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DATA PENGAMATAN
Aliran co current
Fluida Panas Fluida Dingin
Laju Fluida T masuk T Keluar Laju Fluida T masuk T Keluar
(L/min) (oC) (oC) (L/min) (oC) (oC)
2 50 45,7 1 17,7 32,2
3 49,1 46,2 1 18,3 33,2
4 48,3 46,1 1 19,4 33,7
VI. PERHITUNGAN
6.1. Aliran Co-Current Untuk Laju Fluida Panas (2 L/min) dan Fluida Dingin (1 L/min)
3,28
Diketahui L = 1,37 m x 1 𝑚 = 4,51 feet
HE berbentuksilinder ( ½ , ¾ )
annulus = ¾ mch, sch = 40
1 ft
OD : 1,05 inch x 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0,0875ft
1 ft
ID : 1,824 inch x 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0,0687 ft
1 ft
ID : 1,824 inch x 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0,0687 ft
= 118,68 kg / hr
Temperature pada fluida dingin( inner pipe )
T1+T2 ( 17,7+32,2) ° C
Tav = = = 24,95° C = 79,61° F
2 2
= 59,826 kg / hr
a. Heat Balance
QH = QC +QLOSS
QH = WH. Cp. ∆T
= 118,68 Kg/hr x 4,180 KJ/Kg.K (318,7 - 323)K
= -2.13,1543 KJ/hr
QC = WC. Cp. ∆T
= 59,826Kg/hr x 4,181 KJ/Kg.K (305,2-290,7)K
= 3.626,05KJ/hr
Q LOSS = QH – QC
= -2.133,1543 KJ/hr - 3.626,05KJ/hr
= -5.759,2043 KJ/hr
I n n e r p i p e A n n u l u s
e. Re p Re a
T = 118,130F T = 76,910F
𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏
2,42 .ℎ𝑟 2,42 .ℎ𝑟
𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
µp = 0,6 cp x µa = 0,9cp x
1 𝑐𝑝 1 𝑐𝑝
= 1,452 lb/ft.hr = 2,178 lb/ft.hr
𝐷𝑝.𝐺𝑝 𝐷𝑎.𝐺𝑎
Rep = Rea =
µ𝑝 µ𝑎
0,0518 ft x 124.592,66 lb/f𝑡2.hr 0,0393 ft x 78.299,92lb/f𝑡2.hr
= 𝑙𝑏 = 𝑙𝑏
1,452 .ℎ𝑟 2,178 .ℎ𝑟
𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
g. MenghitungbilanganPrandlt MenghitungbilanganPrandlt
T = 118,130F T = 76,910F
Interpolasinilai k Interpolasinilai k
T ( 0 F ) k (Btu/ft 2 .hr)( 0 F/ft) T ( 0 F ) k (Btu/ft 2 .hr)( 0 F/ft)
8 6 0 , 3 5 6 3 2 0 , 3 3
1 1 8 , 1 3 ? 7 6 , 9 1 ?
1 4 0 0 , 3 8 1 8 6 0 , 3 5 6
119,13 − 86 76,91−32
k = 0,356 +( ) (0,356 – 0,33) k = 0,33 +( ) (0,356 – 0,33)
140 − 86 86−32
= 0,33 + 0,0413 = 0,33 + 0,02258
= 0,3709 Btu/ft2.hr(0F/ft) = 0,3516 Btu/ft2.hr(0F/ft)
h. Menghitung hi Menghitung ho
1 1
𝐽𝐻.𝑘 𝐶.𝜇 3 𝜇 0,14 𝐽𝐻.𝑘 𝐶.𝜇 3 𝜇 0,14
hi = ( ) ho = ( 𝑘 ) 𝜇𝑤
𝐷𝑝 𝑘 𝜇𝑤 𝐷𝑎
35 . 0,3709 18 . 0,3516
= (1,5754)(1)0,14 = (1,8690)(1)0,14
0,0518 0,0393
= 394,7015 Btu/Kg.ft = 300,9803 Btu/Kg.ft
i. Menghitunghio
𝐼𝐷
hio = hi . 𝑂𝐷
0,0518 𝑓𝑡
= 394,7015 Btu/Kg.ftx 0,07 𝑓𝑡
= 292,0791Btu/Kg.ft
