FACULTY OF CIVIL

ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI
TEKNOLOGI MARA

GROUP ASSESSMENT FOR REPORT

ECG344 – HIGHWAY ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTION: ASSESS THE STUDENT BASED ON THE RUBRIC GIVEN BELOW. ALL QUESTIONS ADDRESS CO2–PO10 (AFFECTIVE)
CO2 : Demonstrate effective communication skills in the design of pavement and NO. STUDENT ID NAME GROUP MARK
traffic study needs 1. AHMAD ZAKIR AZRI BIN AHMAD
PO10 : Communicate effectively on well-defined engineering activities with the 2020858142 PEC1105B2
SHA’ARANI
engineering community and with society at large, by being able to 2020858072 NUR ISMAHANIS BINTI SABRI PEC1105B2
2.
comprehend the work of others, document their own work, and give and
3. 2020890244 SYAFINIE BINTI HAMID PEC1105B2 20
receive clear instructions.

Name of field work : Determination of Aggregate properties- LA Abrasion Test

:
LEVEL OF OPENNESS : 0
AFFECTIVE PERFORMANCE RUBRIC Full Obtaine
Marks d Marks

No CRITERIA PERFORMANCE SCALE

0 1 2 3 4 5
Able to
understand Able to
Unable to instruction and understand
Receiving
understand task given to instruction and
1 2
instruction or the group but task given to the
task given experienced group without
difficulty to delay.
start.
All members 1 or 2 members
were unable were not able to At least 1 member All members
Response to participate participate. was not able to participated
2 3
in group task Late participate in group actively in group
Late submission task. task.
submission.
Able to
Able to organize
organize the Able to organize Able to organize the
Able to organize the content of
Unable to content of the content of content of report
the content of report correctly.
Organization organize the report but few report correctly. excellently. Creative 5
3 report but without Suitable data
report. important Use unsuitable data and correct data
data. presentation
sublines are presentation. presentation used
included.
missing.
FACULTY OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI
TEKNOLOGI MARA
Able to write
Able to write Able to produce
Able to write relevant Able to produce
Unable to discussion/ excellent discussion
relevant discussion. discussion. a good
produce conclusion but and conclusion. Good
Conclusion is Conclusion is discussion and
discussion irrelevant to the recommendations
considered enough considered enough conclusion. 5
4 Generalization and task. Missing included with
to answer the to answer the Relevant
conclusion of either discussion references to other
objective. objective. Few recommendation s
the report. or conclusion. works in the literature.
recommendations are included
are included.
TOTAL MARKS
15

Endorsed by Resource Person

10/10/2021
FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

LAB No Title OEL

1 Determination of vehicles speed - Running Speed Study 1

2 Determination of vehicles speed - Spot Speed Study 1

3 Traffic flow measurement and analysis- Traffic volume 2

4 Traffic flow measurement and analysis- Junction capacity 2

5 Determination of Aggregate properties- Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) Test 0

6 Determination of Aggregate properties- LA Abrasion Test 0

7 Determination of California Bearing Ratio- CBR Test 1

8 Determination of Bitumen Properties- Bitumen Penetration Test 1

9 Determination of Bitumen Properties - Softening Point Test 1

10 Pavement Assessment and Evaluation- Skid Resistance Test 1

11 Pavement Assessment and Evaluation- Sand Patch Test (micro texture test) 1

12 Pavement Assessment and Evaluation- Outflow Meter Test (surface drainage) 1

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
LABORATORY 6

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Level 0 or known as a traditional method of conducting laboratory activities will not be able to provide the avenue
for students to enhance independent learning activities and inculcate creativity and innovation. The traditional
method is fully prescriptive where the three elements namely problem, ways & means and answers are guided/fully
given to the students. However, it is still necessary to be implemented as part of the whole laboratory course
activity especially to first and second year students.

In these laboratory activities, students are required to set-up an aggregate tests in order to evaluate the strength
(toughness and durability) characteristic of aggregate. Students are encouraged to develop their critical analysis
skills by analyzing and presenting the experimental results appropriately.

