WEST BENGAL

STUDENTS' MEDICAL
CELL PRESENTS

The West Bengal

University of Health
Sciences

1st Internal Assessment

Batch - 2019-2020 / CBME

SUB – BIOCHEMISTRY
Compiled by :

1. Debapriyo Maiti (1st Prof. MBBS, JIMSH)

2. Aniket Das (2nd Prof. MBBS, KPCMCH)
3. Amritangshu De (1st Prof. MBBS, Msd’MCH)
4. Ankita Dutta (1st Prof. MBBS, Msd’MCH)
5. Tathagata Das (1st Prof. MBBS, ESIC-J’MCH)
6. Vishal Kumar Sinha (2nd Prof. MBBS, CNMCH)
7. Gitanjali Soni (1st Prof. MBBS, BSMCH)
8. Swaraj Sarangi (1st Prof. MBBS, BSMCH)
9. Siddhant Panda (1st Prof. MBBS, IQCMCH)
10. Vishakha Majithia (1st Prof. MBBS, Msd’MCH)
& Mainak Sen (3rd Prof. MBBS Part-1, Msd’MCH) –
Compilation Wing Co-ordinator

Special thanks to –

Dr. Debtanu Banerjee

(Founder and Overall Co-ordinator, WBSMC)
 CARBOHYDRATE, AMINO ACID, PROTEIN
& LIPID CHEMISTRY
MCQ - All of the following are essential amino acids except:
(a) Methionine
(b) Lysine
(c) Arginine
(d) Leucine
(NBMC’19)
MCQ - All of the following amino acids are converted to acetyl CoA, except:
(a) Methionine
(b) Isoleucine
(c) Lysine
(d) Tryptophan
(NBMC’19)
MCQ - Regarding proteoglycans, false is:
(a) Chondroitin sulphate is a GAG
(b) They hold less amount of water
(c) They are made up of sugar & amino acids
(d) They carry charge
(NBMC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following group of proteins assist in the folding of other
proteins?
(a) Proteases
(b) Proteasomes
(c) Templates
(d) Chaperones
(NBMC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following is not a protein misfolding disorder?
(a) Tuberculosis
(b) Creutzfeldt Jakob disease
(c) Alzheimer’s disease
(d) Cystic fibrosis
(NBMC’19)
MCQ - Repeating subunit in collagen triple helix is:
(a) (Glu-X-Y)n
(b) (Asn-X-Y)n
(c) (Trp-X-Y)n
(d) (Gly-X-Y)n
(MsdMC’19)
MCQ - A positive Seliwanoff’s test is obtained with:
(a) Glucose
(b) Fructose
(c) Maltose
(d) Lactose
(MsdMC’19)
MCQ - All statements with regard to biomembranes are true except:
(a) selectively permeable
(b) hydrophobic exterior & hydrophilic interior
(c) lipids bilayer contains phospholipids & cholesterol
(d) carbohydrate residues are located on surface
 (MaMC’19)
MCQ – Glucose-6-Phosphatase is a marker enzyme present in:
(a) cytoplasm
(b) mitochondria
(c) lysosomes
(d) microsomes
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following amino acids has a net positive charge in
physiological pH?
(a) glutamic acid
(b) lysine
(c) valine
(d) leucine
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - At isoelectric pH, amino acids show:
(a) maximum net charge
(b) maximum mobility in electric field
(c) maximum precipitability
(d) minimum buffering action
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following fatty acid is present in surfactant?
(a) palmitic acid
(b) stearic acid
(c) homo-γ-linoleic acid
(d) arachidonic acid
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - All of the following are involved in PDH reaction except:
(a) TPP
(b) Biotin
(c) NAD+
(d) FAD
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - Hydrolysis of fat by alkali is called:
a. esterification
b. saponification
c. mutarotation
d. alkylation
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - All the following are substrate for gluconeogenesis except:
(a) palmitic acid
(b) lactic acid
(c) alanine
(d) glycerol
(MaMC’19)
MCQ – The phenomenon of reverse cholesterol transport is present in relation to
the metabolism of which of the following lipoprotein:
a. LDL cholesterol
b. VLDL cholesterol
c. HDL cholesterol
d. Chylomicrons
(CNMC’19)
MCQ – Which of the following is an epimer of glucose?
a. Galactose
b. Mannose
c. Both a & b
d. Only a
(CNMC’19)
MCQ – The relationship between triglyceride & serum HDL in blood is:
a. Directly proportional to each other
b. Inversely proportional to each other
c. Not related to each other
d. Shows relationship to each other only at very high concentration only
(CNMC’19)
MCQ – A particular point mutation results in disruption of α helical structure in
segment of the mutant protein. The most likely change in the primary structure of
the mutant protein is:
a. Glutamate to aspartate
b. Lysine to arginine
c. Valine to alanine
d. Methionine to proline
(IPGME&R’19)
MCQ – Which of the following statements best describes glucose?
a. It is C-4 epimer of galactose
b. It is a ketose & usually exists as furanose ring form
c. It is produced by action of α amylase
d. It is utilized in the biological system only in L-isomeric form
(IPGME&R’19)
MCQ – Which of the following is an ω-3 fatty acid?
a. Linolenic acid
b. Linoleic acid
c. Arachidonic acid
d. All of the above
(IPGME&R’19)
MCQ – Which of the following is the glycosaminoglycan present in the cartilage,
cornea & horny structures formed in dead cells?
a. Keratan sulphate
b. Chondroitin sulphate
c. Dermatan sulphate
d. Hyaluronic acid
(IPGME&R’19)
MCQ – Fluoride used in the collection of blood sample for glucose estimation
inhibits the enzyme:
(a) Glucokinase
(b) Hexokinase
(c) Enolase
(d) Glucose-6-Phosphatase
(NBMC’19)
MCQ – Intramolecular hydrogen bond act as stabilizing forces in which of the
following protein structure?
a. α helix structure
b. β pleated sheet formation
c. In both α helix & β pleated sheet
d. In the loops of super secondary structures
(CNMC’19)
MCQ - Rothera’s test is utilized for detection of:
(a) Glucose
(b) Proteins
(c) Acetoacetate
(d) β-hydroxy butyrate
(NBMC’19)
MCQ – CPT-I is low in which of the following conditions:
a. Fasting state
b. Fed state
c. Same in both fasting & fed state
d. In presence of CPT-II
(CNMC’19)
MCQ – During transport, iron is bound to which of the following transporter
proteins:
a. Ceruloplasmin
b. Transferrin
c. Ferritin
d. Albumin
(CNMC’19)
MCQ - Bonds responsible for α helix structure of protein are:
a. H-bond
b. Covalent –bond
c. Hydrophobic bond
d. All of these
(DHMC’19)
MCQ - Positive Hopkin-Cole test is given by:
a. Histidine
b. Tryptophan
c. Tyrosine
d. Aspartate
(ICARE’19), (COMK’19)
MCQ - The following GAG doesn’t contain uronic acid:
a. Hyaluronic acid
b. Chondroitin sulphate
c. Dermatan sulphate
d. Keratan sulphate
(DHMC’19)
MCQ - In comparing the α helix and β sheet which statement is correct only for the
β sheet:
a. Extensive hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen (C-O) and the amide
hydrogen (N-H) of the peptide bond are formed
b. It may be found in typical globular protein
c. It stabilizes by interchain hydrogen bonds
d. It is an example of the secondary structure
e. It may be found in super secondary structure
(DHMC’19)
MCQ – Saponification number of fats is a measure of:
a. molecular weight
b. unsaturation
c. volatile fatty acid content
d. solubility
(ICARE’19)
MCQ - A phosphoglyceride molecule has all of the following in 3rd position
except:
a. Serine
b. Tyrosine
c. Choline
d. Ethanolamine
(RamMC’19)
MCQ - Fluoride makes the inhibition of glycolytic pathway by:
a. competitive
b. uncompetitive
c. noncompetitive
d. none
(RamMC’19)
MCQ - Corneal clouding is feature of all except:
a. Hurler’s disease
b. Hunter’s disease
c. Sly syndrome
d. Congenital glaucoma
(CGMC’19)
MCQ - Followings are features of peptide bond except:
a. It is double helical in nature
b. It is coplanar
c. It is trans in character
d. rotation of movement between O=C-N-H bond is restricted
(CGMC’19)
MCQ - All of the followings are features of invert sugar except:
a. Fructose is known as invert sugar
