Name:

Chapter 2
Unit 2.1 & 2.3: Cell Structure & Cell Division
Part A: Cell Diagrams
1. Identify the following structures and label the diagram (16 marks)

A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
E. 5.
F. 6.
G. 7.
8.
9.
Name:

Part B
2. Match the description in Column A with a term in Column B. Write the letter of the
response in the blank on the left. (7 marks)
Column A Column B
_________ 1. A double-layered, flexible outer
A. Chloroplast(s)
lining that is semi-permeable

_________ 2. Site of protein synthesis B. Golgi apparatus/ Golgi bodies

3. Special structures in the cell that

C. Nuclear membrane
_________ perform specific functions
4. Strong and porous outer
D. Cytoplasm
_________ structure made of cellulose
5. Uses oxygen to carry out cellular
_________ E. Cell membrane
respiration
_________ 6. Organelles are suspended in this
F. Ribosome(s)
_________ 7. Responsible for processing
incoming materials (such as
proteins and lipids) and G. Organelles
transporting them out of the
cell
H. Mitochondria
I. Vacuole
J. Cell wall
Part C Fill in the Blanks
3. Complete the following table by filling in the correct cell part, function, or structure (18
marks)
Cell Part Structure Function
Made up of mostly water, but
also contains nutrients need
by the cell

Roughly spherical

Transport materials such as

Endoplasmic Reticulum proteins and lipids
throughout the cell
Site for protein synthesis
N/A
1.
Cell membrane 2.
3.
Fluid filled sac enclosed by a In animal cells:
single membrane

Large and occupies a lot of In plant cells:

space in the plant cell

Smaller sacs in animal cells

Stacked together and
function as a unit

Cell wall

Contains chlorophyll

Mitochondria

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Part D Diffusion and Osmosis
Diffusion is the movement of particles from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. It is a
natural, random process. This means that it does not require extra energy input.

4. These are pictures of molecules frozen at two different times. Draw arrows to show the direction the
particles might travel due to diffusion in diagram A.

A. B.

5. Diagram A shows the same number of particles as in Diagram B except most particles start out on one side of
the box. Explain why after a while, Diagram A resembles Diagram B.

6. Give an everyday example of diffusion in air and in water.

 AIR:
 WATER:

WORD BANK: Passive / Active / Lower / Higher / Unevenly / Evenly

7. Complete the following sentence: Diffusion is the ______________ movement of particles from
__________ concentration to a ___________ concentration until they are ____________ spread out.

8. Moths emit chemicals called pheromones to attract a mate.

a) Which process is responsible for the distribution of these chemicals through the air?

b) If a moth detects pheromones, how might it work out which direction they are coming from?

c) What would be the advantage of a moth releasing the pheromones on a night when there was little wind?

9. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane. The semi permeable membrane acts
like a filter that lets only the water through. Water always goes from the area of higher water concentration to
the area of lower water concentration. Confused? Then imagine the particles (or solute) are salt and follow the
rule - SALT SUCKS!

On the diagram to the right label the:

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 • Semi permeable membrane (M)

• Area of higher water concentration (HC)

• Area of lower water concentration (LC)

• Direction of osmotic flow (arrow)

WORD BANK: Salt / Water / Lower / Higher / Semi-permeable Membrane /

Cell Wall

10. Complete the following sentence: Osmosis is the passage of ________________ molecules from a
______________ concentrated solution to a _____________ concentrated solution through a
_______________ ______________

11. The roots of a plant have root hair cells that absorb water from the soil. The diagram below shows two
different kinds of roots. The concentration of the solution inside the cell is higher than the concentration of the
solution in the soil.
a) Explain why water moves from the soil into the root hair cell.

b) Suggest why root hair cells are long and thin and not short and stubby?

8. Label the following diagrams of Red Blood Cells and Plant Cells as being examples of cells contained in Isotonic,
Hypertonic and Hypotonic solutions.

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9. Strawberry jelly is a very strong solution of sugar. By contrast the cytoplasm in bacteria is a much weaker
solution. The cell wall of bacteria is made up of a semi-permeable membrane. Would water flow from the microbe
to the jam, or from the jam to the microbe by osmosis?