygen atom
Loss of electron Gaining electron
Loss of hydrogen Gaining hydrogen
Gaining oxygen Loss of oxygen
All above reactions releases energy All above reactions store energy

PREFERENCES
BOOK:
Spencer L, Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh (2011, 2018). Chemistry for Today. (Seventh Edition).
United States of America: Charles Hartford.
INTERNET:

 https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Northeastern_University/09%3A_Titrimetric_M
ethods/9.4%3A_Redox_Titrations
 https://sriredoxtitration.weebly.com/conclusion.html
 https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/87237/why-the-colour-of-kmno4-
at-the-end-point-of-titration-may-disappear-after-some-t
 https://www.thoughtco.com/oxidation-vs-reduction-604031