Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Isabela Philippines
Year 2021
Chapter 1
Introduction
The Novel Coronavirus or Covid -19 had interrupted the way of living around the world
in 2020. In the first two months after the first case of the virus, Over 31,999 people are newly
infected, and these statistics are only from January 21- March 21, 2020 (Covid -19 updates). The
world is shaken by a virus overpowering humans creating chaos, terrors, and turmoil throughout
humankind. And to impede the spread of the said disease across the globe and the place they are
in, Government officials and administrations worldwide have instigated confinement measures
with varying levels of severity so that people maintain social distancing and quarantine among
themselves. Additionally, various safety precautions have executed to prevent the extreme
increasing cases of the said virus; this includes the confinement of the students and implementing
New- Normal Education. The sudden adjustment in our lives affected myriads of people in
different aspects, especially students (Ancheta 2020). According to Bo Chen et al. (2020), the
breakout brought huge impacts on student's physical and mental health aspects. The same study
investigated and measured how much the students suffered, including their mental status,
knowledge of stress management, risk discernment, academic stress, behavioral patterns, and
As the world acquires numerous changes, education was not an exception that leads to
the implementation of New- Normal Education. DepEd and CHED implemented the New-
Normal Education wherein the teaching-learning modality has three main types: Modular
Distance Learning. This modality involves individualized instruction that allows learners to use
self-learning modules in print or digital copy. Next is Online Distance Learning; this modality
features the teacher as facilitator, engaging learners' active participation through the use of
various technologies accessible on the internet. Lastly, blended learning refers to a learning
delivery that combines face-to-face with any or mix of online distance learning, modular distance
Education or CHED executed Flexible Learning in which is the pedagogical approach allowing
the flexibility of time, place, and audience. Still, it is not solely focusing on the usage of
connectivity on the internet, level of digital literacy, and approach. This was instigated due to the
reason for preventing the arising cases of Covid- 19 in the Philippines. Moreover, CHED also
proposes several policies for the students and teachers to comply while providing quality
Furthermore, education has never been easily accessible, but this sudden shift of learning
made it worse. As specified in Madeline St. Amour's survey on 2021 titled pandemic negatively
affected grades this fall, about 85% of the respondents harmed their performance. Another 9%
said that the pandemic didn't affect their rates, and 5% said that the pandemic positively
influenced their performances. Despite the variously implemented learning modality, hindrances,
student's lifestyles and academic performances. Moreover, Because of the sudden paradigm shift
of Education, Students were significantly affected, resulting in various effects on their way of
living, deterioration of mental health, relationship to others, and academic performance (Abraish
Ali, 2020 and Gonzales T. 2020). On a relevant aspect, lockdown and social distancing are
This study aims to determine the significant interruptions and disruptions faced by the
students that triggered and affected their daily lives and the pandemic impacts on their grades
and academic performances, predominantly the education students' situated on Isabela State
University - Cauayan Campus. Additionally, the education sector has been struggling to fight the
catastrophe to provide quality education. However, despite the exerted effort by the government
and educational institutions, students still had suffered immense difficulty throughout the New-
Normal learning (Jena, KP. 2020), and this study will discover those hindrances and problems
resulting in awareness of the problem that needs to be addressed are. Furthermore, this study will
improve teaching and learning methods by empowering the curriculum with data collected to
help students and teachers teach and learn more strategically and efficiently.
Conceptual Framework
Academic Performance
New-Normal Education
During pandemic
administrations had intensified the severity of the implemented safety protocols to prevent or
lower the spread of the said virus, resulting in elongated use of E-learning throughout the world.
Due to new-normal learning, problems and difficulty had risen drastically, affecting the students
in several aspects (Cahyadi, 2020). Moreover, this thesis investigates hindrances that students
faced and the effects on their lifestyle and academic performances amidst the Covid-19
Pandemic.