0,264
= 0,0035 + (4444,834)0,42
=0,01125
4F.Gp2 .L
∆Fp = 2g.ρ2 .D
p
4(0,01125).(124592,66)2 .(4,51)
= 2(4,18 x 108 ).(61,74125)2 .(0,0518)
= 0,0191
∆Fp +ρ
∆Pp =144
0,0191+61,74125
= 144
=0,42889
0,264
F = 0,0035 + 𝑅𝑒𝑎′0,42
0,264
=0,0035 + (575,5844)0,42
= 0,0218
Ga 78299,92
V = 3600.ρ = 3600.(62,2469) = 0,3494
V2 0,34942
Ft = = = 0,0019
2g 2.(32,2)
∆Fa +Ft
∆Pa = .ρ
144
0,0189+0,0019
= (62,2469)
144
= 0,00899
6.2. Aliran Co-Current Untuk Laju Fluida Panas (3 L/min) dan Fluida Dingin (1 L/min)
3,28
Diketahui L = 1,37 m x 1 𝑚 = 4,51 feet
HE berbentuk silinder ( ½ , ¾ )
annulus = ¾ mch, sch = 40
1 ft
OD : 1,05 inch x 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0,0875ft
1 ft
ID : 1,824 inch x 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0,0687 ft
1 ft
ID : 1,824 inch x 12 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0,0518 ft
= 178,02 kg / hr
Temperature pada fluida dingin( inner pipe )
T1+T2 ( 18,9+33,2) ° C
Tav = = = 26,05° C = 78,89° F
2 2
= 59,82 kg / hr
a. Heat Balance
QH = QC +QLOSS
QH = WH. Cp. ∆T
= 178,02 Kg/hr x 4,180 KJ/Kg.K (318,2-321,1)K
= -2.157,9584 KJ/hr
QC = WC. Cp. ∆T
= 59,82Kg/hr x 4,181 KJ/Kg.K (305,2-290,9)K
= 3.576,5361 KJ/hr
Q LOSS = QH – QC
= -2.157,9584 KJ/hr - 3576,5361 KJ/hr
= -5.734,4945 KJ/hr
I n n e r p i p e A n n u l u s
e. Re p Re a
T = 117,17 0F T = 78,89 0F
𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏
2,42 .ℎ𝑟 2,42 .ℎ𝑟
𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
µp = 0,6 cp x µa = 0,9cp x
1 𝑐𝑝 1 𝑐𝑝
= 1,452 lb/ft.hr = 2,178 lb/ft.hr
𝐷𝑝.𝐺𝑝 𝐷𝑎.𝐺𝑎
Rep = Rea =
µ𝑝 µ𝑎
0,0518 ft x 186.887,095 lb/f𝑡2.hr 0,0393 ft x 82.424,48 lb/f𝑡2.hr
= 𝑙𝑏 = 𝑙𝑏
1,452 .ℎ𝑟 2,178 .ℎ𝑟
𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
g. MenghitungbilanganPrandlt MenghitungbilanganPrandlt
T = 117,770F T = 78,890F
Interpolasinilai k Interpolasinilai k
T ( 0 F ) k (Btu/ft 2 .hr)( 0 F/ft) T ( 0 F ) k (Btu/ft 2 .hr)( 0 F/ft)
3 2 0 , 3 3 3 2 0 , 3 3
8 6 0 , 3 5 6 7 8 , 8 9 ?
1 1 7 , 7 7 ? 8 6 0 , 3 5 6
117,77−32 78,89−32
k = 0,33 +( ) (0,356 – 0,33) k = 0,33 +( ) (0,356 – 0,33)
86−32 86−32
= 0,33 + 0,0413 = 0,33 + 0,02258
= 0,3713 Btu/ft2.hr(0F/ft) = 0,35258 Btu/ft2.hr(0F/ft)
h. Menghitung hi Menghitung ho
1 1
𝐽𝐻.𝑘 𝐶.𝜇 3 𝜇 0,14 𝐽𝐻.𝑘 𝐶.𝜇 3 𝜇 0,14
hi = ( ) ho = ( 𝑘 ) 𝜇𝑤
𝐷𝑝 𝑘 𝜇𝑤 𝐷𝑎
40 . 0,3713 20 . 0,35258
= (1,5748)(1)0,14 = (1,8341)(1)0,14
0,0518 0,0393