b. Initially it is dextrorotatory but finally levorotatory
c. The term invert sugar is named for alteration of optical rotation
d. It is sweeter than sucrose
(CGMC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following statement is true?
a. Raffinose is a reducing sugar
b. Fructose is a reducing sugar
c. Inulin is a trisaccharide
d. Sucrose is a non-reducing disaccharide
(CGMC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following statement is true?
a. β chain of Hb has 153 amino acids
b. HbF contains 2 α chains & 2 β chains
c. HbS contains lysine residue instead of glutamic acid at position 5 of β chain
d. P50 of Hb is 20 mmHg
(CGMC’19)
Fill in:
a. Methionine is sulphur containing ____ amino acid
b. Homocysteine is ____ amino acid
c. In Ramachandran plot angle φ is between ___ & ___
d. In Ramachandran plot angle ѱ is between ___ & ___
e. Millon’s test is given positive by ____
(COMK’19)
Classify the complex lipids with example & biological importance
 [(4+3+3)] (MCK’19)
i. Briefly discuss different types of isomerism of carbohydrates
ii. What are GAGs?
iii. Mention physiological & clinical importance of different GAGs
[5+2+5] (NRS’19)
i. Classify glycolipids
ii. Discuss briefly that membrane fluidity is controlled by fatty acid composition &
cholesterol content
[3+6] (NRS’19), (IPGME&R’19)
i. Classify lipoproteins
ii. Discuss the metabolism of LDL
iii. What is lipoprotein (a) & what is its effect?
[4+7+4] (KPC’19)
Classify protein on the basis of their biological functions & structures & give one
example of each protein
[5] (SRIMS’19), (CGMC’19)
i. Define mucopolysaccharides
ii. Discuss its properties & types
[3+7] (KPC’19), (ICARE’19)
i. Mentions the reagents used for the oxidative and reductive cleavage of a
disulfide linkage during sequencing
ii. Mention the reagents used for the determination of the N terminal and the C
terminal of the amino acids
[2+(2+2)] (RaiMC’19)
a. Enumerate the enzymes for carbohydrate digestion
b. How glucose, fructose and galactose being transported across the intestinal
epithelium? (schematic presentation)
c. Enumerate the enzymes for lipid digestion
d. How lipids being digested and absorbed through intestinal epithelium?
(schematic presentation)
[3+3+3+3] (RamMC’19)
Describe isoelectric focusing
[3] (MaMC’19)
Name the ring present in cholesterol. Name the compounds having this ring. Write
the importance of cholesterol in human system
[3] (JIMS’19)
Write a note on micelles & bilayers
[2] (JIMS’19)
Draw the structure of tyrosine
[1] (ICARE’19)
i. “Gluconeogenesis is not the simple reversal of glycolysis.” Justify the statement
giving reactions
ii. Describe the reciprocal regulation of glycolysis & neoglucogenesis
iii. Describe how galactose is converted to glucose
[5+5+5] (MaMC’19)
i. Describe the gluconeogenesis pathway
ii. Describe the role of hormones regulating this pathway
[3+3] (ICARE’19)
What are phospholipids? Classification & functions / biological importance of
phospholipids with example
[8]
(ESIC-J’19), (SRIMS’19), (JIMS’19), (IPGME&R’19), (CNMC’19), (NRS’19),
(RaiMC’19)
i. Enumerate the enzymes for glycolysis (chronologically)
ii. How many ATP form in a RBC out of glycolysis?
[2+1] (RamMC’19)
i. Mention the specific role of phospholipids in maintaining fluidity of plasma
membrane
ii. Mention the role of lecithin as a surfactant and its clinical implication
iii. Mention the name and structure of phospholipid involved in apoptosis
[4+3+2] (RaiMC’19)
i. Describe the various isomers of glucose
ii. Classify polysaccharides
[7+3] (BMC’19)
Enumerate the steps of prostanoid synthesis
[7] (IPGME&R’19)
(i) Classify heteropolysaccharides
(ii) Mention 5 differences between glycoprotein & proteoglycan
(iii) Enumerate the biochemical composition of different blood group substances
(iv) What do you mean by NANA (Sialic acid in humans)?
(v) State briefly its role as receptor in humans
[2+5+2+2+2]
(MsdMC’19), (CNMC’19), (NRS’19), (IPGME&R’19)
i. Describe the pathway for metabolism of HDL cholesterol in humans
ii. Explain atherogenic lipid profile & it’s clinical importance
[6+(2+2)] (CNMC’19)
Define stereoisomerism & describe different stereoisomers of glucose
[(3+7)]
(BSMC’19), (CNMC’19), (RaiMC’19)
i. Enumerate the components of extracellular matrix
ii. Discuss about primary, secondary, tertiary & quaternary structure with diagram
of any of them
iii. Mention three diseases related to it
[3+9+3] (MiMC’19)
i. Define compound lipid
ii. Classify compound lipid with appropriate examples
iii. Describe how phospholipase A1, phospholipase A2, phospholipase C act on
glycerophospholipids
[2+5+3] (MiMC’19)
i. Describe the various post translational modifications which occurs in newly
synthesized collagen molecules & discuss in details any 1 of them
ii. Briefly explain the role of vitamin C in the proper synthesis of collagen
iii. Briefly discuss about any 1 disease caused by deficient post transcriptional
modification of collagen
[9+3+3]
(RGK’19), (NRS’19), (RaiMC’19)
Describe synthesis & functions of three biologically important eicosanoids from
arachidonic acids
[(3+3)] (MaMC’19)
Write the types of glycosidic bonds. Write example of (α1-β2), (β1-β4) & (α1-α4)
glycosidic linkages
[3] (JIMS’19)
i. Discuss the structure of collagen
ii. Name the disease occurring due to mutation of type IV collagen
[5+2] (RaiMC’19)
Write the composition & the function of cerebrosides & ganglioside
[3] (JIMS’19)
i. Compare and contrast the differences between collagen and elastin
ii. Name the GAGs which is a part of the extracellular matrix
iii. State the repeating disaccharide units of those GAGs
[5+2+3] (COMSD’19)
i. Give the steps of glycolysis with a flow chart
ii. Mention the regulatory enzymes with their mechanisms of regulation
iii. How many ATPs are produced from 1 molecule of glucose by anaerobic &
aerobic pathways?
[4+3+3] (NBMC’19)
i. Classify amino acids according to their chemical structures
ii. Describe their role in formation of different protein structures
[5+5] (CNMC’19)
i. Enumerate the structural level of organisation of protein molecule / Describe the
various orders of structure of proteins
ii. What are bonds stabilizing the different levels of structure? / Mention the
stabilizing forces for each structure
iii. Explain briefly supersecondary structure / motif
iv. Compare the structural properties & functional differences of keratin, Hb & Mb
v. Enumerate briefly the O2 binding sites of Hb & role of distal & proximal
histidine in it
[5+3+4+6+4]
(MsdMC’19), (ESIC-J’19), (NBMC’19), (JIMS’19), (COMK’19), (SRIMS’19),
(RGK’19), (MaMC’19), (ICARE’19), (RaiMC’19)
i. What is meant by Bohr’s effect?
ii. How does it help in the O2 transport of Hb?
iii. What is the allosteric role of 2,3 BPG with respect to Hb?
[3+5+3]
 (RGK’19), (NRS’19)
i. What is a protein?
ii. Mention the salient features of different levels of protein structure
iii. Outline the procedure / steps to determine the primary structure of a peptide /
monomeric protein
[2+6+10]
(NBMC’19), (ICARE’19), (DHMC’19), (RaiMC’19)
i. Describe the structure - function relationship of proteins with example
ii. State salient features of Ramachandran's plot
[6+2] (RGK’19)
i. With an illustrative diagram, write how Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA) enter
mitochondria from cytoplasm
ii. Write the mechanism of fat emulsification in small intestine
[6+3] (COMK’19)
i. How calcium can activate glycogen degradation in muscle?