Amid this learning, various hindrances had their ways to intrude the education of
students. Among these interventions, one is the socio-economic factors. Villanueva, M., and
Núñez, J. (2020) discovered that, while indirect, socio-economic factors such as access to
resources and parental support influenced students' e-Learning experiences. The same study
revealed two ways for a family to invest in their child's academic opportunity: financial support,
despite the availability of resources, other agents influenced students' e-Learning; these agents
could be convenience (having a stable Internet connection, the right balance of devices, personal
study space) or parental influence, as recommended by the principle. Another hindrance that the
students face is technical and management support (Gmaeh, D. 2020), wherein the availability of
gadgets and familiarity with technology are limited, especially in rural and remote areas.
undeniably visible since such alterations are new for us (Nabil H. et al., 2021). Due to the sudden
paradigm shift of education, many people, including teachers and students, suffered from
unfamiliarity using technology that didn't practice conventional learning before. However,
According to Callo & Yazon, 2020 it depends on the faculty and student's competence,
accessibility to ICT tools, readiness, confidence in their capabilities to use technology, and
exposure to e-learning resources. Aside from it, environmental factors also made their way to
influence academic performances; the result of the investigation showed that lighting, noise, and
temperature have significant direct effects on student's evaluation (Vargas, A. et al., 2020). A
healthy, comfortable, and safe environment has a substantial impact on one's performance.
Besides, the study of Zhong, L. et al. also mentioned that the absence of fresh air or being
exposed to unpleasant. These hindrances can significantly affect students' lifestyle and academic
performances as everyone shifted to the new-normal also, such obstacles are inevitable. It is
essential to discover the possible hindrances that students had encountered as the researcher is
trying to address or find the possible solution to aid the student's problem that affected their
Indeed, this pandemic disrupted life worldwide, causing the paradigm shift of living
(Howe, D. et al., 2020). It has multiple effects on students' lifestyles, triggering various
aspects. Because of the students' hindrances, students are more likely to affect their emotional
and behavioral elements like unhealthy eating and sleeping habits. It is also considered negative
sleeping habits to be the most affected in the research of Ali, A. et al., 2021. According to Al-
Balushi and Essa M.M.'s 2020 study, Eating and sleeping habits have radically changed. Screen
time became a daily routine because of new-normal learning that causes plenty of free time, and
students tend to watch or play, affecting the student's sleeping pattern. Additionally, in the same
research, Overeating was also considered an impact due to boredom and stress, leading to
obesity. Moreover, several studies have found out that psychological effects like anxiety,
traumatic stress symptoms, struggling to concentrate, etc., affects the student's lifestyle (Nabil,
H. et al., 2021 & Charles, N. et al., 2021) in which the researcher agree.
Furthermore, various personal health challenges were also defied. Because of the
problems and conflicts the students stumble upon, it is unfortunate that they developed or worsen
their vices, for instance, an increase in alcohol use for the reason of high-level stress or
al., 2021). Lastly, Academic stress, academic anxiety can be triggered by academic reasons,
financial and family problems, personal situations, health complications, etc. It is in line with
Pajarianto's Study, wherein he tackled the possible stressors that may generate academic
pressure. According to Pajarianto H. et al., 2020, academic stress was caused by academic
stressors like the length of lesson/study, anxiety on taking exams or quizzes, myriads of
activities, and worksheets submitted or completed. And because of this formed lifestyle, it
Academic performances are affected due to the multitudes of lifestyle changes resulting
from educational hindrances they run into through Flexible Learning. First and foremost,
subjects. Teachers and school administrators typically assess excellence through classroom
performance, educational outcomes, and standardized test results. In simple words, academic
performance is the General Weighted Average (GWA) of students per semester or school year.
However, due to the paradigm shift of education, grades and evaluations are affected by
influence on their lifestyle, and the effect of other variables on academic performances amid
In the year 2020, life worldwide was impeded by a virus known as COVID– 19. As a
result of the contagious disease, it causes various changes on humanity in every aspect, leading
Education. The abrupt change in our lives affected many people in multiple ways, most notably
students. The implemented learning modality caused diverse conflicts to students that affect their
academic performances and lifestyle because of the educational hindrances they run into
This research attempts to determine the academic hindrances and changes in students'
1. What are the academic hindrances encountered by the students in learning during
the pandemic?
