TUGAS MEKANIKA TANAH BAB 6

NAMA : SELESTIAANUUS DUWIHARMANN

 NPM : 22401008
KELAS/ PROGRAM STUDI : 2022 A/ TEKNIK SIPIL

1. Dik : σx = 100 kN/m2

σy = 400 kN/m2
τ = 50kN/m2
θ = 30˚
Dit :

a. Tegangan Normal
σy +σx σy−σx
σ = + cos 2 θ+τxy sin 2θ
2 2
400+100 400−100
= + cos 2(30)+50 sin 2(30)
2 2
= 250 + 150 (cos 60) + 50 (sin 60)
= 250 + 150 (0,5) + 50 (0,86)
= 250 + 75 + 43
= 368 kN/m2 atau = 368 kPa
b. Tegangan Geser
σy−σx
σ = sin 2 θ−τxy cos 2θ
2
400−100
= sin 2(30)−50 cos 2 ( 30 )
2
= 150 (sin 60) – (-50 cos 60)
 = 150 ( 0,86) + 50 (0,5)
= 129 + 25
= 154 kN/m2 atau kPa
c. Tegangan Utama Maximum

σ1 =
σy +σx
2
+ (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+τ 2 xy

=
400+100
2
+ (√ 400−100
2 ) 2+(50)2

= 250 + √ 25.000
= 250 + 158,114
= 408, 114 kN/m2 atau kPa
d. Tegangan Utama Minimum

σ1 =
σy +σx
2
− (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+ τ 2 xy

=
400+100
2
− (√ 400−100
2 ) 2+(50) 2

= 250 + √ 25.000
= 91,886 kN/m2 atau kPa

2. Dik : σx = 210 kN/m2

σy = 50 kN/m2
τ = 50kN/m2
θ = 45˚
a. Tegangan Normal
σy +σx σy−σx
σ = + cos 2 θ+τxy sin 2θ
2 2
50+210 50−210
= + cos 2(45)+50 sin 2(45)
2 2
= 130+ (-80) (cos 90) + 50 (sin 90)
= 130 – 80 (0) + 50 (1)
= 130 - 0 + 50
= 180 kN/m2 atau = 180 kPa
b. Tegangan Geser
 σy−σx
σ = sin 2 θ−τxy cos 2θ
2
50−210
= sin 2(45)−50 cos 2 ( 45 )
2
= (-80) (sin 90) – 50 cos 90
= -80 ( 1) + 50 (0)
= -80 + 0
= -80 kN/m2 atau kPa
c. Tegangan Utama Maximum

σ1 =
σy +σx
2
+ (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+τ 2 xy

=
50+210
2
+ (√ 50−210
2 )2+(50) 2

= 130 + √ 8900
= 130 + 94,33
= 224,33 kN/m2 atau kPa
d. Tegangan Utama Minimum

σ1 =
σy +σx
2
− (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+ τ 2 xy

=
50+210
2
− (√ 50−210
2 ) 2+(50) 2

= 130 + √ 8900
= 224,33 kN/m2 atau kPa
3. Dik : σx = 60 lb/in2
σy = 20 lb/in2
τ = 18 lb/in2
θ = 20˚
a. Tegangan normal
σy +σx σy−σx
σn = + cos 2 θ+τxy sin 2θ
2 2
20+60 20−60
= + cos 2(20)+18 sin 2(20)
2 2
= 40 + (-20) (cos 40) + 18 (sin 40)
 = 40 + (-20) (0,76) + 18 (0,86)
= 40 + -15,2 + 15,48
= 40,28 kN/m2 atau kPa
b. Tegangan geser
σy−σx
τxy = sin 2 θ−τxy cos 2θ
2
20−60
= sin 2 (20 )−18 cos 2 ( 20 )
2
= -20 (sin 40) – (18 cos 40)
= -20 ( 0,64) + 18 (0,76)
= 12,8 – 13,68
= -26,48 kN/m2 atau kPa
c. Tegangan Utama besar

