Questions on the video

1. What did alchemists seek to create?

- They sought to unlock the mystery: what is the basic building block of creation?
2. What were the four elements according to alchemy and other prescientific
systems?
- Earth, Water, Fire, Air.
3. What was Mendeleyev's first experience of chemistry?
- At his glass factory, having seen the combination of how the glass was formed, etc.
4. The rapid development of chemistry was spurred on by what economic
phenomenon?
- Industrial Evolution and Mass Production.
5. How many elements did scientists know about in Medeleev's time?
- 65.
6. Why did Mendeleev go to St Petersburg to study science?
- Because his family’s factory was burned down, so the only hope of his mother was
the education for the youngest son.
7. What technique did Mendeleyev use to create the periodic table?
- He grouped the elements in the way that linked them in the behaviors of their
chemical properties.
8. What properties did he use to sort the elements?
- Metallic characters and atomic weights.
9. What did he notice about the weights of different elements and how did he
use the observation to make predictions?
- Within each group of alike elements, the difference between one atomic weight and
the next was always nearly the same. From that, he predicted that in time, an
element would be discovered to fill the gap.
10. What was the heaviest element in his system?
- Uranium.
11. Who was the next scientist to take up the study of uranium?
- Marie Curie.
12. What is the ore (raw material) that uranium is taken from?
- Uraninite.
13. What other two elements did the scientist discover in this ore?
- Polonium and Radium.
14. What did they observe happening during the radioactive decay of radium?
- It was emitting light.
15. Who was the scientist who started to investigate radioactivity and the
structure of the atom?
- Earnest Rutherford.
16. Where are the instruments that he used stored?
- McGill University.
17. What did he discover was happening during the decay of radium?
- One element, Radium, was somehow producing another element, which was not
Radium vapor, but a completely different element with different atomic weight,
Helium.
18. What was the implication of this observation?
- If one element could arrive from one another, then all elements, all matters in the
universe could well have been the product of a primal transformation of their own.
19. How does Einstein's theory of special relativity relate to radioactive decay?
- Just as heat and light are different forms of energy, so is matter itself. Energy is
never lost or gained, it just transforms from one form to another. Mass can be
completely converted to energy, according to this theory.
20. What is the meaning of the formula E = mc2 (squared)?
- E stands for energy, M for matter. C is the speed of light.
21. How does Einstein see matter?
- He imagined matters as something like battery, a form of stored energy.
22. How would you describe the methods of the scientist in question 15?
- Experimental methods.