2. What are the lifestyles of the students in learning during the pandemic?
3. What is the level of academic performance of the students during the pandemic?
Since implementing a new learning modality, teachers and students have been adjusting,
and several issues have arisen that have impacted the students in various ways. This study has a
The researcher predicted that the academic hindrances that the students encountered
negatively affected their lifestyle and performance. However, despite the enormous negative
Students' lives were drastically altered as a result of the abrupt change in education. First,
as a result of the implementation of Flexible Learning, when everything is done online from the
comfort of their own homes, students faced various challenges that impacted their lifestyle and
academic performance. This variable is significant in the analysis because the results will be
lacking and insufficient. After all, it attempts to determine the obstacles and their impact on
students. Second, this shifting causes students' lifestyles to change, and how does this
"developed" lifestyle significantly impact student's performance. This variable is essential to this
thesis because lifestyle changes are one of the effects of academic difficulties. Understanding
this variable well will aid in obtaining more accurate results. Lastly, Academic performance will
be primarily impacted because the variables mentioned earlier influence the student's grades.
This parameter will establish whether the previously mentioned variables have a positive or
concerns the welfare and well-being of the students' during this pandemic. The researchers
believe that this investigation will benefit the institutions, school administrators, and educational
sectors, which will lead to the overall improvement of the curriculum or address the problem,
hindrances, or difficulty facing both teachers and students. With that, the benefit of teachers,
parents, and students' is undeniably visible. Above all, this study will help find a solution or an
This study's general intent is to investigate the academic hindrances that the students face
and the impacts of these hindrances on students' lifestyles and academic performances. The
primary subject of this research study will involve the Elementary Education Students' enrolled
in the academic year 2020-2021. The respondents will be limited to one- hundred (100)
Elementary Education Students 'of Isabela State University – Cauayan |Campus situated at
Isabela, Philippines. Furthermore, the result of this study may also be a basis for other
comparable studies.
Definition of Terms
learning that combines online and offline learning methodologies with the use and help of
technology.
Unfamiliarity – As defined by Merriam Webster, 1594, it means not well-known or not well
acquainted. In this essay, it means the lacking of skills to know the advancement of the
technology.
Conventional Learning – It is a traditional way of learning.
Amid / Amidst - In this thesis, It means the middle of something (Pandemic). Though according
Disease - This refers to the condition of the living animal or plant body or one of its parts that
impairs normal functioning and is manifested by distinguishing signs and symptoms. However,
Face-to-Face – This is an instructional method where the course content and learning material
Lockdown – As defined by |Oxford Dictionary, prisoners are confining to their cells, typically
after an escape or to regain control during a riot. However, this essay means the global
administration implemented it to prevent the increasing cases of Covid – 19. It means the
confinement of people, restricting them from going out unless the reason is essential and crucial.
Quarantine – A state period of isolation in which people or animals that have arrived elsewhere
or were expose/d to the infectious or contagious disease will place in an isolated place.
Social Distancing – According to CDC, it is also called physical distancing, wherein it means
keeping a safe space between yourself and other people who are not from your household.
Denouement - A final part of something like the conclusion, end, a result of a play, literary
This sector presents the relevant literature and studies such as news, journals, trusted
sites, associated dissertations, etc., that the researcher considered in the solidification of the
present study. It also indicates the synthesis to apprehend the research for a better grasp
completely. The discussion contains other analyses to support and enhance the relatedness and
infectious virus transmittable to anyone. Myriads of health experts believe that the newly
discovered virus originated from bats or pangolins (Kandola, 2020). In the same study, the
researcher said that the first-ever transmission of Covid-19 was started in Wuhan, China, and
begins to spread through person-to-person contact. In the first two months after the first case of
the virus, Over 31,999 people are newly infected, and these statistics are only from January 21-
March 21, 2020 (Covid -19 updates, 2020) and on March 11 of 2020, WHO declared Novel
The said virus has emerged globally, affecting the lives of everyone and is slowing down
the global economy (Haleem, 2020). According to WebMD, This disease can transmit by
droplets/ aerosols, which are the most common transmission. When an infected person coughs,
sneezes, or talks and inhales, a person near them can easily breathe it into their lungs. In
addition, Covid-19 can also transfer through surface transmission, wherein when you touched
something that coughed or sneezed on by an infected person and touched your nose or mouth; it
can easily transmit the virus. However, being the least standard transmission method,
contaminated objects or surfaces can only last for 2-3 days. The best way to prevent transmission
is to clean and disinfect surfaces and your hands using alcohol, sanitizer, or disinfectant.