ii. Briefly describe the mechanism of arsenic poisoning related to carbohydrate
metabolism
iii. What is Pasteur effect?
[4+6+3] (COMK’19)
With an illustrative diagram, describe α helix & β pleated sheet
[(3+3)] (COMK’19)
Discuss how primary structure of protein dictates it’s tertiary structure in context
of Mb
[8] (NRS’19)
What information do we get from protein sequencing?
[2] (ICARE’19)
i. With a flowchart, explain how the metabolism of glycogen is reciprocally
regulated
ii. Write a note on Von Gierke’s disease
[7+3] (IQC’19)
i. Write down the principle of electrophoresis
ii. Illustrate with diagram the electrophoretic separation of serum protein indicating
the significance of each separated bond
[3+4] (DHMC’19)
Describe the principles of different forms of chromatography and indicate their
role in clinical diagnosis
[7] (DHMC’19)
i. State the reasons for the difference of affinity towards O2 for HbA and HbF
ii. Mention the name of a point mutation disease and the molecular defect
[3+2.5] (RaiMC’19)
Draw the structure of:
a. Lactose
b. Lecithin
c. α ketoglutarate
[3] (ICARE’19)
CS - A girl child is admitted in the hospital with complaints of fever with recurrent
pain in her arms & legs, examinations and laboratory diagnosis show jaundice and
anemia, serum electrophoresis shows slow moving Hb than HbA in
electrophoretogram which is identified as HbS
a. Mention the structural differences between the HbA & HbS
b. Describe the structural organisation of Hb
[2+4] (COMSD’19)
CS - A 2-year-old baby with delayed developmental milestones came to paediatric
OPD. On radiographic examination both renomegaly & hepatomegaly were seen.
fasting BG level was 50mg/dl, uric acid 10mg/dl, lactic acid 15mg/dl & cholesterol
300mg/dl.
a. What is your diagnosis?
b. What is the deficient enzyme here?
[1+1] (COMK’19)
CS - A 6-year-old child with night blindness & deafness came to paediatric OPD &
his mother complained that he was too weak to play outdoor games. During history
taking, there is dietary history suggesting frequent intake of milk, ruminant fat &
meat. On thorough examination there was cataract, neural deafness & both motor
& sensory polyneuropathy. On radiological imaging, cardiomegaly was found. On
biochemical analysis, there was high level of phytanic acid both in blood & urine.
a. What is your diagnosis?
b. What is the underlying cause here?
c. Which metabolic pathway is involved?
[1+1+1] (COMK’19)
CS - A 54-year-old man brought to emergency in semi-comatose condition. He had
history of DM for last 20 years. There was fruity odor in breath. Blood glucose was
324 mg/dl, pH of blood was 7.25, Rothera's test of urine gave positive
a. Mention the probable diagnosis & cause of unconsciousness
b. Explain the cause of fruity odor & positive Rothera’s test
c. Outline the probable management of the patient
[4+6+5] (BSMC’19)
CS - A 3-year-old boy was referred for investigation of weight loss & failure to
thrive with frequent diarrhoea. A biopsy specimen was obtained from jejunum &
showed villous atrophy. The doctor advised lactose free diet & supplementation of
albumin
Interpret this clinical scenario with your knowledge of biochemistry
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
CS - A 50-year-old obese, hypertensive patient complained of sudden appearance
of chest pain (with radiation to left arm & neck) along with profuse sweating &
palpitation. ECG changes showed the findings of Acute MI
Enumerate the biochemical parameters that aid in establishing the clinical
diagnosis of this case with changes in early course of the disease
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
SN – Secondary structure of proteins
[4] (MaMC’19), (DHMC’19)
SN - 2,3 BPG
[3] (ICARE’19)
SN - Isoelectric pH -of proteins / amino acids
[5]
(MaMC’19), (CNMC’19), (RaiMC’19)
SN - Absorption of glucose in intestine
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
SN - Mutarotation
[5] (IQC’19)
SN - Jamaican vomiting syndrome
[3] (COMK’19)
SN – Protein folding
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
SN – Peptide bond
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
SN – Glycogen
[5] (IPGME&R’19), (ESIC-J’19)
SN – Essential fatty acids
 [5] (IPGME&R’19), (ESIC-J’19)
SN - Malate shuttle
[5] (MaMC’19)
SN – Liposomes
[5] (CNMC’19), (JIMS’19)
SN - Blood group antigens
[5] (BSMC’19)
SN - Biuret reaction
[5] (NBMC’19)
SN - Lecithin
[5] (NBMC’19)
SN - Radio-iodine
[2.5] (MCK’19)
SN - Reducing property of monosaccharides
[5] (JIMS’19)
SN - Ninhydrin test
[2.5] (MCK’19)
SN - Cataract galactosemia
[5] (KPC’19)
SN – Eicosanoid
[2] (DHMC’19)
SN – Plasma proteins
[2] (DHMC’19)
SN - Pentoses of physiological importance
[3] (RamMC’19)
Justify with suitable diagrams - 2 transport mechanisms are involved in
carbohydrate digestion & absorption
[4] (SRIMS’19)
EW - Microbodies
[3] (RamMC’19)
EW - In glycerol molecule 3 carbons are of distinct character
[3] (RamMC’19)
EW – SDS-page determines the size of the protein
[3] (DHMC’19)
EW - Glucose and fructose form same osazone
[3] (DHMC’19)
EW - Sickle cell trait protects from malaria
[3] (DHMC’19)
EW - Mb does not exhibit Bohr’s effect
[3] (DHMC’10)
EW - Urine test of DKA patient gives both Benedict’s & Rothera’s test positive
[2.5] (COMK’19)
EW - Glucosazone and fructosazone are similar in appearance
[5] (RaiMC’19)
EW – Certain snake bite causes hematuria
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
EW - Pyruvate kinase deficiency causes hemolytic anemia
[2.5] (COMK’19)
EW - Pyruvate is 4-way molecule
[2] (ICARE’19)
EW - Sodium fluoride should be added to sugar vial for glucose estimation /
Sodium fluoride is added to the oxalate vials to prevent glycolysis of RBC in the
blood sample collected by Phlebotomy
[5]
(COMK’19), (ICARE’19), (COMSD’19)
EW - Eicosanoids are clinically important
[5] (BSMC’19)
EW - Strictly vegetarian persons are more prone to develop carnitine deficiency
than non-vegetarians
[2.5] (COMK’19)
EW - Fat breakdown to fatty acids in intestinal lumen & resynthesis of fat from
absorbed fatty acids in intestinal cells is essential for its absorption
[5] (COMSD’19)
EW - Carnitine deficiency causes mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation
[5] (COMSD’19)
EW - Sucrose is called “Invert sugar”
[5]
(JIMS’19), (CNMC’19), (DHMC’19)
EW - Improper folding of proteins leads to various disorders
[4] (JIMS’19)
EW – Primary structure of protein determines the functional state of proteins / it’s
secondary & tertiary structure taking Mb and Hb as models
[7]
(IPGME&R’19), (JIMS’19), (RaiMC’19)
EW - HbA1c % helps in monitoring of blood glucose levels
[5] (NBMC’19)
EW – Glycolysis is upregulated in cancer patients
 [5] (CNMC’19)
EW - Phospholipids are suited for formation & maintenance of biomembranes
[6] (CNMC’19)
EW - Number of stereoisomers increase in the closed pyranose ring than in the
open chain configuration
[3] (CNMC’19)
EW - NSAIDs are used in painkillers
[2] (ICARE’19)
EW - Ketone bodies are not waste material
[5] (KPC’19)
EW - Glycine is optically inactive amino acid
[4] (JIMS’19)
EW - Lecithin is vital for proper lung maturation of neonates
[5] (RGK’19)
EW - Monosaccharide shows different types of isomerism
[5] (NBMC’19)
EW – Fish oil / ω-3 fatty acid is beneficial for health
[5]
(NBMC’19), (IPGME&R’19), (MaMC’19)
EW - Sugar alcohol maybe used as medicine
[5] (MiMC’19)
EW - Functionally Hb is better buffer than plasma protein

