3 A 1-2 exchanger is to be used for heating 100,000 lb/hr of methyl ethyl ketone

from 100 to 200°F using hot amyl alcohol available at 250°F cooled to 210°F.
Design 1-2 Shell and Tube HE for that duty. Use 1 in. OD, 16 BWG tubes
16'0" long and laid out on 5/4-in. square pitch, and baffles are spaced 5 in.
apart.
ILLUSTRATION

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
k µ Cp
Btu/hr. ft.oF centipoise Btu/lb.oF
amyl alcohol 0,073 0,5 0,689
methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) 0,078 0,256 0,561

FLUID
Hot Stream : Amyl Alcohol
T1 250 oF
T2 210 oF
k 0,072942236 Btu/hr. ft.oF
µ 1,21 lb/hr.ft
Cp 0,689 Btu/lb.oF
Cold stream : MEK
w 100.000 lb/hr
t1 100 oF
t2 200 oF
k 0,077967985 Btu/hr. ft.oF
µ 0,618782299 lb/hr.ft
Cp 0,561 Btu/lb.oF

Tc dan tc
𝑇1 + 𝑇2
𝑇𝑐 =
2
Tc 225 oF
𝑡1 + 𝑡2
𝑡𝑐 =
2
tc 155 oF
 EXCHANGER
Shell side
ID ? in.
Baffle Space 5 in.
Passes 1
Tube side
Number ?
Length 16 ft
OD 1 in
BWG 16
pitch 1 1/4 -in.square
Passes 2
c' 1/4 in

1 TRIAL UD
Tabel 8 Kern
Ud trial 57,5 Btu/hr.ft^2oF

a. Heat Balance
𝑞 = 𝑊 × 𝐶𝑝 × 𝑇1 − 𝑇2 = 𝑤 × 𝐶𝑝(𝑡2 − 𝑡1)
q 5.608.180,61 Btu/hr
W 203.489,86 lb/hr

b. True Δt

T1
t2
T2

Hot Fluid Cold Fluid Diff.

250 Higher Temp 200 50 (T1 - t2)
210 Lower Temp 100 110 (T2 - t1)
40 Diffrerences 100 -60 (Δt2 - Δt1)
(T1- T2) (t2 - t1)
∆𝑡2 − ∆𝑡1
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =
∆𝑡2
ln ∆𝑡1
LMTD 76,098 oF
𝑇1 − 𝑇2
𝑅=
𝑡2 − 𝑡1
R 0,40
𝑡2 − 𝑡1
𝑠=
𝑇1 − 𝑇2
S 0,67
Ft 0,88 (Fig.18 Kern)
true Δt 66,97 oF
c. Surface Area (A)
𝑞 = 𝑈𝑑 × 𝐴 × 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 ∆𝑡
𝑞
𝐴=
𝑈𝑑 × 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 ∆𝑡
A 1456,459578 ft^2

2 ACTUAL A
a. Nt standar
𝐴 = 𝑎′′ × 𝑁𝑡 × 𝐿
𝐴
𝑁𝑡 = ′′
𝑎 ×𝐿
a'' 0,2618 ft^2/ft (tabel 10 Kern)
Nt 347,703
Tabel 9 Kern
Nt standar 398 tubes
IDs 31 in

b. A aktual
𝐴 𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 = 𝑎′′ × 𝑁𝑡 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟 × 𝐿
A aktual 1667,1424 ft^2

3 Rd MIN.
Tabel 12 Kern
Rd i 0,001
Rd o 0,001
Rd min. 0,002

4 RD HITUNG
a. Shell side (hot stream) Amyl Alcohol
Flow area (As)

As 0,34 ft^2
Mass vel. (Ga)

Gs 604.955,67 lb/hr.ft^2
Nilai Re

De 0,99 in (fig. 28)

0,0825 ft
Re s 41.246,98 (turbulen)
Nilai ho

jH 130 (fig. 28)

ho/Φs 258,91 Btu/hr.ft^2oF
b. Tube side (cold stream) MEK
Flow area (at)

at' 0,594 in^2 (tabel 10)

Nt 398 tube
n 2 passes
at 0,820875 ft^2
Mass vel. (Gt)

Gt 121.821,23 lb/hr.ft^2
Nilai Re

D 0,87 in
0,0725 ft
Re t 14.273,26 (turbulen)
Nilai hi

L/D 220,6896552
jH 50 (fig. 24)
hi/Φt 88,44965906 Btu/hr.ft^2oF
Nilai hio

ID 0,87 in
OD 1 in
hio/Φt 76,95 Btu/hr.ft^2oF

c. tube wall temp. (tw)

tw 208,9617269 oF
Tube side
µw 0,482 lb/hr.ft
µ/µw 1,29
Φt = (µ/µw)^0,14 1,05 (tabel 24 Kern)
hio koreksi

hio 80,79876355 Btu/hr.ft^2oF

Shell side
µw 1,452 lb/hr.ft
µ/µw 0,83
Φs = (µ/µw)^0,14 0,95 (tabel 24 Kern)
ho koreksi

ho 245,9615693 Btu/hr.ft^2oF
d. Nilai Uc

Uc 60,81947128 Btu/hr.ft^2oF

e. Nilai Ud
Surface/lin.ft (a'') (tabel 10)
a'' 0,2618 ft^2/ft
Total surface (A)
𝐴 = 𝑁𝑡 × 𝐿 × 𝑎"
A 1667,1424 ft^2

Ud 50,23351678 Btu/hr.ft^2oF

f. Dirt factor (Rd)

Rd 0,003464925
Rd min 0,002
HE sesuai untuk proses.
PANDUAN
1. Trial Ud (Tabel Kern)
=> menghitung A
2. Spek tube
=> menghitung Nt
3. Nt standar pipa
=> tabel 9 Kern
=> IDs
4. A aktual
5. Rd min (tabel 12 Kern)
6. Penentuan
=> Rd > Rd min, sesuai
=> Rd < Rd min, Ganti Nt standar

Sifat fisis
Tc 225 oF = 380,37222 K
tc 155 oF = 341,48333 K
tw 208,9617269 oF = 371,46207 K

K (W/m.K)= A + B*T + C*T^2 T (K)

No Name Formula MW A B C
2971 2-methyl-1-butanol C5H12O 88,15 2,1380E-01 -1,0010E-04 #########
2886 methyl ethyl ketone C4H8O 72,107 1,9590E-01 -5,6663E-05 #########
konversi = 0,578176
K (W/m.K) K (Btu/hr. ft.oF)
0,126 0,073
0,135 0,078

log10(μ liq) = A + B/T + C*T + D*T^2

μ liq (cP) T (K)
Name Formula MW A B C
2971 2-methyl-1-butanol C5H12O 88,15 -13,382 2,52E+03 0,0243

2886 methyl ethyl ketone C4H8O 72,107 -0,8761 2,93E+02 -0,002

D log10(μ liq) μ liq

####### -0,265 0,544 tc
-0,194 0,640 tw
####### -0,592 0,256 tc
-7,01E-01 0,199 tw

Cp liq =A+B*T+C*(T^2)+D*(T^3) Cp (J/(mol K)) (T=K)

No Name Formula A B C D
2891 2-methyl-1-butanol C5H12O 109,861 0,8826 -2,6422E-03 3,3415E-06
3440 methyl ethyl ketone C4H8O 61,406 0,7532 -2,3814E-03 3,2240E-06
konversi = 0,0002388
Cp (J/(mol K))
Cp (J/(kg K)) Cp (Btu/lb.oF)
######### 2,8040E+03 0,67
######### 2,3480E+03 0,561
Overall Ud (tabel 8 Kern)