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Nmsusu` Aicb4
@SGC [CV^MH@M
@M[ 4
[LG ^M_^H]H[H
Hihlht 4 dhih` om`thra rhyh, gcohyarh` ihlh uthrh
Gath Dhghrth scihth` , Dhghrth
^cicpa` (6?8) 5>>?222 c-lhmi4 m`ja.slgtmrthyhshFelhmi.kal
ICLOH_ VC@EC[HBEH@ NS/NM
IHVA_H@ V_HG^CG GC_DH IHVH@EH@ (VGI)
[LG ^M_^H]H[H
^HBS@ VCIHDH_H@ ?6?6-?6?8
;6 LH_C^ ?6?8
Lc`ecthbum, Lc`yctudum,
Lh`hecr EMH@^ OM@^H_A Vclomlom`e NS/NM
[LG ^M_^H]H[H
Nmsctudum aicb 4
Vclomlom`e [cgaihb
Lmrzh
Nmshbgh` Aicb 4
Vurwh`tm.spn QQQQQQQQQQQ
Lc`ecthbum
Gcphih [cgaihb
Luiyh`m.spn
mm
GH^H VC@EH@^H_
Hths _hblht ^ubh` ]h`e Lhbh Guhsh, phtut gmth syugurm ghr`h gmth lhsmb
nmocrmgh` gcshnhrh`, gclhuh` scrth gclhlpuh` u`tug lc`nmnmg, lcihtmb nh`
lc`ymhpgh` nmrm u`tug lc`dhnm ec`crhsm yh`e kcrnhs nhihl ocrjmgmr nh` ocrnzmgmr,
lh`nmrm
lh`nmrm scrth ocrghrhgtcr
ocrghrhgtcr Msihlm scbm`eeh
scbm`eeh gcihg hgh` ocrlh`jhht
ocrlh`jhht ohmg ohem nmrm
sc`nmrm lhupu` ohem lhsyhrhght iuhs scohehm vakhi pcloh`eu`h` oh`esh nh`
hehlh.
Ihparh
Ihparh`
` m`m nmsusu
nmsusu`
` scoheh
scohehmm ohbh`
ohbh` pcrth`
pcrth`eeu
eeu`ed
`edhwh
hwhoh`
oh` pcihgsh
pcihgsh`hh
`hh`
`
Vrhgtcg Gcrdh Ihph`eh` (VGI) [LG H[Q[S”SNM]]HB ^hbu` Vcihdhrh` ?6?6-
?6?8 nh` nmhdugh` scohehm syhrht u`tug lc`emgutm Sdmh` Galpctc`sm (SDMGAL)
nh` Sdmh` @hsma`hi (S@).
Nhihl pc`yusu`h` nh` pc`uimsh` ihparh` m`m tmnhg tcricphs nhrm oh`tuh`,
omlom`eh` scrth nugu`eh` nhrm ocrohehm pmbhg. Aicb ghr`h mtu nhihl gcsclphth`
m`m pc`uims nc`eh` sc`h`e bhtm lc`yhlphmgh` tcrmlh ghsmb yh`e tcrbarlht 4
8. MOS
MOS Luiy
Luiyh`
h`mm [,Vn
[,Vn.. [cihg
[cihgu
u gc
gcph
phih
ih [LG
[LG ^M_^
^M_^H]
H]H[
H[H
H yh
yh`e
`e tcihb
tcihb
lc`ecshbgh` ihparh` VGI m`m.
?. MO
MOS
S _msl
_mslhh [.Vn
[.Vn.. [c
[cih
ihgu
gu gcph
gcphih
ih pr
prae
aerh
rhl
l Hgu`
Hgu`th
th`s
`smm yh
yh`e
`e tc
tcih
ihb
b
mmm
:. Vc`e
Vc`eud
udmm ihpa
ihparh`
rh` gcem
gcemht
hth`
h` VGI
VGI yh
yh`e
`e tc
tcih
ihb
b lclo
lclocrm
crmgh
gh`
` gr
grmt
mtmsm
msm nh
nh`
`
lc`ecshbgh` ihparh` m`m.
5. Ohph
Ohphg
g nh` Mou
Mou euru
euru [LG ^M_^
^M_^H]
H][H
[H yh
yh`e
`e tcih
tcihb
b lclo
lclocr
crmg
mgh`
h`
omlom`eh` larhi, `hsmbht nh` na”h nclm gcih`khrh` gcemhth` nh`
pc`yusu`h` ihparh` VGI.