[5] (RGK’19)

EW - Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) may occur due to deficiency of certain

phospholipid
[5] (MiMC’19)
EW - Liposomes are used as drug delivery molecules
[5] (NRS’19)
EW – Lung surfactant prevents Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS)
[5] (BMC’19)
EW – α helix is more stable than β pleated sheet
[5] (BMC’19)
EW - Primaquine induces hemolysis in G-6-PD deficiency
[5] (IQC’19)
EW - Galactosemia presents with congenital cataract
[5] (IQC’19)
EW - TAG is the storage form of energy in body
[3] (ESIC-J’19)
EW - Proteoglycan has a role in glomerular charge selectivity barrier
[3] (ESIC-J’19)
EW – Brown adipose tissue promotes thermogenesis
[5] (MaMC’19)
EW - Radio-isotopes have various medical uses
[5] (NRS’19)
EW – Hypoalbuminemia causes edema
[2] (ICARE’19)
EW - Methotrexate is used for choriocarcinoma is basically an antagonist of folate
metabolism
[5] (COMSD’19)
EW - Rat poison fluoroacetate is an inhibitor of TCA cycle
[5] (COMSD’19)
EW - Secondary structure alteration of proteins can lead to diseases
 [5] (CGMC’19)

BIOCHEMISTRY OF ENZYMES
MCQ - All of the following enzymes are regulated by covalent reversible
phosphorylation except:
(a) Pyruvate kinase
(b) Glycogen synthase
(c) PFK-2
(d) Hexokinase
(NBMC’19)
MCQ – Km of an enzyme is:
(a) dissociation constant
(b) the normal physiological substrate concentration
(c) the substrate concentration at half maximum velocity
(d) numerically identical for all isoenzymes that catalyze a given reaction
(NBMC’19)
MCQ - Allosteric enzymes exhibit:
(a) Sigmoid saturation curve
(b) Hill equation is used to evaluate sigmoid saturation kinetics
(c) When n>1; them it shows positive co-operativity
(d) All of the above
(MsdMC’19)
MCQ - Most commonly used enzyme in ELISA:
(a) HRP
(b) ALP
(c) Glucose oxidase
(d) Urease
(MsdMC’19)
MCQ - An example of functional enzyme is:
(a) Lipoprotein lipase
(b) Amylase
(c) Amidotransferase
(d) LDH
(MsdMC’19)
MCQ - In an enzyme assay, the substrate concentration is lower than the K m:
(a) Independent of enzyme concentration
(b) Independent of temperature
(c) Proportional to the substrate concentration
(d) Approximately equal to Vmax
(MaMC’19)
MCQ - All the following enzymes are present in lysosomes except:
(a) α fucosidase
(b) aryl sulphitase
(c) β glucuronidase
(d) superoxide dismutase
(MaMC’19)
MCQ – What happens to the Km & Vmax values in uncompetitive inhibition of
enzymes?
a. The Km & Vmax both are decreased
b. The Km remains unchanged but Vmax increases
c. The Km increases but the Vmax remains constant
d. Both the Km & Vmax increase
(CNMC’19)
MCQ - Which phospholipid act as a secondary messenger?
a) Phospholipid serin
b) Phospholipid choline
c) Phospholipid inositol
d) Phospholipid ethanolamine
(DHMC’19)
MCQ - Pancreatic amylase requires which ion for its activity?
a) Na+
b) Cl-
c) HCO3-
d) Ca2+
(ICARE’19)
MCQ - Which of the following type of Hb is associated with DM?
a. HbA
b. HbA2
c. HbA1c
d. HbF
(DHMC’19)
MCQ - Digestive enzymes belong to which class of enzymes:
a. Transferase
b. Lyase
c. Isomerase
d. Hydrolase
(IQC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following glucose transporters is under control of insulin?
a. GLUT-2
b. GLUT-4
c. GLUT-1
d. GLUT-5
(IQC’19)
MCQ - Which of the following vitamins is not involved in PDH reactions?
a. B1
b. B2
c. B3
d. B7
(IQC’19)
MCQ - All of the following are glycolytic enzymes except:
a. PFK-1
b. Glucose-6-Phosphatase
c. Enolase
d. Aldolase
(IQC’19)
MCQ - High ALP level in a 14 yrs old boy is due to:
a. High osteoblastic activity
b. High osteoclastic activity
c. Hypophosphatasia
d. None of the above
(RamMC’19)
MCQ - Flippage pattern of LDH (following heart attack) due to one of the
following:
a. LDH1 > LDH2 > LDH3 < LDH4 < LDH5
b. LDH2 > LDH1 > LDH3 < LDH4 < LDH5
c. LDH2 > LDH1> LDH3 > LDH4 > LDH5
d. LDH1 > LDH2 > LDH3 > LDH4 > LDH5
(RamMC’19)
Fill in:
a. Reverse transcriptase is ____ class of IUBMB enzyme classification
b. Aldolase is ____ class of IUBMB enzyme classification
c. Racemase is ____ class of IUBMB enzyme classification
d. Acetyl CoA carboxylase is ____ class of enzyme classification
(COMK’19)
Discuss briefly about the characters of active site & how it helps in the process of
enzymatic catalysis
[7] (NRS’19)
i. Describe the different ways by which enzyme-mediated catalysis occurs
ii. State the role of ‘binding energy’ in enzyme-mediated catalysis
[9+3] (RGK’19)
i. Describe the mechanisms of / Classify & mention the characteristics of /
Distinguish between the different types of enzyme inhibition with examples &
explain with Lineweaver-Burk plot
ii. Differentiate the kinetic characteristics of any 2 of the above
iii. Indicate briefly the clinical importance / therapeutic applications of 3 enzyme
inhibitors
iv. What is Dixon plot?
v. What is suicide inhibition?
[10+6+6+1+1]
(SRIMS’19), (IPGME&R’19), (NRS’19), (NBMC’19), (MiMC’19), (JIMS’19),
(BMC’19), (MsdMC’19), (DHMC’19), (ICARE’19), (CGMC’19)
i. Define isoenzyme with examples
ii. State the clinical implications / Outline the role of different isoenzymes of CK,
LDH, ALP in clinical diagnosis
[2+9]
(BSMC’19), (CNMC’19), (MiMC’19), (NRS’19), (RaiMC’19)
i. What is substrate analogue?
ii. Explain the importance of allosteric inhibition
[2+3] (ICARE’19)
