1.

A double-pipe heat exchanger is used to cool down engine lubricant oil from a large gas
turbine. The cooling water flow through the inner tube (Di = 25 mm) is 0.2 kg/s, while the oil
flow through the annulus (Do = 45 mm) is 0.1 kg/s. The inlet temperatures are 100 and 30 ºC for
oil and water, respectively. What should be the length of the exchanger to obtain an oil
temperature at the outlet of 60 ºC?

Energy balance

q  m h  c p ,h  Th ,i  Th ,o  = 8527 W
annulus inner tube
Engine oil water
Fluid Hot Cold
Tin (ºC) 100 30

q  m c  c p ,c  Tc ,o  Tc ,i 
Tout (ºC) 60
m (kg/s) 0.1 0.2 Tc,o = 40.2 ºC
Tav (ºC) 80 35.1
Tav (K) 353.2 308.3

Physical Properties
 (kg/m3) 851.9 993.7
q  U  A·Tlm
cp(j/kg.K) 2131.8 4178
 (N.s/m2) 0.032272 0.00072016
Pr 497.68 4.8172 Driving force
k(W/m.K) 0.138 0.62528
1. A double-pipe heat exchanger is used to cool down engine lubricant oil from a large gas
turbine. The cooling water flow through the inner tube (Di = 25 mm) is 0.2 kg/s, while the oil
flow through the annulus (Do = 45 mm) is 0.1 kg/s. The inlet temperatures are 100 and 30 ºC for
oil and water, respectively. What should be the length of the exchanger to obtain an oil
temperature at the outlet of 60 ºC?
Driving force
q  U  A·Tlm T1  T2
annulus inner tube
Tlm 
Fluid
Engine oil
Hot
water
Cold ln  T1 T2 
Tin (ºC) 100 30
Tout (ºC) 60 40.2
m (kg/s) 0.1 0.2
Tav (ºC) 80 35.1 Th,in
Tav (K) 353.2 308.3

Tc,out Th,out
Physical Properties
r (kg/m3) 851.9 993.7
cp(j/kg.K) 2131.8 4178
m (N.s/m2) 0.032272 0.00072016 Tc,in
Pr 497.68 4.8172 T1
k(W/m.K) 0.138 0.62528
T2

Counterflow: dT1=100‐40.2=59.8K; dT2=60‐30=30K; LMTD=43.2K

+8%!!!
Parallel flow: dT1=100‐30=70K; dT2=60‐40.2=19.8K; LMTD=39.8K
U??? Inner tube (water): Forced convection, internal flow

VD mD
ReD   = 14144 Turbulent: Dittus‐Boelter
 Across  

Nu D  0.023  ReD4 5  Pr n = 0.023*(9.78e4^0.8)*(4.817^0.4) = 90.2

Nu = h*D/k ‐> h = 90.2*0.625/0.025 = 2256.5 W/m2.K

Outer tube (oil): Forced convection, internal flow, annulus geometry

Dh = Do‐Di = 0.045‐0.025= 0.02m; Across = *(Do^2‐Di^2)/4 = 0.0011m2
VD mD
ReD   = 56.4 Laminar
 Across  
Di/Do=0.555
Nu(i) = 5.65
Nu(i) = h*Dh/k ‐> h = 39.0 W/m2.K
U??? neglected

1 1 1 1 R f ,i R f ,0 1
   Rtot    Rwall  
UA U i Ai U 0 A0 hi  Ai Ai A0 h0 A0

0.0001 0.0009
Fouling
Rf,i 0.0001m2.K/W
Rf,o 0.0009m2.K/W
1/hi 0.0004m2.K/W
hi = 2256.5W/m2.K
1/ho 0.0256m2.K/W ho = 39.0 W/m2.K
U 36.92W/m2.K

U = 36.92 W/m2.K

q  U  A·Tlm
L = 68.1 m
A = *Di*L
Parallel flow???
LMTD=39.8K
U = 36.92 W/m2.K

L = 74 m (+8.7%!)