σ1 =
σy +σx
2
+
√( σy−σx
2 )
2+τ 2 xy

=
60+20
2
+
√( 60−20
2 )
2+18 2

= 40 + √ 724
= 40 + 26,90
= 66,9 lb/in atau psi
d. Tegangan Utama kecil

σ3 ==
σy +σx
2
− (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+ τ 2 xy

=
60+20
2
− (√ 60−20
2 )
2+18 2

= 40 - √ 724
= 40 - 26,90
= 13,1 lb/in atau psi
 LINGKARAN MOHR
30

20

10

0
σn

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

-10

-20

-30

τxy

4. Dik : σx = 80 lb/in2
σy = 0 lb/in2
τ = 30 lb/in2
θ = 30˚

a. Tegangan Normal
σy +σx σy−σx
σn = + cos 2 θ+τxy sin 2θ
2 2
0+80 0−80
= + cos 2(30)+30 sin 2(30)
2 2
= 80 + (-80) (cos 60) + 30 (sin 60)
= 40 + (-20) (0,5) + 30 (0,86)
= 40 + -10 + 25,8
= 55,8 lb/in2 atau psi
b. Tegangan geser
σy−σx
τxy = sin 2 θ−τxy cos 2θ
2
0−80
= sin 2 ( 30 )−30 cos 2 ( 30 )
2
= - 40 (sin 60) – (30 cos 60)
 = - 40 ( 0,86) - 30 (0,5)
= – 34,4 - 15
= - 49,4 lb/in2 atau psi
c. Tegangan Utama Besar

σ1 =
σy +σx
2
+ (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+τ 2 xy

=
0+80
2
+ (√ 0−80
2 )
2+30 2

= 40 + √ 2500
= 40 + 50
= 90 lb/in2 atau psi
d. Tegangan Utama Kecil

σ3 =
σy +σx
2
− (√ σy−σx
2 )
2+ τ 2 xy

=
0+80
2
− (√ 0−80
2 )
2+30 2

= 40 - √ 2500
= 40 - 50
= - 10 lb/¿2 atau psi

LINGKARAN MOHR
30

20

10

0
σn

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

-10

-20

-30
τxy

5. Dik q = 1000 lb/ft

 X = 4 ft
Z = 6 ft
Dit = Δp…..?
Jawab :
Perhatikan Gambar 6.8 a di bawah ini

2 qz 3
Δp =
π ( x 2+ z 2 ) 2
2(1000)(6) 3
=
3 ,14 ( ( 4 ) 2+(6)2 ) 2
432000
=
3 ,14 (2704)
= 50,88 lb/ft2

6. Dik q = 15 kN/m
X =2m
Z =2m
Dit = Δp…..?
Jawab :
2 qz 3
Δp =
π ( x 2+ z 2 ) 2
2(15)(2)3
=
3 ,14 ( ( 2 ) 2+(2)2 ) 2
432000
=
3 ,14 (64)
 = 1,19 kN/m2 atau kPa

7. Dik q1 = 20 kN/m
q2 = 30 kN/m
x1 =2m
x2 =5m
z = 1,5 m
Dit = Δp?
Jawab =
Perhatikan gambar P6.7

2 qz 3
Δp1 =
π ( x 2+ z 2 ) 2
2(20)(1 ,5)3
=
π ( (2)2+(1, 5)2 ) 2

135
=
122, 65
= 1,1 kN/m2 atau kPa
2 qz 3
Δp2 =
π ( x 2+ z 2 ) 2
2(30)(1 , 5)3
=
3 ,14 ((5)2+(1 , 5)2 ) 2

202 ,5
=
2331 ,6
= 0,087 kN/m2 atau kPa
Δp = Δp1 + Δp2 = 1,1 + 0,087 = 1,187 kN/m2

8. Dik B = 10 ft
 q = 2000 lb/ft2
x = 8 ft
z = 8 ft
Dit = Δp?
Jawab :

Perhatikan gambar 6.10

{ [ [ ( )] ]
q z z Bz [ ( x ) 2−( z ) 2−( B ) 2/4 ]
tan−1 −tan−1 −
Δp = π B
x−( ) x+
B [ ( x ) 2+ ( z ) 2−( B ) 2/4 ] + ( B ) 2 ( z ) 2
2 2

=
2000
{ tan -1[
8
10
−tan -1
[ 8 −
10(8)( ( 8 ) 2−( 8 ) 2− ( (104) 2 ))
3 ,14 8−( ) 10 ¿¿
2 8+( )
2
= 636,9 {69,47-31,61 + 0,308}
= 24.309,1992 lb/ft2

9. Dik B =2m
q = 7000 kN/m2
x =2m
z = 2,5 m
Dit = Δp?
Jawab :
 Perhatikan gambar 6.6

Δp =

{ [ [ ( )] ]
q z z Bz [ ( x ) 2−( z ) 2−( B ) 2/4 ]
tan−1 −tan−1 −
π B
x−( ) x+
B [ ( x ) 2+ ( z ) 2−( B ) 2/4 ] + ( B ) 2 ( z ) 2
2 2