i. Name the different mechanisms of enzyme regulation in vivo
ii. Name the most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis
iii. Describe in brief the regulation of the said enzyme
[3+2+5] (BSMC’19)
i. “Malonic acid is an inhibitor of Succinate dehydrogenase” – which type of
inhibition is this?
ii. Give another example of same type of inhibition
iii. Draw the necessary graphs to describe non- & un-competitive types of
inhibition
iv. How pH affects the rate of enzyme catalyzed reaction?
[1+1+(4+4)+5] (COMK’19)
i. Enumerate the types of regulation of enzyme activity
ii. Discuss any 1 of them with appropriate examples
[9+4]
(JIMS’19), (BMC’19), (MiMC’19)
i. Explain the role of substrate concentration on the rate of enzymatic reactions
with the help of graphs
ii. Illustrate how Vmax & Km are affected by competitive & noncompetitive
inhibition of enzymes
iii. “The Km value of glucokinase is higher than that for hexokinase though both
acts on glucose.” - Explain the physiological significance of this
[5+6+3]
(BSMC’19), (RaiMC’19)
i. Define apoenzyme, coenzyme & holoenzyme
ii. Define & classify enzymes according to IUMB classification & give 1 example
for each class
[3+7]
(MiMC’19), (NRS’19), (BMC’19), (IQC’19), (CGMC’19)
Give 2 examples of vitamin acting as coenzymes
[4] (IQC’19)
i. Enumerate Michaelis-Menten theory with an equation of an enzyme catalysed
single substrate reaction
ii. Explain graphically (mainly Lineweaver–Burke plot) the changes in each type
of reversible inhibition with suitable examples
[3+8] (MsdMC’19)
i. Describe different factors which regulate enzyme activity
ii. Describe the meaning & importance of Km & Kcal values for enzyme activity
[3+5]
(CNMC’19), (MsdMC’19), (IQC’19), (CGMC’19)
Write Michaelis-Menten equation
[2] (DHMC’19), (RaiMC’19)
Derive Lineweaver–Burke plot from Michaelis-Menten equation
[2] (DHMC’19)
Mention the isoenzymes specific to heart
[1] (RaiMC’19)
State the significance of Michaelis-Menten equation
 [4] (BMC’19), (DHMC’19)
Define Michaelis-Menten constant & state it’s significance
[3] (ESIC-J’19)
i. Discuss competitive inhibitors in detail with graphical representation
ii. Give atleast 3 examples of competitive inhibitors of enzyme in therapeutic use
[5+3] (ESIC-J’19)
Explain the role of coenzymes in enzyme action with suitable examples
[7] (ESIC-J’19)
i. Write down the Lambert-Beer Law.
ii. Draw and label a schematic diagram of colorimeter
[4+6] (COMSD’19)
i. State the diagnostic criteria for DM
ii. Compare and contrast the normal vs the diabetic GTT curve
[3+4] (COMSD’19)
With the help of double reciprocal plot incisively evaluate:
i) Competitive
ii) Uncompetitive
iii) Noncompetitive inhibition
When S=Km, explain its significance in biology
[2+2+2+1] (RamMC’19)
CS - A 48-year-old company executive experienced a sudden, crushing chest pain
after he returned from morning walk. His wife noticed him to be pale & found him
profusely sweating. She rushed him to hospital. The patient told the physician on
being shifted to ICU that on earlier occasions too he had similar left sided pain but
had subsided on rest. He is a known smoker & suffers from diabetes, dyslipidemia
& hypertension. ECG showed ST elevation in lead II, III, aVF, investigations
carried out after four hours showed – Raised cardiac specific troponin T & I,
Raised CK – MB & raised Cholesterol (Total, LDL & Triglycerides)
a. Why are cardiac biomarkers raised?
b. Explain with a suitable diagram how MI can be diagnosed by cardiac
biomarkers
[6] (SRIMS’19)
CS - A 36-year-old man admitted to the hospital after episodes of nausea, vomiting
and general malaria his urine was darker than normal, upon examination it was
discovered that his liver is enlarged and tender to palpation. LFT was abnormal,
plasma ALT is 1500 IU/L, AST level is 400 IU/L. During next few hours the
patient develops jaundice & his plasma total bilirubin was 9mg/dl. A diagnosis for
hepatitis is made
a) Write down the full form of AST and ALT
b) Name the class to which these enzymes belong
c) State the different classes of the enzymes according to the IUBMB classification
with an example of each
d) Describe the reason for rise in the level of AST and ALT in the blood in
hepatitis
[2+1+6+5] (COMSD’19)
CS - A 34-year-old man was prescribed with primaquine for radicle curve of
malaria complain of passing of red color urine on the 4th day of the primaquine
therapy, his blood Hb level fell from 11.7 g% to 7.4 g%. serum bilirubin level was
raised from .01 mg% to 4.3 mg%, SGPT & SGOT level was found to be normal.
a. Why was the color of the urine was red?
b. Explain the cause of fall of Hb and development of jaundice in the individual
c. Measurement of which enzyme will help to catch the diagnosis?
d. What is the relation between primaquine and hemolysis?
e. Outline the metabolic pathway where the activity of the enzyme is found
[1+2+2+1+8] (COMSD’19)
SN - Diagnostic enzymes
[5] (KPC’19)
SN - Acute Phase reactants
[2] (DHMC’19), (ICARE’19)
SN - Lineweaver-Burk plot
[2.5] (MCK’19)
SN - Mechanism based enzyme inhibition
[5] (RaiMC’19)
SN - Allosteric regulation of acetyl CoA carboxylase
[5] (COMK’19)
SN – Glutathione
[5] (COMK’19)
SN - Nonfunctional (plasma) enzymes
[5] (BSMC’19), (ESIC-J’19)
SN - Feedback regulation
[3] (RamMC’19)
SN - G-6-PD & it’s diagnostic importance
[5] (MsdMC’19)
