QUESTIONS FROM BOARD PAPERS

CHAPTER 4 : DETERMINANTS
PREPARED BY
M SRINIVASAN
PGT (MATHS)
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN
Revision, as the name suggests, means looking
back over previously learned information
ensuring that it is clear and fresh in the mind
5 Questions from board papers in selected
topic is presented at this video series
The steps in answers are supported by the
ideas used for getting the answer
 QUESTIONS FROM BOARD PAPERS
1. Find the equation of the line joining 𝑨(𝟏 , 𝟑) and 𝑩(𝟎 , 𝟎) using
determinants. Find the value of ‘𝒌’ if 𝑫(𝒌, 𝟎) is a point such that
area of 𝑨𝑩𝑫 = 𝟑 square units CBSE 2013, 2020
Let 𝑷(𝒙 , 𝒚) be a point on the line AB
Area of 𝑨𝑩𝑷 = 𝟎
𝟏 𝟑 𝟏 𝟏
𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟏 =𝟎 ⟹ 𝟏 × − 3 × +𝟏 × =𝟎
𝟐 𝒙 𝒚 𝟏 𝟐 𝒚 𝟏 𝒙 𝟏 𝒙 𝒚
𝟏
⟹ 𝟏 × −𝒚 − 3 × −𝒙 + 𝟏 × 𝟎 =𝟎
𝟐
⟹ 𝟑𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟎
The area of the triangle ABD with vertices 𝑨 𝟏 , 𝟑 , 𝑩(𝟎 , 𝟎), 𝑫(𝒌 , 𝟎) = 3
𝟏 𝟏 𝟑 𝟏
𝟎 𝟎 𝟏 =𝟑
𝟐
𝒌 𝟎 𝟏
𝟎 𝟏 𝟎 𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
⟹ 𝟏 × − 3 × +𝟏 × = ±𝟔
𝟎 𝟏 𝒌 𝟏 𝒌 𝟎
⟹ 𝟏 × 𝟎 − 3 × −𝒌 + 𝟏 × 𝟎 = ±𝟔
⟹ 𝟑𝒌 = ±𝟔

𝒌 = ±𝟐
 QUESTIONS FROM BOARD PAPERS
𝟐 𝟑
2. If 𝑨 = , Write 𝑨−𝟏 in terms of A CBSE 2011
𝟓 −𝟐
𝟐 𝟑
𝑨=
𝟓 −𝟐
−𝟐 −𝟑
Adj (𝑨) =
−𝟓 𝟐
𝟐 𝟑
𝑨 = = −𝟒 − 𝟏𝟗 = −𝟏𝟗
𝟓 −𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 −𝟐 −𝟑 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑
−𝟏
𝑨 = 𝒂𝒅𝒋 𝑨 = 𝑨−𝟏 =
𝑨 −𝟏𝟗 −𝟓 −𝟐 𝟏𝟗 𝟓 −𝟐
𝟏
𝑨−𝟏 = 𝑨
𝟏𝟗
 QUESTIONS FROM BOARD PAPERS
𝟑 −𝟐
3. If 𝑨 = , then find the value of  so that 𝑨𝟐 = 𝝀𝑨 − 𝟐𝑰.
𝟒 −𝟐
Hence find 𝑨−𝟏 CBSE 2007
𝟑 −𝟐
𝑨=
𝟒 −𝟐
𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐
𝑨 =
𝟒 −𝟐 𝟒 −𝟐
𝟐 𝟑 × 𝟑 − 𝟐 × 𝟒 𝟑 × −𝟐 − 𝟐 × −𝟐
𝑨 =
𝟒 × 𝟑 − 𝟐 × 𝟒 𝟒 × −𝟐 − 𝟐 × −𝟐

𝟐 𝟗 − 𝟖 −𝟔 + 𝟒 𝟏 −𝟐
𝑨 = 𝟐
𝑨 =
𝟏𝟐 − 𝟖 −𝟖 + 𝟒 𝟒 −𝟒
 𝟐 𝟏 −𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐
𝑨 = 𝑨=
𝟒 −𝟒 𝟒 −𝟐
𝑨𝟐 = 𝝀𝑨 − 𝟐𝑰
𝟏 −𝟐 𝟑 −𝟐 𝟏 𝟎
=𝝀 −𝟐
𝟒 −𝟒 𝟒 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏
𝟏 −𝟐 𝟑𝝀 −𝟐𝝀 𝟐 𝟎
= −
𝟒 −𝟒 𝟒𝝀 −𝟐𝝀 𝟎 𝟐
𝟏 −𝟐 𝟑𝝀 − 𝟐 −𝟐𝝀
=
𝟒 −𝟒 𝟒𝝀 −𝟐𝝀 − 𝟐
𝟏 = 𝟑𝝀 − 𝟐 ; −𝟐 = −𝟐𝝀; 𝟒 = 𝟒𝝀; −𝟒 = −𝟐𝝀 − 𝟐
𝝀=𝟏
 𝑨𝟐 = 𝝀𝑨 − 𝟐𝑰 𝝀=𝟏 𝟑 −𝟐
𝑨=
𝟒 −𝟐
𝑨𝟐 = 𝑨 − 𝟐𝑰

