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Review MODULE – HYDRAULICS (Fluid Properties - part 2)

GAS LAWS HYDROSTATIC FORCES ON PLANE SURFACES

SITUATION. A vertical trapezoidal gate with a height of 2m

1. An open-top cylinder 1 m in diameter and 5 m high is to be
submerged in such a way that the open top will be facing
the seawater surface (SG = 1.025). If the depth of the fluid
inside the tank is 19.5 m from the seawater surface, what is
the volume of the air present inside the cylinder?
2. I will travel from my province to a certain urban area through
a hot air balloon. In my province, the temperature is 20°C
and a barometric pressure of 800 mm Hg. I inflated the
balloon using 30 cu. meter of dry air. What will the volume
of air inside the balloon be if I reached the urban area whose
temperature is -10°C and barometric pressure of 650 mm
Hg?
COMPRESSIBILITY AND BULK MODULUS OF
ELASTICITY
and its lower and upper edges are 1m and 3m in length,
respectively. Its upper edge is located 5m below the free
surface of water.
7. Determine the total pressure force.
8. Determine the location of the center of pressure on the
gate below the water surface.
SITUATION. An inverted semicircular gate with radius of 4
feet is installed at 45° with respect to the free water surface.
The top of the gate is 5ft below the water surface in the
vertical direction.
9. Determine the hydrostatic force.
10. Determine the location of the center of pressure on the
gate below the water surface.
11. Determine the depth of the water (d) in the figure that
will cause the gate to open (lay down). The gate is
rectangular and 8 ft. wide. Neglect the weight of the
gate.

3. A liquid is compressed in a cylinder has a volume of

1000 cm3 to 990 cm3 at 2.5 MPa. What is the bulk
modulus of elasticity?

SITUATION 2

At a depth of 10 km in the ocean, the pressure is 82.6 MPa,

Assume a specific weight at the ocean surface of 10.45
kN/m3 and the average bulk modulus of elasticity of 2.34
GPa for that pressure range.

4. Determine the change in specific volume between the

surface and 10 km.
5. Determine the specific volume at 10 km.
6. Determine the specific weight at 10 km.