SN – Allosteric enzyme
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
SN - Enzyme based Assay
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
SN - Subcellular fractionation
[5] (RaiMC’19)
SN – Rate limiting step
[3] (RamMC’19)
EW - Enzymes may be considered as analytes
 [5] (MiMC’19)
EW – COX is a suicide enzyme
[5] (MsdMC’19)
EW - Choline esterase deficiency in certain individuals result in nightmare of
anesthetist after applying Succinyl choline as muscle relaxant
[5] (MsdMC’19)
EW – The marker enzymes are important biochemical tool in subcellular
fractionation
[5]
(IPGME&R’19), (BSMC’19), (NRS’19)
EW - Suicidal inhibitors are also called mechanism-based inhibitors giving
examples
[3] (ESIC-J’19)
EW - Isoenzyme assay helps in diagnosis of MI
[3] (DHMC’19)
EW - Regan isoenzyme is increased in pregnancy
[5] (RaiMC’19)
EW - Coenzymes are B-vitamins
[3] (RamMC’19)
EW - Enzymes and isoenzymes have diagnostic value
[5] (CGMC’19)
 HEME METABOLISM & HEMOGLOBIN
MCQ - An increase in which of the following parameters will shift the O2 - Hb
dissociation curve to the left:
(a) Temperature
(b) Partial pressure of CO2
(c) 2,3 DPG concentration
(d) O2 affinity of Hb
(NBMC’19)
MCQ – Thromboxanes:
a. Inhibit platelet aggregation
b. Produce vasodilation
c. Enhance platelet aggregation
d. Relaxes smooth muscle
(MsdMC’19)
MCQ – The buffering function of Hb is mainly due to which of the following
amino acids:
a. Histidine
b. Alanine
c. Glutamine
d. Aspartate
(CNMC’19)
MCQ – Which of the following liver enzymes is used for diagnosis of obstructive
jaundice?
a. AST
b. ALP
c. ALT
d. Lipase
(IPGME&R’19)
MCQ – Which has a DNA different from the nuclear DNA?
a. Lysosome
b. Mitochondria
c. Peroxisome
d. Cell membrane
(BMC’19)
MCQ – Marker enzyme for microsomes is:
a. Glucose-6-Phosphatase
b. GLDH
c. Galactosyl transferase
d. Catalase
(BMC’19)
MCQ – With differential centrifugation, the subcellular fraction which is
sedimented last is:
a. Nuclear
b. Mitochondrial
c. Microsomal
d. All at the same time
(BMC’19)
MCQ – Which can cause autodigestion?
a. Golgi bodies
b. Lysosome
c. Microsome
d. Peroxisome
 (BMC’19), (MsdMC’19)
MCQ – Which is not synthesized in ER?
a. Lipoproteins
b. Glycoproteins
c. RNA
d. Ganglioside
(BMC’19)
i. Outline the structures of adult Hb with diagram
ii. Name the various Hb variants
iii. Mention the events in CO poisoning with relation to Hb structure
[5+2+3] (MCK’19)
i. Describe how heme is degraded to bile pigments
ii. Add a note on hyperbilirubinemia
[5+5] (KPC’19)
i. Mention the differences between O2 transport by Hb & Mb
ii. Mention different types of hemoglobinopathies & associated abnormal HbS
iii. Name the Hb derivatives
[4+4+2] (MiMC’19)
i. Enumerate the metabolic steps in heme catabolism
ii. Explain with proper diagram the microsomal heme oxygenase system in
formation of bilirubin in peripheral tissue
iii. Explain the rate limiting step in this process
iv. Enumerate the congenital hyperbilirubinemias
v. Write in brief about Crigler-Najjar syndrome
[2+5+2+2+4] (MsdMC’19)
i. Name the blood parameters which are included in the LFTs
ii. Explain how you can differentiate between prehepatic, hepatic & posthepatic
jaundice based on these parameters
iii. Describe the different fractions of bilirubin that are excreted in urine in
different types of jaundice with explanation
[4+6+5] (CNMC’19)
i. Describe how 2,3 BPG affects O2 - Hb dissociation curve
ii. Describe the role of pO2 on Hb & RBC in Sickle cell disease
[5+5] (MaMC’19)
i. Explain the O2 dissociation curve of Hb with diagram
ii. Enumerate factors causing shift of O2 - Hb dissociation curve to the right and
left
[3+(2+2)]
(MaMC’19), (COMSD’19), (IQC’19)
Explain the cause of fluorescence in urine in Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
[5] (KPC’19)
i. What are the functions of Hb?
ii. How structure of Hb helps its function regarding loading of O2 in lungs,
transport of O2 in lungs, transport of O2 through blood & delivery of O2 to the
tissues?
iii. What factors help in delivery of O2 in the tissues & how?
[3+6+6] (NBMC’19)
i. Compare and explain the O2 binding curve of Hb and Mb
ii. Indicate the conformational changes that takes place in Hb in chemical structure
of Hb –S and –M as compared to -A
[6+(3+3)] (DHMC’19)
CS - A 12-year-old-boy comes to your OPD with easy fatigability, pain cries &
priapism. On examination, anemia, jaundice & hepatosplenomegaly are found
Give your provisional diagnosis & suggest apt investigations
 [5] (NRS’19)
SN - Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP)
[6] (SRIMS’19)
SN – Molecular basis of Sickle cell anemia
[5] (CNMC’19)
SN – Cooperative binding kinetics of Hb
[5] (BMC’19)
SN - SGLT
[5] (IQC’19)
Justify the statement – “O2 dissociation curves of Hb & Mb suit their function”
[3] (MaMC’19)
EW - HbF has more affinity to O2 than HbA
[5]
(BSMC’19), (MsdMC’19), (RGK’19)
EW - People with Sickle cell anemia should avoid travelling at high altitudes
[5] (RGK’19)
EW - Binding with Hb, 2,3 BPG lowers the affinity for O2
[4] (JIMS’19)
EW - Defect in glypiation causes Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
[5] (MsdMC’19)
EW – Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency results in steatorrhea
[5] (IPGME&R’19)
EW - Sickling of RBC in sickle cell anemia
[4] (COMSD’19), (ICARE’19)