 𝐀 × 𝑨 − 𝑨 = −𝟐 𝑰

 𝐀 × 𝑨 × 𝑨−𝟏 − 𝑨 × 𝑨−𝟏 = −𝟐 𝑰 × 𝑨−𝟏 Post Multiply by 𝑨−𝟏 as 𝑨 ≠ 𝟎

 𝐀 × 𝑰 − 𝑰 = −𝟐 × 𝑨−𝟏 𝑨𝑨−𝟏 = 𝑰 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑰𝑨−𝟏 = 𝑨−𝟏

 𝐀 − 𝑰 = −𝟐 𝑨−𝟏 𝑨I=𝑨
𝟏
 𝑨−𝟏 = − ( 𝑨 − 𝑰)
𝟐

 𝑨−𝟏
𝟏
( 𝑰 − 𝑨) =
𝟏 𝟏 𝟎 𝟑 −𝟐 −𝟏
𝟏 −𝟐 𝟐
= − 𝑨 =
𝟐 𝟐 𝟎 𝟏 𝟒 −𝟐
𝟐 −𝟒 𝟑
 QUESTIONS FROM BOARD PAPERS
𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎
4. If 𝑨 = 𝟒 −𝟔 𝟓 , find 𝑨−𝟏 . Using 𝑨−𝟏 solve the system of equations :
𝟔 𝟗 −𝟐𝟎
𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟒 𝟔 𝟓 𝟔 𝟗 𝟐𝟎
+ + = 𝟒; − + = 𝟏; + − = 𝟐, 𝐱, 𝐲, 𝐳 ≠ 𝟎
𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 𝒙 𝒚 𝒛
CBSE 2002;2011

𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎
𝑨= 𝟒 −𝟔 𝟓 𝑨 = 𝟒 −𝟔 𝟓
𝟔 𝟗 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 𝟗 −𝟐𝟎

−𝟔 𝟓 𝟒 𝟓 𝟒 −𝟔
𝑨 =𝟐 −𝟑 + 𝟏𝟎
𝟗 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 𝟗
= 𝟐 𝟏𝟐𝟎 − 𝟒𝟓 − 𝟑 −𝟖𝟎 − 𝟑𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎 𝟑𝟔 + 𝟑𝟔
= 𝟏𝟓𝟎 + 𝟑𝟑𝟎 + 𝟕𝟐𝟎
= 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
 𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎
𝑨= 𝟒 −𝟔 𝟓 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟔 𝟗 −𝟐𝟎
−𝟔 𝟓 𝟒 𝟓 𝟒 −𝟔
𝑨𝟏𝟏 = + = 𝟕𝟓 𝑨𝟏𝟐 = − = 𝟏𝟏𝟎 𝑨𝟏𝟑 = + = 𝟕𝟐
𝟗 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 𝟗

𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟑
𝑨𝟐𝟏 = − = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝑨𝟐𝟐 = + = −𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝑨𝟐𝟑 = − =𝟎
𝟗 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 −𝟐𝟎 𝟔 𝟗
𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟐 𝟑
𝑨𝟑𝟏 = + = 𝟕𝟓 𝑨𝟑𝟐 = − = −𝟑𝟎 𝑨𝟑𝟑 = + = −𝟐𝟒
−𝟔 𝟓 𝟒 𝟓 𝟒 −𝟔
𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟏𝟎 𝟕𝟐 𝑻
𝑨𝒊𝒋 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎 −𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟎 𝑨𝒅𝒋(𝑨) = 𝑨𝒊𝒋
𝟕𝟓 −𝟑𝟎 −𝟐𝟒

𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟕𝟓 𝟏 𝟏 𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟕𝟓
𝑨𝒅𝒋 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎 −𝟏𝟎𝟎 −𝟑𝟎 𝑨−𝟏 = 𝑨𝒅𝒋 𝑨 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎 −𝟏𝟎𝟎 −𝟑𝟎
𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟕𝟐 𝟎 −𝟐𝟒 𝟕𝟐 𝟎 −𝟐𝟒
 𝟏 𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟕𝟓
𝑨−𝟏 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎 −𝟏𝟎𝟎 −𝟑𝟎
𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟕𝟐 𝟎 −𝟐𝟒

𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟒 𝟔 𝟓 𝟔 𝟗 𝟐𝟎
The Given System is: + + = 𝟒; − + = 𝟏; + − =𝟐
𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 𝒙 𝒚 𝒛 𝒙 𝒚 𝒛
𝟏
𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝒙
Let 𝑨 = 𝟒 −𝟔 𝟓 𝟏
𝟒
𝟔 𝟗 −𝟐𝟎
𝑿=
𝒚 𝑩= 𝟏
𝟏 𝟐
𝒛 𝟏
𝒙
𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟎 𝟏 𝟒
The matrix equation is : 𝑨 𝑿 = 𝑩 𝟒
𝟔
−𝟔
𝟗
𝟓
−𝟐𝟎
𝒚
= 𝟏
𝟐
𝟏
𝒛
−𝟏
𝑿= 𝑨 𝑩
 𝟏 𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟕𝟓 𝟒
−𝟏
𝑿= 𝑨 𝑩 𝑨−𝟏 =
𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟏𝟎 −𝟏𝟎𝟎 −𝟑𝟎 𝑩= 𝟏
𝟕𝟐 𝟎 −𝟐𝟒 𝟐

𝟏 𝟕𝟓 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟕𝟓 𝟒
𝑿= 𝟏𝟏𝟎 −𝟏𝟎𝟎 −𝟑𝟎 𝟏
𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟕𝟐 𝟎 −𝟐𝟒 𝟐

𝟏 𝟑𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏𝟓𝟎 + 𝟏𝟓𝟎 𝟏 𝟔𝟎𝟎

𝑿= 𝟒𝟒𝟎 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟔𝟎 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟐𝟖𝟖 + 𝟎 − 𝟒𝟖 𝟐𝟒𝟎

𝟏 𝟏
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝒙 𝟐
= = =
𝟏
=
𝟏
𝒙 𝟐 𝒚 𝟑 𝒛 𝟓
𝒚 𝟑
𝟏 𝟏
𝒛 𝟓
𝒙=𝟐; 𝒚=𝟑; 𝒛=𝟓
 QUESTIONS FROM BOARD PAPERS
𝟏 −𝟏 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏
5. Use the product 𝟎 𝟐 −𝟑 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑 to solve the system of equations:
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐
CBSE 2011
𝒙 – 𝒚 + 𝟐𝒛 = 𝟏 ; 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟑𝒛 = 𝟏 ; 𝟑𝒙 – 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟒 𝒛 = 𝟐

𝟏 −𝟏 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏
Let A = 𝟎 𝟐 −𝟑 and B = 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐
𝟏 −𝟏 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏
AB = 𝟎 𝟐 −𝟑 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐
−𝟐 − 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟐 𝟎−𝟐+𝟐 𝟏+𝟑−𝟒 𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
= 𝟎 + 𝟏𝟖 − 𝟏𝟖 𝟎+𝟒−𝟑 𝟎−𝟔+𝟔 = 𝟎 𝟏 𝟎
−𝟔 − 𝟏𝟖 + 𝟐𝟒 𝟎−𝟒+𝟒 𝟑+𝟔−𝟖 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏
 𝟏 −𝟏 𝟐 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏 𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
AB = 𝟎 𝟐 −𝟑 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑 = 𝟎 𝟏 𝟎
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟒 𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏
−𝟐 𝟎 𝟏
⟹ 𝑨𝑩 = 𝑰 𝑩= 𝑨 −𝟏 𝑨−𝟏 = 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑
𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐
Consider the system : 𝒙 – 𝒚 + 𝟐𝒛 = 𝟏 ; 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟑𝒛 = 𝟏 ; 𝟑𝒙 – 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟒 𝒛 = 𝟐
𝟏 −𝟏 𝟐 𝒙 𝟏
Let A = 𝟎 𝟐 −𝟑 𝑿= 𝒚 𝑩= 𝟏
𝟑 −𝟐 𝟒 𝒛 𝟐
The matrix equation is : 𝑨 𝑿 = 𝑩
𝑿 = 𝑨−𝟏 𝑩
 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏 𝒙 𝟏
𝑨−𝟏 = 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑 𝑿= 𝒚 𝑩= 𝟏
𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐 𝒛 𝟐
𝑿 = 𝑨−𝟏 𝑩
𝒙 −𝟐 𝟎 𝟏 𝟏
𝒚 = 𝟗 𝟐 −𝟑 𝟏
𝒛 𝟔 𝟏 −𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 −𝟐 + 𝟎 + 𝟐 𝒙 𝟎
𝒚 = 𝟗+𝟐−𝟔 𝒚 = 𝟓
𝒛 𝟔+𝟏−𝟒 𝒛 𝟑

𝒙 = 𝟎 ; 𝒚 = 𝟓; 𝒛 = 𝟑