2. Hyhb
Hyhb nh` Mou hths dhsh-d
dhsh-dhsh
hsh`y
`yh,
h, na”h nh` tmnhg
tmnhg pc
pcr`
r`hb
hb icihb
icihb nhihl
nhihl
lc`nmn
lc`nmnmg
mg nh` lclocr
lclocrmm km`th
km`th yh`e
yh`e tuius
tuius nh` mgihs
mgihs gcphnh
gcphnh pc`uim
pc`uimss
sclc`dhg gckmi.
=. ^clh`-t
^clh`-tclh
clh`
` scluh hths gcocrshl
gcocrshlhh`
hh` nh` oh`tuh
oh`tuh`
` yh`e ocrhrtm
ocrhrtm ohem
pc`uims.
86. [cluh pmbhg yh`e
yh`e tcihb oh`yhg lcloh`tu pc`uims nhihl pc`ycicshmh`
ihparh` VGI m`m.
[claeh Hiihb
[claeh Hiihb [U^ lclocr
lclocrmgh
mgh`
` ohihsh`
ohihsh` yh`e
yh`e ocrimp
ocrimpht
ht eh`nh
eh`nh gcphnh
gcphnh
scluh`y
scluh`yh.
h. [hrh`
[hrh` nh` grmtmg
grmtmg yh`e
yh`e lcloh`
lcloh`eu`
eu` scihiu
scihiu pc`uim
pc`uimss bhrhpg
bhrhpgh`
h` u`
u`tug
tug
pcrohmgh` scih`dut`yh. Hgbmr`yh, bh`yh gcphnh Hiihb [U^ scehih`yh lunhb-
lunhbh` nhpht ocrlh`jhht gbusu ohem pc`uims nh` u`tug pclohkh phnh ulu`yh.
ES@HUH@
mv
NHJ^H_ M[M
Iclohr Vc`ecshbh`…………………………………………………mm
Ghth Vc`ebh`thr……………………………………………………..mv
OHO M
Vc`nhbuiuh`…………………………………………………………8
h. Ihthr
Ihthr Ocihgh
Ocihgh`e…
`e…………
………………
………………
………………
………………
……………8
……8
o. ^uduh` VGI………………………………………………….?
k. Lh`jhh
Lh`jhhtt VGI…
VGI…………
………………
………………
………………
………………
…………….
……...;
..;
OHO MM
h. [cdhrhb
[cdhrhb Vc`n
Vc`nmrm
mrmh`
h` Ghlpus
Ghlpus IV;M
IV;M………
………………
………………
…………….
…….3
3
o. [trugtur Areh`mshsm Ghlpus IV;M…………………………..:
k. Nmsmpi
Nmsmpim`
m` Gcrd
Gcrdhh nh` Gcscihl
Gcscihlhth`
hth` Gcrdh
Gcrdh………
………………
……………..
……...5
.5
n. Dc`ms
Dc`ms Omnh`e
Omnh`e Sshb
Sshbh……
h……………
………………
………………
………………
…………….5
…….5
OHO MMM
OHO MZ
Vc`utup……………………………………………………………..86
h. Gcsmlpu
Gcsmlpuih`
ih`………
………………
………………
………………
………………
………………
…………86
…86
o. [hrh`-shrh`………………………………………………….86
Ihlpmrh`-ihlpmrh`………………………………………………….88
v
OHO M
VC@NHBSISH@
H. IH^H
IH^H_
_ OCI
OCIHG
HGH@
H@E
E
[LG
[LG lcru
lcruph
phgh
gh`
` dc
dc`d
`dh`
h`e
e Vc
Vc`n
`nmn
mnmg
mgh`
h` yh
yh`e
`e lc`e
lc`eut
uthl
hlhg
hgh`
h`
pc`ecloh`eh` gclhlpuh` pcscrth nmnmg u`tug nhpht ocgcrdh phnh
omnh`e tcrtc`tu, gclhlpuh` ocrhnhpthsm nc`eh` im`egu`eh` gcrdh,
lcimbht pciuh`e gcrdh nh` nhpht lc`ecloh`egh` nmrm nm Crh Eiaohimshsm.