EW - Heparin contains modified sugar residues
[5] (RaiMC’19)
EW - Methemoglobinemia may be both congenital and acquired
[5] (RaiMC’19)
EW – α-1 antitrypsin deficiency produces emphysema
[5] (RaiMC’19)
TCA CYCLE, BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION &
ETC
MCQ – Which of the following is the marker enzyme for mitochondria?
a. Xanthine oxidase
b. Catalase
c. Glucose-6-Phosphatase
d. GLDH
(CNMC’19)
MCQ – Which of the following is an example of uncoupler of the mitochondrial
respiratory chain?
a. Rotenone
b. Cyanide
c. 2,4 dinitrophenol
d. Carbon monoxide
(CNMC’19)
Write the composition of Complex I of ETC
[3] (JIMS’19)
Write the no. of moles of ATP generated when reducing equivalents are passed
through Complex I & II
[2] (JIMS’19)
Illustrate the pathway of electron flow from reducing equivalents to molecular O2
through complexes of ETC
Enumerate 1 inhibitor of each complex
[8+4] (RGK’19)
(i) Define redox potential with examples
(ii) Describe the components of mitochondrial ETC / Enumerate the members of
ETC in order of redox potential along with its inhibitors
(iii) Mention the steps where ATP is synthesized
(iv) Describe Binding Change model of ATP synthase / Explain the Binding
Change mechanism with proper diagram for ATP synthesis
(v) Name 1 inhibitor of each site of the whole ETC - oxidative phosphorylation
system / Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation
(vi) Explain with suitable examples how inhibitors differ from uncouplers
(vii) How does the reducing equivalents enter the mitochondria from cytosol?
[3+6+2+5+5+5+3]
(MsdMC’19), (MaMC’19), (ICARE’19), (CGMC’19)
i. Describe with the help of a flow diagram, the metabolic steps of TCA cycle
(Kreb’s cycle) indicating the enzymes & coenzymes involved. Highlight the steps
where energy is produced
ii. Enumerate the number of ATP generated after complete oxidation of 1 molecule
of glucose by glycolysis & TCA cycle
[8+2] (SRIMS’19)
i. How is pyruvate oxidized?
ii. Mention the different components of PDH complex
iii. Discuss the formation & fate of acetyl CoA
iv. Show that TCA cycle is amphibolic in nature
[3+3+4+5] (KPC’19)
i. Describe the different components of the respiratory chain in the mitochondrial
inner membrane in the context of enzymatic activities & coenzyme components
ii. Explain how change of redox potential of different complexes helps in the flow
of electrons through the respiratory chain
iii. Enumerate the inhibitor each for every complex of the respiratory chain
[6+4+3] (CNMC’19)
i. Discuss about the different complexes of ETC
ii. Mention the chemiosmotic theory & add a note on the process of formation of
ATP
[5+(3+3)] (ESIC-J’19)
What is Substrate Level Phosphorylation? Add a note on high energy compounds
[7] (ESIC-J’19)
SN - ATP binding Cassette transporter
[5] (MsdMC’19)
SN - Brown adipose tissue metabolism
[5] (MsdMC’19)
SN - ATP synthase
[5] (KPC’19), (MCK’19)
SN – P:O ratio
[2] (JIMS’19), (ESIC-J’19)
EW – Uncouplers of respiratory chain produce heat
[4] (CNMC’19)
EW - Thermogenin is a physiological uncoupler
[3] (ESIC-J’19)
EW - ETC may be the source of O2 free radicals
[5] (MaMC’19)
 MOLECULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
MCQ - Mutations in mitochondrial DNA are responsible for the following disease
(a) Sickle cell anemia
(b) Obstructive jaundice
(c) Myoclonic epilepsy
(d) Hyperlipidemia
(MsdMC’19)
i. Classify nucleotides & give some examples of various types with diagram
ii. Why is DNA more stable than RNA?
[5+3] (MCK’19)
i. Enumerate the biomolecules necessary for replication in eukaryotes
ii. Describe the process of formation of replication fork
iii. Enumerate the DNA repair mechanisms
iv. Give 1 example of disease due to defect of each type of DNA repair mechanism
[4+5+4+2] (MiMC’19)
(i) Enumerate the different types of DNA & RNA
(ii) Write in brief about structure & function of B-DNA with diagram
(iii) Mention the role of miRNA & siRNA in medicine
(iv) Enumerate with a diagram the structural organisation of DNA to chromatin
[1+2+1+4] (MsdMC’19)
i. Describe the Watson-Crick model of DNA
ii. What are the differences between DNA & RNA?
[7+3] (MaMC’19)
SN - Synthetic nucleotide
[5] (NRS’19), (RaiMC’19)
SN - tRNA
[5] (BSMC’19), (MsdMC’19)
SN - Nucleotide analogues
[5] (BSMC’19)
SN - Prion disease
[5] (MaMC’19), (RaiMC’19)
SN – Alzheimer’s disease
[5] (RaiMC’19)
SN – Wilson’s disease
[5] (RaiMC’19)
SN - Eukaryotic RNA polymerase
[5] (MiMC’19)
SN - Drugs acting on prokaryotic translation
[5] (MiMC’19)
EW – Allopurinol is a suicide inhibitor of Xanthine oxidase
[5] (CNMC’19), (BSMC’19)
EW - Synthetic nucleotides are used as drugs
[4] (SRIMS’19)
EW - Tissue specific different expression of same gene may occur due to RNA
editing
[5] (MiMC’19)
 ACID – BASE & BUFFERS
Derive Henderson Hasselbalch equation & mention its role in understanding the
buffering action
[4] (MCK’19)
i. What is buffer?
ii. Enumerate on blood buffers
[2+3] (ICARE’19), (NRS’19)
i. Draw a chart to show distribution of total body water
ii. Write causes & treatment of hyperkalemia
[5+5] (COMK’19)
Describe the role of lungs in maintenance of blood pH
[2] (ICARE’19)
CS - ABG report of an accident victim who sustained chest wall trauma is as
mentioned below:
Blood pH 7.2 7.35 - 7.45
Plasma HCO3 22 mmol/L 20 – 30 mmol/L

