Model Answers -TMA 1

Question 1.

1.

2. In linear operation, the transistor or the element operates in its active region, providing
linear output to input levels. In switching operation, transistor or the element is in
saturated or off state.
Ex, Linear regulators operate in linear region of a transistor, switch mode regulators use switching
devices to achieve the regulation with lower losses.

3.

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 × 200 + 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

200 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 × 20 + 0.2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 = 9.99 𝐴𝐴

In this case you will have to assume the given minimum beta value as beta forced.
9.99 𝐴𝐴
𝐼𝐼𝑏𝑏 = = 0.99 𝐴𝐴
10
𝑉𝑉𝐵𝐵 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 + 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
12 = 0.99 × 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 + 0.75
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 = 11.26 𝑂𝑂ℎ𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝑃𝑃 = 12 𝑉𝑉 × 0.99 𝐴𝐴 = 11.88 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉

4.
Thyristors (SCR) are only Turn on controllable, In the other hand (Gate Turn Off Thyristor (GTO
s) are both Turn ON/OFF controllable but can exhibit high turn off gate current.
A GTO gate drive must fulfill the following functions.
• Turn the GTO on by means of a high current pulse (IGM)
• Maintain conduction through provision of a continuous gate current (IG, also known as
the “back-porch current”).
• Turn the GTO off with a high negative gate current pulse.
• Reinforce the blocking state of the device by a negative gate voltage
Question 2.

1.

2.

Assuming ideal conditions of the rectifier.

Considering a half cycle, (Vd =0)

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝑉𝑉𝑅𝑅 + 𝑉𝑉𝐿𝐿 + 𝐸𝐸

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 sin 𝜃𝜃 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 + 𝐿𝐿 + 𝐸𝐸
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Integrate the earlier function,
Approximate Ans = (845.35+0.429-420*pi)/pi
Approximate Ans = -150 A
Question 3.

1.

When a separately excited motor is excited by a field current of if and an armature current of Ia
flows in the circuit, the motor develops a back emf and a torque to balance the load torque at a
particular speed. The if is independent of the Ia. Each winding is supplied separately. Any change
in the armature current has no effect on the field current. Speed of separately excited dc motor
can be control by changing the armature voltage and changing field flux.

2.

𝑑𝑑𝐼𝐼𝑎𝑎
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 + 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡

𝑑𝑑𝐼𝐼𝑓𝑓
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡

𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 𝐾𝐾𝑣𝑣 × 𝜔𝜔 × 𝐼𝐼𝑓𝑓

3. Ra = 0.4 Ω Rf = 150 Ω Vf = 240 V W = 104.7 Rad/s

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉/𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅

𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟔𝟔 𝑨𝑨

𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 𝐾𝐾𝑣𝑣 × 𝜔𝜔 × 𝐼𝐼𝑓𝑓

𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 = 0.7 × 104.7 × 1.6 V

𝑬𝑬𝑬𝑬 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝑽𝑽

Assuming 100% efficiency

𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐾𝐾𝑣𝑣 × 𝐼𝐼𝑎𝑎 × 𝐼𝐼𝑓𝑓

50 = 0.7 × 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 × 1.6

𝑰𝑰𝑰𝑰 = 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔 𝑨𝑨

𝑑𝑑𝐼𝐼𝑎𝑎
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 + 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 + 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡
𝑑𝑑𝐼𝐼𝑎𝑎
At steady state is 0
𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 44.64 × 0.5 + 117.64 𝑉𝑉 = 140 𝑉𝑉

𝑉𝑉𝑚𝑚
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = (1 + cos ∝)
𝜋𝜋

240 × 1.414
140 = (1 + cos ∝)
𝜋𝜋

cos ∝ = 0.296

∝= 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕. 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕
4.

∝ can vary between 0 and 90.

240 ∗ 1.414
216.076 𝑉𝑉 = (1 + cos 0)
𝜋𝜋

240 ∗ 1.414
108.038 𝑉𝑉 = (1 + cos 90)
𝜋𝜋

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 + 𝐾𝐾𝑣𝑣 × 𝐼𝐼𝑎𝑎 × 𝐼𝐼𝑓𝑓

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼 + 𝐾𝐾𝑣𝑣 × 𝜔𝜔 × 𝐼𝐼𝑓𝑓

𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 − 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
= 𝜔𝜔
𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾 × 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼

W min

108.038 − 44.64 ∗ 0.5

𝜔𝜔 =
0.7 × 1.6

𝝎𝝎 = 𝟕𝟕𝟕𝟕. 𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓 𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹/𝒔𝒔

W Max

216.075 − 44.64 ∗ 0.5

𝜔𝜔 =
0.7 × 1.6

𝝎𝝎 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹𝑹/𝒔𝒔