[uostmt
[uostmtusm
usm hthu lhtcrm
lhtcrm yh`e
yh`e nmhdhrg
nmhdhrgh`
h` nm [LG nmshdm
nmshdmgh`
gh` scsuhm
scsuhm
nc`eh` Gurmguiul ^hbu` ?68; (G8;) yh`e tcihb nmtcthpgh` ocrnhshrgh`
[th`nhr
[th`nhr Vc`nmnmgh`
Vc`nmnmgh` @hsma`hi Vusht, nh` nmihgsh`hgh
nmihgsh`hgh`
` nhihl ocrohehm
dc`ms galpctc`sm yh`e nm`mihm pc`tm`e nh` pcriu ohem pcscrth nmnmg nhihl
lc`dhi
lc`dhih`m
h`m gcbmnu
gcbmnuph`
ph` scsuhm
scsuhm nc`eh`
nc`eh` zhlh`y
zhlh`yh.
h. Galpc
Galpctc`
tc`sm
sm nmlhgs
nmlhgsun
un
lcimputu Galpctc`sm-galpctc`sm yh`e nmoutubgh` u`tug lc`dhnm ghncr
Vc`
c`n
nmnmgh` nm [LG nhp
hphht lc`cr
crhhpgh` ocr
cro
ohe
hehhm paih
pc`ycic`eehrhh` Vc`nmnmgh` yh`e nhpht nm ihgsh`hgh` sckhrh tcrphnu,
scpcrt
scpcrtm4
m4 Vaih
Vaih Vc`n
Vc`nmn
mnmg
mgh`
h` [mst
[mstml
ml Eh`n
Eh`nhh (V[E
(V[E)) yh
yhmt
mtu
u Vrhg
Vrhgtc
tcg
g Gcrd
Gcrdhh
Ihph`eh` (VGI), nh` Vc`nmnmgh` dhrhg dhub.
8
VGI
VGI hn
hnhi
hihb
hb pa
paih
ih pc
pc`y
`yci
cic`
c`ee
eehr
hrhh
hh`
` Vc
Vc`n
`nmn
mnmg
mgh`
h` yh
yh`e
`e nm
nmgc
gcia
iaih
ih
ocrshlh-shlh h`thrh [LG nc`eh` Nu`mh Sshbh/Nu`mh
M`nustrm/Hsasmhsm Vrajcsm, Vclcrm`thbh` scohehm M`nustrm Vhsh`eh` (MV),
O. ^SDS
^SDSH@
H@ VGI
VGI
8. Lc`ebhsmigh
Lc`ebhsmigh`
` tc`heh
tc`heh gcrdh yh`e
yh`e lclmimg
lclmimgmm gchbimh`
gchbimh` prajcsmha
prajcsmha`hi,
`hi, yhmtu
yhmtu
tc`heh gcrdh yh`e lclmimgmtm`eght pc`ecthbuh`, gctcrhlpmih` nh` ctas
gcrdh yh`e scsuhm nc`eh` tu`tuth` ihph`eh` gcrdh.
?. Lclpc
Lclpcrg
rgag
agab
ab bu
buou
ouh`
h`eh
eh`
` gc
gctcr
tcrth
thrmg
rmgh`
h` nh
nh`
` gc
gcsc
scph
phnh
nh`h
`h`
` (Im
(Im`g
`g h`
h`n
n
Lhtkb) h`thrh [LG nh` M`nustrm.
;. Lc`m`e
Lc`m`eght
ghtgh`
gh` cjmsmc`s
cjmsmc`smm prascs
prascs Vc`nmnmg
Vc`nmnmgh`
h` nh` pcihtm
pcihtmbh`
bh` tc`heh
tc`heh gcrdh
gcrdh
yh`e ocrguhimths prajcsma`hi.
>. Lcloc
Lclocrm
rm pc
pc`e
`ehg
hguh
uh`
` nh
nh`
` pc
pc`e
`ebh
bhre
rehh
hh`
` tc
tcrb
rbhn
hnhp
hp pc
pc`e
`ehi
hihl
hlh`
h` gc
gcrdh
rdh
?
K. LH@JHH^ VGI
Gcrdhshlh h`thrh [LG nc`eh` nu`mh ushbh / m`nustrm / m`sth`sm
h. Lh`j
Lh`jhh
hhtt Ohem
Ohem M`n
M`nus
ustr
trmm
Vc`ycic`eehrhh` VGI, lclocrm gcu`tu`eh` `yhth ohem m`nustry h`thrh
ihm`4
8. Vcrush
Vcrushbhh
bhh`` nhpht lc`ec`
lc`ec`hi
hi guhimth
guhimthss pcscrt
pcscrthh VGI yh`e ocihdhr
ocihdhr nh`
ocgcrdh nm m`nustrm.