pCO2 60 mm of Hg 35 - 45 mm of Hg

a. Interpret the laboratory data & diagnosis

b. Explain the role of blood buffers in the maintenance of normal pH of blood /
acid base balance
[2+6] (SRIMS’19), (MCK’19)
SN - Renal regulation of blood pH
[5]
(NBMC’19), (NRS’19), (COMK’19), (ICARE’19)
SN - Anion gap
[3] (NRS’19), (ICARE’19)
SN - Henderson Hasselbalch equation
[5] (MaMC’19)
SN - Metabolic acidosis
[5] (JIMS’19), (IQC’19)
EW - Histidine protein residues in albumin & Hb plays important buffering role
[5]
(NBMC’19), (MaMC’19), (ESIC-J’19)
EW - Hypokalemia is seen in metabolic alkalosis
[4] (JIMS’19)
EW – Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) is Normal Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
(NAGMA)
[5] (COMK’19)
 CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
MCQ – Na+-glucose transporter is an example of:
a. Symporter
b. Antiporter
c. Facilitated diffusion
d. Active transport
(ICARE’19)
MCQ – All of the following are components of biological membrane except:
a. Cholesterol
b. Glycolipid
c. Triglycerides
d. Phospholipids
(DHMC’19), (IQC’19)
i. Describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane
ii. What is the role of cholesterol in membrane fluidity?
[4+2] (ICARE’19)
i. Draw a labelled diagram of the eukaryotic cell
ii. State the marker enzyme for the following organelle:
a. Mitochondria b. Golgi body c. SER d. Peroxisomes
[6+4] (COMSD’19)
Name a cardinal difference between channel & transporter
[1] (RGK’19)
i. What is the mechanism of ORS solution formulated by WHO?
ii. With an illustrative diagram, describe the receptor mediated endocytosis in brief
[5+5] (COMK’19)
i. Mention the structural components of cell membrane
ii. What factors are responsible for maintaining the fluidity of the cell membrane
[3+3] (NBMC’19), (RGK’19)
i. Enumerate the components of biological membrane
ii. Enumerate the functions of biological membrane
iii. Mention the agents which cause membrane damage
iv. Classify the different types of membrane transport with appropriate examples
[2+3+2+3] (MiMC’19)
(i) Enumerate with a schematic diagram the separation of cell organelles by
centrifugation technique with one marker enzyme for each important organelle
(ii) Explain the Fluid Mosaic model of plasma membrane / Singer Nicholson
model of cell membrane with a suitable diagram
(iii) Mention the process of transfer of small & large molecules across plasma
membrane
[3+5+2]
(MsdMC’19), (KPC’19), (RGK’19), (NBMC’19)
SN – Aquaporin
[2] (DHMC’19), (MsdMC’19)
SN - Peroxisome
[5] (BSMC’19)
EW - ATP is the energy currency of the cell
[2] (ICARE’19)
EW – Mitochondria is called the power house of cell
[4] (JIMS’19)
 NUTRITION & XENOBIOTICS
i. Name the active form of vitamin D
ii. Why is vitamin D regarded as hormone?
iii. Write the biochemical role of vitamin D & mention its mechanism of action
[1+2+(6+6)] (JIMS’19)
i. Describe Phase II metabolism of xenobiotics
ii. Add a note on cytochrome P450
[5+5] (KPC’19)
Describe the metabolism of iron in the light of the following points:
a. Its absorption from intestines

b. Its role in mucosal cell

c. Its transport & storage

d. Explain how iron can generate free radicals

e. Indicate markers of iron overload

[2+2+4+1+1] (SRIMS’19)

CS - A 14-year-old boy had a problem of vision during night. However, his vision
was quite normal during the day time except when he entered a dimlight zone
(movie hall)
a. Write the diagnosis & clinical features of this condition
b. Describe with the help of a diagram Wald’s Visual cycle
[2+1+3] (SRIMS’19)
SN - Free radicals
[5] (KPC’19)
EW - Pyridoxine / Vit B6 may also lead to Niacin / Vit B3 deficiency
[4] (SRIMS’19)
EW - Vitamin C overdose may increase oxidative stress
[5] (KPC’19)
EW – Proto-oncogenes & tumour suppressor genes have a role in cancer
pathogenesis
[4] (SRIMS’19)
 IMMUNOCHEMISTRY
MCQ - A ‘J’ chain is present in:

(a) IgG

(b) IgM

(c) IgD

(d) IgE

(MsdMC’19)

State the differences between Innate & Adaptive immunity

[5] (RGK’19), (JIMS’19)

i. Draw the representative structure of IgG

ii. Classify immunoglobulins & mention the function of each class

[2+(2+2)] (SRIMS’19)

SN - T helper cells

[5] (MsdMC’19)
 MISCELLANEOUS
MCQ - Which of the following chromatographic technique is based on molecular
size:
(a) Gel Filtration
(b) Ion Exchange
(c) Paper
(d) Affinity
(MsdMC’19)
SN - Biosafety measures in a laboratory
[3] (RamMC’19)
SN - Centrifugation
[3] (RamMC’19)
SN - Ion exchange chromatography
[5] (MaMC’19), (ICARE’19)
SN - Steps in collection of blood sample
[5] (BSMC’19)
SN - Preanalytical variables
[5] (NRS’19)
SN - Advice that you will give to a patient before finger pricking for hematological
tests
[5] (BSMC’19)
EW - Ethanol is often given as antidote in methanol poisoning
[5] (RGK’19)
 AETCOM
A patient came to emergency of a hospital with features of severe pain in abdomen
& vomiting. He is accompanied by his relative who is very restless & interferes
with the ongoing treatment.

State briefly 5 key points related to the conduct of doctor in that emergency to
manage such situation smoothly

[5] (IPGME&R’19)

Describe briefly roles of physician in a society

[4] (IQC’19)

Describe and discuss roles of physician in a health care delivery system

[5] (RaiMC’19)

A farmer attended hospital with pallor and breathlessness. How will you explain
the condition to patient & patient’s relatives?

[5] (COMSD’19)

SN – Barriers of communication

[5] (COMSD’19)

SN – Steps of breaking bad news on the health of the patient to their relatives

[5] (COMSD’19)

SN – Counselling

[5] (COMSD’19)

SN - Biomedical Waste Management (BMW)

[5] (NRS’19)
SN - Ideal bed side manner of physician towards patient

[5] (RGK’19)

SN – Rights of a patient

[3] (ICARE’19)

EW – Explaining to the patient, all risks & benefits of surgical procedure is of

paramount importance before actual operation

[5] (RGK’19)