Research department

ARITHMETIC MEAN AND STANDARD

DEVIATION
ARITHMETIC MEAN
 In mathematics and statistics, the arithmetic mean, arithmetic average,
or just the mean or average is the sum of a collection of numbers divided
by the count of numbers in the collection.
 The collection is often a set of results from an experiment, an
observational study, or a survey
 Arithmetic mean is the simplest and most widely used measure of mean
or average
 It simply involves taking the sum of a group of numbers, then dividing
that sum by the count of the numbers used in the series
Example: Take the numbers 34, 44, 56 & 78. The sum is 212
Then 212 divided by 4 is 53
Standard deviation
 The standard deviation is the average amount of variability in your data
set
 It tells you, on average, how far each value lies from the mean
 A high standard deviation means that values are generally far from the
mean, while a low standard deviation indicates that values are clustered
close to the mean
 Standard deviation is a useful measure of spread for normal distributions.
Normal distribution – also known as Gaussian distribution, is a probability
distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the
mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean.
Standard deviation
 In normal distributions, data is symmetrically distributed with no skew.
Skew = neither parallel nor at right angles to a specified or implied
line, change of ddirection
Askew = crooked
 Most values cluster around a central region, with values tapering off as
they go further away from the center.
 The standard deviation tells you how spread out from the center of the
distribution your data is on average.
 In graphical form, the normal distribution appears as a “bell curve”
Normal curve with standard deviation
Calculating standard deviation
Calculating the Standard Deviation (STD) the shortest way:
1. Use excel in your laptop
2. Write the data in the first column consecutively down the column
3. On the next cell type = STD
4. Highlights the data and enter
parameters
Parameters – a numerical characteristic of a population, as distinct from a
static of a sample
 An arbitrary constant whose value characterizes a member of a system (
such as family curves) also; a quantity (such as a mean or variance) that
describes a statistical
 Parameter is a limit that affects how something can be done, and
perimeter is the outline of a physical area
Actual parameters – are the variables that are transferred to the function
when it is requested
 The formal parameters are the values determined by the function that
accepts values when the function is declared
 In actual parameters, only trhe variable is mentioned, not the data types
parameters
Upper limit – is the highest value of the class interval
Lower limit – is the smallest value of the class interval
Weighted Mean Verbal Qualitative
Scale Range Interpretation Description
5 4.51 - 5.00 Strongly agree Excellent
4 3.51 - 4.50 Agree Very good
3 2.51 - 3.50 Moderately agree Good
2 1.51 - 2.50 Slightly agree Fair
1 1.00 - 1.5 Disagree Poor
PROBLEM SET # 3
Make a table indicating the mean, Standard deviation, Verbal Interpretation
and the Qualitative description of the following data in a 5- point scale
Statement Score WM STD VI QD
Data:
Statement 1: Respondent 1 = strongly agree
Respondent 2 = agree
Respondent 3 = strongly agree
Respondent 4 = disagree
parameters
Respondent 5 – agree
Respondent 6 – disagree
Respondent 7 – agree
Respondent 8 - disagree
Respondent 9 - agree
Respondent 10 – strongly agree
Statement 2 Respondent 1 = moderately agree
Respondent 2 = agree
Respondent 3 = strongly agree
Respondent 4 = disagree
Respondent 5 – agree
Respondent 6 – disagree
Respondent 7 – agree
Respondent 8 - disagree
Respondent 9 - moderately agree
Respondent 10 – strongly agree
Statement 3 Respondent 1 - agree
Respondent 2 - moderately agree
Respondent 3 - strongly agree
Respondent 4 - disagree
Respondent 5 - Moderately agree
Respondent 6 – disagree
Respondent 7 – agree
Respondent 8 - disagree
Respondent 9 - moderately agree
Respondent 10 – agree
Statement 4 Respondent 1 = moderately agree
Respondent 2 = agree
Respondent 3 = strongly agree
Respondent 4 = disagree
Respondent 5 – disagree
Respondent 6 – disagree
Respondent 7 – moderately agree
Respondent 8 - disagree
Respondent 9 - moderately agree
Respondent 10 – strongly agree
Statement 5 Respondent 1 = agree
Respondent 2 = agree
Respondent 3 = strongly agree
Respondent 4 = disagree
Respondent 5 – moderately agree
Respondent 6 – disagree
Respondent 7 – moderately agree
Respondent 8 - disagree
Respondent 9 - moderately agree
Respondent 10 – strongly agree