?. Slul`
Slul`yh
yh pcscrth
pcscrth VGI,
VGI, tcihb mgut
mgut nhihl
nhihl prascs
prascs pranugs
pranugsmm sckhrh
hgtmj scbm`eeh phnh pc`ecrtmh` tcrtc`tu pcscrth VGI hnhihb tc`heh
gcrdh yh`e lclocrm gcu`tu`eh`.
;. Vc
Vcru
rush
shbh
bhh`
h` nhph
nhphtt lclo
lclocr
crmm tu
tueh
ehss gc
gcph
phnh
nh pc
pcsc
sctr
trth
th VGI
VGI u`
u`tu
tug
g
gcpc`tm`eh` pcrushbhh` scsuhm galpctc`sm nh` gclhlpuh` yh`e
nmlmimgm.
>. [cih
[cihlh
lh pr
pras
ascs
cs Vc`n
Vc`nmn
mnmg
mgh`
h` lclh
lclhiu
iumm gc
gcrdh
rdh m`nust
m`nustm,
m, pc
pcscr
scrth
th VGI
VGI
;
o. Lh`j
Lh`jhh
hhtt Ohem
Ohem [cg
[cgai
aihb
hb
^uduh` Vc`nmnmgh` u`tug lclocrm gchbimh` prajcssma`hi ohem
pcscrth nmnmg icomb tcrdhlm` pc`khphmh`yh. ^crnhpht gcscsuhmh` yh`e
k. Lh`jhh
Lh`jhhtt Ohem
Ohem Vrhgtm
Vrhgtmgh`
gh`/pc
/pcsc
scrth
rth nmnm
nmnmg
g
Bhsmi
Bhsmi ocihdh
ocihdhrr pcscrt
pcscrthh Vrhgtm
Vrhgtmg
g M`nust
M`nustrm
rm hgh`
hgh` icomb
icomb ocrlhg
ocrlhg`h,
`h,
ghrc`h sctcihb thlht hgh` octui-octui lclmimgm gchbimh` pajcsma`hi
n. Uhgtu
Uhgtu nh`
nh` ^clpht-
^clpht-tclp
tclpht
ht Vcihg
Vcihgsh`h
sh`hh`
h` VGI
VGI
Uhgtu pcihgsh`hh` VGI nm ihgsh`hgh` phnh th`eehi 8 Lhrct ?6?8
shlphm nc`eh` ;6 Hprmi ?6?8 nm ihgsh`hgh` nhrm bhrm [c`m` shlphm
nc`eh` bhrm lm`eeu phnh pugui lhsug phem nhrm dhl 65.66 UMO ‛
8>.66 UMO .
Vcihgsh`hh` VGI ocrtclpht nm EMH@^ OM@^H_A yh`e ocrhihlht
nm DI.Om`thra dhyh scgtar 8 Dhghrth [cihth`
>
OHO MM
EHLOH_H@ SLSL _C[^S V_ANSK^MA@
H. [CDH_H
[CDH_HB
B _C[^S
_C[^S V_ANSK^
V_ANSK^MA@
MA@
_mtci rhgshsh m`m nmnmrmgh` aicb gciuhreh ^h`g nm GSHIH ISLVS_, LHIH][MH
LHIH][MH
^hbu` 8=>>. Emh`t supcrlhrgct ocrpusht nm nm [bhb Hihl,[ih`eear Nhrui Cbsh`,
Lhihysmh. _mtci scpcrtm Emh`t lc`duhi ocrhehl ohrh`e luihm nhrm lhgh`
lhgh`h`
h`
bm`eeh pcrhihth` lhshg
3
O. NM[MVIM@
NM[MVIM@ GC_DH
GC_DH NH@ GC[CIHLH^
GC[CIHLH^H@
H@ GC_DH
GC_DH
8. Lclhtubm
Lclhtubm pcrhturh`
pcrhturh` yh`e ocrihgu
ocrihgu nm
nm nhihl
nhihl EMH@^ OM@^H_A
OM@^H_A
DH]H
?. Ocri
Ocrihg
hgu
u saph
saph`,
`,du
dudu
dur,
r,nh
nh`
` ocrt
ocrth`
h`ee
eeu`
u`e
e dhwh
dhwho
o
;. Bhrus nhth`
h`e
e tcpht whgtu
>. Lclhg
hghhm ph
phghmh` yh
yh`e sa
saph`
K. DC@M[
DC@M[ OMNH@E
OMNH@E S[HBH
S[HBH
EMH@^ OM@^H_A DH]H hnhihb omnh`e m`nustrm _M^CI
OHO MMM
S_HMH@ VCIHG[H@HH@ VGI
:
H. UHG^S
UHG^S VCIH
VCIHG[H
G[H@HH
@HH@
@ VGI
VGI
Uhgtu gcrdh nm _cstu pranuktma` nm ihgsh`hhgh` nhrm bhrm [c`m`
O. ^CLV
^CLVH^
H^ VCIHG
VCIHG[H
[H@H
@HH@
H@
Di. _c`ehs
_c`ehs gck.Km
gck.Kmput
putht
ht tmlur
tmlur gath
gath ^h`eec
^h`eecrh`
rh`e
e [cihth
[cihth`,
`, Oh`tc`
Oh`tc`
83>8?
