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Suhu 70 °C
T1 = 50,5 °C = 122,9 °F
T2 = 47 °C = 116,6 °F
t1 = 31,5 °C = 88,7 °F
t2 = 33 °C = 91,4 °F
Tipe heat exchanger yang digunakan adalah tipe shell and tube dengan
sistem single pass
Panjang tube (L) = 264 cm = 103,937 In = 8,66 ft
Diameter tube (D) = 1,27 cm = 0, 5 In = 0,042 ft
Panjang shell = 70 cm = 2,30 ft
Diameter shell = 16 cm = 0,525 ft
Ketebalan shell = 2 cm = 0,066 ft
Jarak antar baffle = 20 cm = 0,66 ft
Diameter tube dianggap sebagai OD sehingga pada Tabel. 10 Kern,
halaman 843 dapat dilihat bahwa ID = 0,370 In BWG = 16
Spesifikasi Alat
OD Tube = 0,5 In = 0,042 ft
ID Tube = 0,370 In = 0,031 ft
Flow area tube = 0,1076 In2
BWG = 16
Pitch Tube = 0,75 In = 0,0625 ft
ID Shell = 16 cm = 6,30 In = 0,52 ft
OD Shell = 18 cm = 7,09 In = 0,59 ft
a. Heat Balance
P ada aliran panas
122,9 + 1 1 6,6
Tav = 2 = 119,75 oF
Dari Fig.2 Kern, halaman 804 dari lampiran grafik diperoleh :
C = 1,08 Btu/lb oF
Dari Tabel Appendix 2.11, Geankoplis halaman 862 diperoleh
ρ = 61,78
Maka :
W =ρ × laju alir`
= 61,78 lbm/ft3 × (11,22 Liter/menit × 1 ft3/28,32 Liter × 60 menit/hr)
= 1.468 lbm/hr
Q = W × C × (T1-T2)
Q = 9.988,27 Btu/hr
Q = 4.436,945 Btu/hr
b. LMTD
Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Different Keterangan
122,9 °F Highter 91,4 °F 31,5 °F ∆t2
Temp
116,6 °F Lower Temp 88,7 °F 27,9 °F ∆t1
6,3 °F Different 2,7 °F 3,6 °F ∆t2 - ∆t1
(T1 - t2) - (T2 - t1)
LMTD =
ln [(T1 - t2)/(T2 - t1)]
31,5 - 27,9
LMTD =
ln [ 31,5 / 27,9 ]
3,6
LMTD =
ln 3,6
3,6
LMTD =
1,28
LMTD = 2,81 oF
e. Dari Fig.19 Kern, halaman 829 lampiran grafik dapat dilihat bahwa :
Ft = 0,87
∆t = LMTD (Ft) = 2,81 (0,99) = 2,781 oF
f. Ta dan ta
(T1 + T2) (122,9 + 116,6) 239,5
Ta =
2
= 2
= 2
= 119,7 oF
Mass Velocity
W 1.597 lb / hr
Gt =
at
= 2 = 41.159,793 lb / hr ft2
0,0388 ft
L 2,3 0
= = 279,35
D 0,031
( )[ ]
1
k Cμ 3
hi / ∅ t = jH ( ) ∅t
D k
= 2,7 (
0,031 )
0,367
[1,4] ∅ t
( )[ ]
1
k Cμ 3
hi = jH ( ) ∅t
D k
= 2,7 (
0,031 )
0,36 7
[1,4] 0,883
0,370
= 49,48 × 0,5
= 39,48 × 0,74
= 29,21 Btu/hr.ft2.°F
h. Fluida dingin bagian Shell
Diameter shell = 16 cm = 6,30 In = 0,525 ft
Panjang shell = 70 cm = 27,56 In = 2,30 ft
Flow Area
Jarak antar baffle (B) = 7,87 In = 0,6558 ft
ID Shell = 16 cm = 6,30 In = 0,525 ft
OD Shell = 18 cm = 7,09 In = 0,59 ft
OD Tube = 0,5 In = 0,042 ft
Pitch Tube (PT) = 0,75 In = 0,0625 ft
C’ = PT – OD
= 0,75 – 0,5
= 0,25 In
ID × C’ × B
as = 144 × P T
6,30 × 0, 25 × 7,87
= 144 × 0,75
12,395
= 108
= 0,115 ft2
2
4 × (P T ² - π do /4)
De =
πd0
2
4 × ((0, 75)² - 3,14 × (0,5) /4)
=
3,14 × 0,5
4 × (0,5625 - 0,19625)
= 1,57
1,465
=
1,57
= 0,933 In
= 0,07775 ft
Mass Velocity
w 1.597 lbm / hr
Gs = = = 13.886,956 lb/hr ft2
a s 0,115 ft2
( )[ ]
1
k Cμ 3
ho / ∅ s = jH ( ) ∅s
D k
= 5,3 (
0,07775 )
0,373
[1,31] ∅ s
( )[ ]
1
k Cμ 3
ho = jH ( ) ∅s
D k
= 5,3 (
0,07775 )
0,373
[1,31] 0,882
1
Ui = 0,025 + (0,0059) + (0,00112)
1
Ui = 0,03202
Ui = 31,23 Btu/hr.ft2.°F
Fluida Dingin di Shell
1
Uo =
1/ho + ( ro /k) ln ( ro / ri ) + ( ro / ri ) (1/ho)
1
Uo =
1/68,91 + (0,2625/9,02) ln (0,2625/0,021) + (0,2625/0,021) (1/68,91)
1
Uo =
0,0145 + (0,0291) ln (12,5) + (12,5) (0,0145)
1
Uo = 0,0145 + (0,0291) (2,526) + (12,5) (0,0145)
1
Uo = 0,0145 + (0,0735) + (0,1812)
1
Uo = 0,26925
Uo = 3,71 Btu/hr.ft2.°F