Revision Quiz [30 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.5

What is evidence for the endosymbiotic theory in eukaryotic cells?

A. Mitochondrion with DNA

B. Golgi complex in cytoplasm

C. Single nuclear membrane

D. Ribosomes in cytoplasm [1]

Markscheme

A
2. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.8
The table shows the approximate energy stores in a man with an average
mass.

Available energy / kJ
Organ or tissue Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins
Brain 30 0 0
Liver 1700 2000 1700
Adipose tissue 330 560 000 170 ​
[Source: Reprinted from Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 5(2),
Cahill Jr., G.F., Starvation in Man, Copyright (1976), with permission from Elsevier.]

What can be concluded from the data?

A. The brain contains no short-term stored energy.

B. The liver contains less long-term than short-term stored energy.

C. The adipose tissue provides for most of the long-term energy storage.

D. Carbohydrates provide more energy per gram than lipids or proteins. [1]

Markscheme

C
3. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.SL.TZ1.6
Which statement applies to cholesterol?

A. It is hydrophobic and found on the outside of the phospholipid

bilayer.

B. It is hydrophilic and found inside the phospholipid bilayer.

C. It impacts membrane fluidity.

D. It is transported in association with glucose in the blood. [1]

Markscheme

4. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.SL.TZ1.8

What distinguishes cellulose from glycogen and starch?

A. Only cellulose is found in plants.

B. Only cellulose is made up of glucose monomers.

C. Cellulose is far more branched than starch and glycogen.

D. Cellulose has a structural role whereas starch and glycogen function

in energy storage. [1]

Markscheme

D
5. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.SL.TZ2.1
The diagrams represent cells with the same concentration of dissolved
substances in their cytoplasm. If all the cells were placed in the same
hypertonic sucrose solution, which cell would show the greatest rate of
change in the concentration of its cytoplasm?

[1]

Markscheme

C
6. [Maximum mark: 1] 21M.1.SL.TZ2.4
Which graph best represents the relationship between the
concentration of chloride ions in the external environment of a cell and
the rate at which the chloride ions move by facilitated diffusion into
the cytoplasm of the cell?

[1]

Markscheme

C
7. [Maximum mark: 1] 20N.1.HL.TZ0.9
The first iron ore deposits in rocks appeared about 1.8 billion years ago.
What took place to make this occur?

A. Some prokaryotic organisms began to absorb carbon dioxide from

seawater.

B. Some eukaryotic organisms began to absorb carbon dioxide from

seawater.

C. Some prokaryotic organisms began to release oxygen into seawater.

D. Some eukaryotic organisms began to release oxygen into seawater. [1]

Markscheme

8. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.SL.TZ1.4

Which cell component arose first during the formation of the earliest
cells?

A. Chloroplast

B. Plasma membrane

C. Mitochondria

D. Cell wall [1]

Markscheme

B
9. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.3
Which plasma membrane is the least fluid at high temperatures?

[1]

Markscheme

B
10. [Maximum mark: 1] 19N.1.SL.TZ0.2
By which process do potassium ions move through potassium
channels in axons?

A. Active transport

B. Exocytosis

C. Facilitated diffusion

D. Simple diffusion [1]

Markscheme

C
11. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.SL.TZ1.6
What type of molecule is formed by the chemical reaction shown in the
diagram?

A. Dipeptide

B. Disaccharide

C. Diglyceride

D. Cellulose [1]

Markscheme

B
12. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.SL.TZ1.8
What is found in insulin molecules?

A. Phosphates

B. Nucleotides

C. Peptide bonds

D. Glycerol [1]

Markscheme

C
13. [Maximum mark: 1] 19M.1.SL.TZ2.5
The table shows concentrations of potassium ions and sodium ions
inside and outside human cells.

[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2019]

What explains these concentrations?

A. Potassium ions diffuse in and sodium ions diffuse out.

B. Sodium ions diffuse in and potassium ions diffuse out.

C. Active transport pumps sodium ions in and potassium ions out.

D. Active transport pumps sodium ions out and potassium ions in. [1]

Markscheme

D
14. [Maximum mark: 1] 18N.1.SL.TZ0.4
What part of the plasma membrane is fluid, allowing the movement of
proteins in accordance with the fluid mosaic model?

[1]

Markscheme

B
15. [Maximum mark: 1] 18N.1.SL.TZ0.5
Apparatus was set up as shown to collect data.

The graph shows the results after 47 minutes of data collection.

What causes the rates to differ?

I. Different concentration gradients at the start

II. Diffusion of sugar is initially greater in Y than in X

III. The systems are reaching equilibrium over time

A. I only
B. II only

C. I and III only

[1]
D. II and III only

Markscheme

C
16. [Maximum mark: 1] 18N.1.HL.TZ0.5
In a copy of Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment, broth was put into
flasks as shown in the diagrams.

What results would be expected with no spontaneous generation of

life?

A. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flask W.

B. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flasks W and

X.

C. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flasks W, X

and Y.

D. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flasks W, X

and Z. [1]

Markscheme

B
17. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.SL.TZ2.4
Pasteur carried out a series of experiments that provided strong
evidence against a widely supported theory. What was this theory?

A. Endosymbiosis

B. Spontaneous generation

C. Conservative replication of DNA

D. Evolution [1]

Markscheme

B
18. [Maximum mark: 1] 18M.1.HL.TZ1.7
Which fatty acid would occur in a trans fat?

[Source: © International Baccalaureate Organization 2018] [1]

Markscheme

D
19. [Maximum mark: 1] 17N.1.SL.TZ0.24
Dialysis membrane was set up to model digestion and absorption in
the small intestine.