1.2 OBJECTIVES

The objective of the test is:

1. To determine LA abrasion value of aggregate.

2. To determine the suitability of aggregate use for road construction.

1.3 LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the laboratory activities, students would be able to:

1. Identify the aggregate impact value (strength value of aggregate) of road stone.

2. Analyze the data correctly and present in typical format.

3. Work in a group to produce a technical report.

1.4 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

Aggregates play an important role in the design and construction of highway and air-field pavements. They are also
major part of rigid (concrete) and flexible (asphalt) pavements. The aggregate used in the pavement are subjected to
wearing due to movement of traffic. Aggregates used in road construction should be strong enough to resist
crushing and abrasion action under traffic wheel loads. This applies in particular to aggregate present in wearing
courses and surface treatment. If the aggregate is weak, the stability of pavement structure is likely to be adversely
affected.
Los Angeles abrasion test is to produce abrasive action by use of standard steel balls which when mixed with
aggregates and rotated in a drum for specific number of revolutions to causes impact on aggregate. The test will
give a measure of aggregates hardness, as specified and required for use in both road and highway pavement
construction projects.

©UiTM OCT 2021

 SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
LABORATORY 6

2.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Pavement structure comprises of several layers, surfacing, base, sub-base and sub-grade. The most important layer
which has direct contact with traffic is surfacing layer. The surfacing layer consists of aggregate and binder. The
aggregates must possess adequate strength and durability to withstand moving and static load. Soft aggregates will be
quickly ground to dust while harder aggregates have higher resistance to abrasion and grinding effects. Laboratory
tests are carried out to determine the characteristic of such aggregates.

3.1 APPARATUS

1. Los Angeles Abrasion Machine

2. Steel balls (spheres)
3. Sieve shaker
4. Sieves sizes of 25 mm, 20 mm, 14 mm, 10 mm, 1.7 mm and pan
5. Metal trays
6. Scoops
7. Electronic balance of accuracy to 0.01g
8. Laboratory oven
9. Fine haired brush (3 mm)

3.2 PROCEDURES

1. Approximately 5000g of aggregates including 2500  10g of 20 to 14mm, and 2500  10g of 14 to
10mm sizes are used.
(Note : this is for aggregates graded mainly between 20mm and 10mm sizes).
2. Prepare the aggregates sample in such ways that the aggregates is first washed, followed by dried
and weighted.
3. Place the aggregates sample in the LA Abrasion machine.
4. Add eleven (11) steel balls in the machine.
5. Rotate the drum for 500 revolutions at a speed of 30 to 33 rpm.

6. After the drum has stopped for the prescribed number of revolutions, the sample is removed and the
aggregate portion is sieved using sieve of size 1.70mm (No. 12).
7. The sample that is retained on the sieve is washed and then dried in the laboratory oven at temperature
of between 105 and 110OC for twenty four hours.

8. After a-day oven-dry heating at 105 to 110OC to obtain constant weight, the aggregate sample is taken
out from the oven and it is cooled in the lab atmosphere. Then, weigh the sample immediately to the
nearest 1g (MS 30: Part 11: 1995).

©UiTM OCT 2021

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
LABORATORY 6

3.3 DATA ACQUISITIONS

DATA TABLE

Table 1: Grading of test samples (ASTM, 1994)

Table 2: Grading and mass of charge

©UiTM OCT 2021

 SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
LABORATORY 6
ANALYSIS

The difference between the original weight and the final weight of the test sample is expressed as a percentage of
the original weight of the test sample. This value is reported as the percentage of wear.

Aggregate Abrasion Value = ((A-B)/A) X 100

where,

A = weight in g of oven-dried sample.

B = weight in g of fraction retained on 1.70 mm Sieves after washing and oven- dried up to constant weight.

3.4 RESULTS

DISCUSSIONS

CONCLUSIONS

©UiTM OCT 2021

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
LABORATORY 6

©UiTM OCT 2021