K. IH@EGHB-I
IH@EGHB-IH@EG
H@EGHB
HB GC_DH/V
GC_DH/V_A[C
_A[C[
[ GC_DH
GC_DH
8. Urhppm`e
?. Nmspihy oh
ohrh`e
;. Lclo
Lclouh
uhtt Vrmk
Vrmkcc Khrn
Khrn
>. Ehp Kbckg
3. [artmr
:. Kcg CRVM_CN
5. Lclo
Lcloh`
h`tu
tu Kastu
astul
lcr
N. BH[MI
BH[MI ]H@E
]H@E NM BH_H
BH_HVG
VGH@
H@
8. Lc`hlo
Lc`hlohb
hb milu
milu nm Emh`
Emh`tt Om`th
Om`thra
ra DH]H
DH]H
?. Nmsmpi
Nmsmpim`
m` nhihl
nhihl lc`eht
lc`ehtur
ur whgtu
whgtu
;. Nmsmpi
Nmsmpim`
m` nhihl
nhihl ocrphg
ocrphghmh`
hmh` rhpmb
rhpmb
>. ^cromh
^cromhsh
sh tcrdu
tcrdu`
` nm ihph`e
ihph`eh`
h` gcrd
gcrdhh
C. BHLOH^H@
BHLOH^H@ ‛ BHLOH
BHLOH^H@
^H@ ]H@E NMHIHLM
NMHIHLM
Lhsh
Lhshih
ihb
b yh`e
yh`e sc
scrm
rm`e
`e sh
shyh
yh bh
bhnh
nhpm
pm gc
gctm
tmgh
gh pr
prhg
hgcr
crm`
m` hn
hnhi
hihb
hb
5
J. VCLC
VCLCKH
KHBH
BH@
@ LH[
LH[HI
HIHB
HB
[hihb shtu khrh shyh u`tug lclckhbgh` lhshihb yh`e hnh mhihb
nc`eh`
nc`eh` ih`esu`e
ih`esu`e shyh oh`eu` nm phem bhrm icomb hwhi hehr omsh nhtm`e
nhtm`e
icomb
icomb hwhi,
hwhi, shim`e
shim`e lc`dcl
lc`dclput
put shtu shlh ihm
ihm`
` yh`e
yh`e tmnhg
tmnhg lclmim
lclmimgm
gm
gc`nhrhh`
2
OHO MZ
VC@S^SV
H. Gcsm
Gcsmlp
lpui
uih`
h`
O. [hrh
[hrh`-
`-[h
[hrh
rh`
`
8. S`tug
S`tug hnc
hnc gcihs
gcihs yh`e
yh`e hgh`
hgh` lcihgsh
lcihgsh`hg
`hgh`
h` VGI
VGI hehr
hehr lclpcrsm
lclpcrsmhpg
hpgh`
h`
nmrm nc`eh` lc`euhshm pcihdhrh` yh`e hgh` nmtcrhpgh` nhihl m`nustrm.
?. [cihiu
[cihiu lc`dh
lc`dheh
eh `hlh
`hlh ohmg scgai
scgaihb
hb nmlh`h
nmlh`h tclph
tclphtt nmihgsh
nmihgsh`hg
`hgh`
h` `yh
VGI.
;. S`tu
S`tug
g pmbh
pmbhg
g sc
scga
gaih
ihb
b nhih
nhihl
l pc`c
pc`clp
lpht
hth`
h` VGI
VGI hi
hih`
h`eg
eghb
hb oh
ohmg
mg`y
`yhh
nmpmimbgh` nc`eh` tclpht yh`e tmnhg tcrihiu dhub nhrm tclpht tm`eehi
smswh.
=
Ihlpmrh`
86
88
8?