What is a limitation of this model?

A. There can be no active transport.

B. Maltose will pass through the membrane.

C. Lipase should be present with protein.

D. The membrane is not permeable to starch. [1]

Markscheme

A
20. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.SL.TZ2.7
The image shows a molecule of oleic acid.

What describes oleic acid?

A. Cis polyunsaturated

B. Cis monounsaturated

C. Trans polyunsaturated

D. Trans monounsaturated [1]

Markscheme

B
21. [Maximum mark: 1] 23M.1.HL.TZ2.6
Which drawing represents beta-D-glucose?

[1]

Markscheme

B
22. [Maximum mark: 1] 22N.1.SL.TZ0.5
In 1925, Gorter and Grendel carried out an experiment to study the
structure of cell membranes in different mammals. The total surface
area of red blood cells was measured in a sample and compared to the
surface area formed by a single layer of lipid extracted from cell
membranes and floated on water.

Which diagram best illustrates Gorter and Grendel’s conclusion drawn

from this experiment?

[Source: Gorter, E. and Grendel, F., 1925. On bimolecular layers of lipoids

on the chromocytes of the blood. Journal of Experimental Medicine 41(4), pp.
439–443.] [1]

Markscheme
C
23. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.2
Red blood cells from a small mammal were immersed in NaCl (sodium
chloride) solutions of different concentrations for 2 hours. The graph
shows the percentage of hemolysed (ruptured) red blood cells at each
concentration.

[Source: Zaidan, T. , de Matos, W. , Machado, É. , Junqueira, T. , Vicentini,

S. , Presta, G. and Santos-Filho, S. (2010)
Cellular effects of an aqueous solution of Losartan® on the survival of
Escherichia coli AB1157 in the presence
and absence of SnCl2, and on the physiological property (osmotic
fragility) of the erytrocyte. Advances
in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 1, 300–304. doi: 10.4236/abb.2010.14039.
Available at https://www.scirp.org/pdf/ABB20100400005_18844979.pdf
Licensed under a Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]

What can be deduced from the graph?

A. At Y, the net movement of Na ions between red blood cells and the
NaCl solutions is zero.
B. At X, Na and Cl ions disrupt the structure of cell membranes.

C. At Y, the hypertonic NaCl solutions diffuse into the red blood cells.

D. At X, water has moved by osmosis into the red blood cells. [1]

Markscheme

D
24. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.HL.TZ2.6
The diagram shows the structure of the protein CXCL12.

[Source: Lu, J., Chatterjee, M., Schmid, H. et al. CXCL14 as an emerging

immune and inflammatory modulator.
J Inflamm 13, 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12950-015-0109-
9 Distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]

Which chemical group is found at X?

A. NH2

B. NOH

C. COH

D. COOH [1]

Markscheme

D
25. [Maximum mark: 1] 21N.1.HL.TZ1.9
The diagrams show how monosaccharide molecules are joined to form
chains in two polysaccharides.

[Source: Amelse, J. Achieving Net Zero Carbon Dioxide by Sequestering

Biomass Carbon. Preprints 2020, 2020070576
(doi: 10.20944/preprints202007.0576.v1). Fig SI9. Distributed under a
Creative Commons CC BY license Attribution
4.0 International (CC BY 4.0),
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.]

Using the diagram and the table, which diagram and monosaccharide
represent glycogen?

[1]

Markscheme

C
26. [Maximum mark: 1] 22N.1.HL.TZ0.4
Scenedesmus is a microscopic, unicellular green alga. However, it often
exists as multicellular colonies of cells.

[Source: www.mikro-foto.de 2010. Scenedesmus, a green algae. [image online]

Available at:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mikrofoto.de-alge2.jpg
[Accessed 13 January 2023]. Source adapted.]

The magnification of the image is 500×. What is the length of one cell?

A. 10 nm

B. 50 μm

C. 20 μm

D. 10 mm [1]

Markscheme

C
27. [Maximum mark: 1] 22M.1.SL.TZ2.2
The images of the radiolarian, a single-celled marine organism, were
produced using a light microscope (left) and a scanning electron
microscope (right).

[Source: Munir,S.;Sun,J.;Morton, S.L. The First Record and Classification

of Planktonic Radiolarian
(Phylum Retaria) and Phaeodarian (Phylum Cercozoa) in the Eastern Indian
Ocean. Biology 2021, 10, 202.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10030202 Copyright: © 2021 by the
authors. This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).]

What is a reason for the difference in quality of these images?

A. Light cannot pass through the specimen.

B. Higher magnification can be achieved with the electron microscope.

C. The resolution of the electron microscope is higher.

D. Samples are stained with methylene blue when viewed with the
light microscope. [1]

Markscheme
 C

28. [Maximum mark: 1]

Which group of cellular structures form the endomembrane system?

A. Microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments

B. Endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles
C. Mitochondria and chloroplasts
D. Fimbriae, nucleoid, flagella [1]

Markscheme

29. [Maximum mark: 1]

Although animal cells lack cell walls, they have a complex network of
glycoproteins that provide structure and strength to the cell, referred to
as:
A Desmosomes
B Extracellular matrix
C Intermediate filaments
D Cytoskeleton [1]

Markscheme

B
30. [Maximum mark: 1]
In which of the following parts of a cell is RNA found?

I Nucleus
II Cytoplasm
III Ribosome

a) I only
b) II only
c) I and III only
d) I, II and III [1]

Markscheme

© International Baccalaureate Organization, 2023