=
7000
3 ,14
{ tan -1
[
2
2
2−( )
−tan -1
[ 2
−
2 (2 ,5)( ( 2 ) 2−( 2 , 5 ) 2−
( 2) 2
4 ( )
)
2 2+(2/2) ¿¿

= 2229,3 {63,435-30,964 + 0,292}

= 70.038,56 kN/m2 atau kPa

10. Dik = P = 25 kN
x = y = z = 1,5 m
r = √ ( x ) 2+ ( y ) 2
= √ ( 1 ,5 ) 2+ ( 1 , 5 ) 2
=√ 4 ,5
= 2,12 m

Dit = Δp?
Jawab :
Perhatikan gambar 6.6
 1
p 3
Δp = {
(Z ) 2 2 π
.
[( ) ]
r
z
2+1 5/2
}

= 16,67 {(0,477)(0,06435)}
= 0,51 kN/m2 atau kPa

11. Dik = P = 1800 lb

X = 2 ft
y = 3 ft
z = 4 ft
r = √ ( x ) 2+ ( y ) 2
= √ ( 2 ) 2+ ( 3 ) 2
=√ 13
= 3,6 ft2
Dit = Δp?
Jawab :
1
p 3
Δp = {
(Z ) 2 2 π
.
[( ) ]
r
z
2+1 5/2
}

1
1880 3
= {
( 4 ) 2 2(3 , 14)
.
([ 34, 6 ) 2+1] 5/2 }
= 450 {(0,477)(1/4,41)}
= 48,797 lb/ft2

12. Dik R = 8 ft
q = 2500 lb/ft2
z = 10 ft
Dit = Δp?
Jawab :
1
{1− ¿}
Δp =q R
z [( ) ]
2+1 3/2 ¿

1
{1− ¿}
= 2500
[( ) ]
8
10
2+1 3/2 ¿
 1
=2500{1- }
(1 , 64)3 /2
= 2500 (1 – 0,475)
= 1310 lb/ft2

13. Dik R =3m

q = 160 kN/m2
z = 4,5 m
Dit = Δp?
Jawab :
1
{1− ¿}
Δp =q R
z [( ) ]
2+1 3/2 ¿

1
{1− ¿}
= 160
[( ) ]
3
4 ,5
2+1 3 /2 ¿

1
=160{1- }
1, 4
= 160 (1 – 0,7143)
= 45,712 kN/m2 atau kPa

14. Dik = L = 10 ft
q = 1800 lb/ft2
z = 5 ft
Dit = ΔP ?
Jawab =
Perhatikan gambar P6.14

a. Untuk A
10 ft
 B 5
m= = =1
Z 5
5 ft
L 10
n= = =2
Z 5
b. Untuk B
(10-4) ft

(5-2) ft

1 2 mn √ m2 +n2 +1 m2 +n 2+2 −1 2mn √ m +n +1

2 2
I2 = [ ( ) + tan ( 2 2 2 2 )
4 π m2+ n2+ m2 n2 +1 m2 +n 2+1 m + n −m n +1

1 2(1)(2) √ 12+22 +1 12+22 +2 −1 2.1.2 √ 1 +2 +1

2 2
= [ 2 2 2 2 ( ) + tan ( 2 2 2 2 )
4 3 , 14 1 +2 + 1 2 +1 12+2 2+1 1 + 2 −1 2 +1

= 6,34

c. Untuk C
10 + 3= 13 ft
m= = =1
B 5
Z 5

L 13
n= = = 2,6
Z 5

1 2 mn √ m2 +n2 +1 m2 +n 2+2 −1 2mn √ m +n +1

2 2
I2 = [ ( ) + tan ( 2 2 2 2 )
4 π m2+ n2+ m2 n2 +1 m2 +n 2+1 m + n −m n +1

1 2(1)(2, 6) √ 12 +2 , 62 +1 12 +2 , 62 +2
= [ 2 ( ) + tan−1(
4 3 , 14 1 +2 ,6 2+1 2 2 , 62 +1 12 +2 , 62 +1
2.1.2 , 6 √ 12+2 , 62 +1
)
12+ 2, 6 2−12 2 , 62 +1

= 6,66

ΔP = q x I 2 = 1800 x 6,66
 ¿ 11.988 lb/fit2

ΔP dititik C = ΔP− ΔP di titik A

= 11.988 – 11.412
❑
= 576 lb/lb