= 451,509 Btu/Kg.ft = 329,094Btu/Kg.ft
i. Menghitunghio
𝐼𝐷
hio = hi . 𝑂𝐷
0,0518 𝑓𝑡
= 451,509 x 0,07 𝑓𝑡
= 334,1167Btu/Kg.ft
4F.Gp2 .L
∆Fp = 2g.ρ2 .D
p
4(0,01004).(186887,095)2 .(4,51)
= 2(4,18 x 108 ).(61,7432)2 .(0,0518)
= 0,03832
∆Fp +ρ
∆Pp = 144
0,03832+61,7432
= 144
=0,42904
Ga 82424,48
V = 3600.ρ = 3600.(62,2427) = 0,3678
V2 0,3678
Ft = 2g = 2.(32,2) = 0,0021011
∆Fa +Ft
∆Pa = 144
.ρ
0,010284+0,0021011
= (62,2421)
144
= 0,00535335
6.3. Aliran Co-Current Untuk Laju Fluida Panas (4 L/min) dan Fluida Dingin (1 L/min)
3,28ft
L = 1.37m x = 4,51ft
1m
QH = WH. Cp. ∆T
= 273,36 Kg/hr x 4,180 KJ/Kg.K (319,1-321,3)K
= -2.182,763 KJ/hr
QC = WC. Cp. ∆T
= 59,802 Kg/hr x 4,179 KJ/Kg.K (306,7-292,4)K
= 3.573,749KJ/hr
Q LOSS = QH – QC
= -2.182,763 KJ/hr - 3573,749 KJ/hr
= -5.756,512 KJ/hr
= 19,5035
I n n e r p i p e A n n u l u s
e. Re p Re a
T = 116,960F T = 79,790F
𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏
2,42 .ℎ𝑟 2,42 .ℎ𝑟
𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
µp = 0,6 cp x µa = 0,9cp x
1 𝑐𝑝 1 𝑐𝑝
= 1,452 lb/ft.hr = 2,178 lb/ft.hr
𝐷𝑝.𝐺𝑝 𝐷𝑎.𝐺𝑎
Rep = Rea =
µ𝑝 µ𝑎
0,0518 ft x 249185,3452 lb/f𝑡2.hr 0,0393 ft x 82400,5662 lb/f𝑡2.hr
= 𝑙𝑏 = 𝑙𝑏
1,452 .ℎ𝑟 2,178 .ℎ𝑟
𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡
g. MenghitungbilanganPrandlt MenghitungbilanganPrandlt
T = 116,960F T = 79,790F
Interpolasinilai k Interpolasinilai k
T ( 0 F ) k (Btu/ft 2 .hr)( 0 F/ft) T ( 0 F ) k (Btu/ft 2 .hr)( 0 F/ft)
8 6 0 , 3 5 6 3 2 0 , 3 3
1 1 6 , 9 6 ? 7 8 , 8 9 ?
1 4 0 0 , 3 8 1 8 6 0 , 3 5 6
117,77−32 78,89−32
k = 0,33 +( ) (0,356 – 0,33) k = 0,33 +( ) (0,356 – 0,33)
86−32 86−32
= 0,33 + 0,0413 = 0,33 + 0,02258
= 0,3703 Btu/ft2.hr(0F/ft) = 0,3530 Btu/ft2.hr(0F/ft)
h. Menghitung hi Menghitung ho
1 1
𝐽𝐻.𝑘 𝐶.𝜇 3 𝜇 0,14 𝐽𝐻.𝑘 𝐶.𝜇 3 𝜇 0,14
hi = ( ) ho = ( 𝑘 ) 𝜇𝑤
𝐷𝑝 𝑘 𝜇𝑤 𝐷𝑎
55 .0,3703 20 . 0,3530
= (1,5761)(1)0,14 = (1,8331)(1)0,14
0,0518 0,0393
= 619,68 Btu/Kg.ft = 329,30 Btu/Kg.ft
i. Menghitunghio
𝐼𝐷
hio = hi . 𝑂𝐷
0,0518 𝑓𝑡
= 619,68x 0,07 𝑓𝑡
= 458,5632Btu/Kg.ft
= 0,4290
𝜌 air pada suhu 26,55 oC adalah 996,7 kg/m3
ΔFp+ ρ = 62,194 lb/ft3
ΔPp =
144
0,06309+ 61,7136
= 4𝐹 .𝐺𝑎2 .𝐿
144
ΔFa = 2𝑔 . 𝐷 .𝜌2
= 0,4290
4(0,01981).(82400,52)2 .(4,51)
= 2(4,18 𝑥 108 ).(0,0393).(62,194)2
= 0,01909
𝐺𝑎
𝑉=
3600 . 𝜌
82400,52
=
3600 . 62,194
= 0,3680
𝑉2
𝐹𝑡 =
2𝑔
0,36802
𝐹𝑡 = = 0,0021
2(32,2)
ΔFa+ Ft
ΔPa = .𝜌
144
0,01909+ 0,0021
= .62,194
144
= 0,00913