According to the Centers for Disease, Control and Prevention, The symptoms of Covid-19 are
fever, cough, and shortness of breath or having difficulty on breathing, fatigue, body aches or
muscle pain, sore throat, runny nose, vomiting, being nauseous, diarrhea, and inability to smell
and taste. Though there are individuals infected and yet don't possess symptoms and are called
asymptomatic (WebMD).
Furthermore, since it is infectious and deadly, anybody may become infected. As a result,
several safety measures have been put in place throughout the world to avoid a sharp rise in
Covid cases. It includes social distancing, quarantine, face mask and face shields, shifting to
new-normal learning, etc. This pandemic affected masses of people in various aspects but more
especially on students (Ancheta 2020). These affected students' on several factors causing
changes to their lifestyle and academic performance; the discovery of Duy et al. (2020) said that
this pandemic affected the student's sensitivity in making crucial daily routines and plans in vital
health concerns.
The sudden paradigm shift of education has affected student's learning in numerous ways.
Many hindrances, interruptions, and difficulties are present throughout online learning, making it
difficult for students. Among these interventions, one is socio-economic factors; student's e-
Learning experiences were influenced by the said factor Villanueva, M., and Núñez, J. (2020).
Under socio-economic factors are access to resources and parental support. On the same
investigation, the research revealed that despite the resource availability. Other agents influenced
students' e-Learning; such agents could be convenience (having a stable Internet connection, the
right balance of devices, personal study space), or parental influence, as recommended by the
principle. Another hindrance that students encountered is technical and management support
(Gmaeh, D. 2020). Poverty is abundant in the Philippines, and many students, especially in rural
and remote areas, have limited access to the internet. In addition, not all students are
knowledgeable on using the given platform, making it harder to study with this new-normal
learning. Another interruption is due to the abrupt paradigm change in education. Many people,
including teachers and students, experienced unprecedented and lacks adaptability while using
technology (Nabil H. et al., 2021), which they had not experienced before. Subsequently, being
unacquainted with the current curriculum or practices results in a more deficient way of
studying, limiting to obtain a better education. However, it depends on the faculty and student's
Finally, Environmental factors have also begun to influence academic performance; the
study's findings showed that lighting, noise, and temperature have significant direct effects on
student evaluation (Vargas, A. et al., 2020). A healthy, comfortable, and secure environment has
essential to discover the possible hindrances that students had encountered as the researcher is
trying to address or find the possible solution to aid the student's problem that affected their
lifestyle and grades. It is vital to identify any obstacles that students may have experienced as the
researcher attempts to address or explore a possible solution to the student's problem that has
Moreover, Lack of fresh air, exposure to unpleasant humidity, and being exposed to an
overly loud or noisy environment can harm student's academic evaluation and attendance
(Zhong, L. et al. 2020). Similarly, support from relatives, parents, colleagues, teachers, and
instructors plays great appreciation during this E-learning experience; in line with Pajarianto H.
et al. (2020) study, a parent's position as a supporter can reduce stress by providing emotional
Indeed, this pandemic had disordered life worldwide, causing a paradigm shift in living
(Howe, D. et al., 2020). As mentioned by Ali, A; Essa, M. et al., students are no exceptions to
these changes. It has a wide range of impacts on students' lifestyles, causing various
complications and harmful lifestyle choices in areas such as psychological, emotional, and
behavioral aspects. Eating and sleeping routines have shifted dramatically. Screen time has
become a regular habit due to changes that generate plenty of free time, resulting in learners'
Moreover, several studies in the same dissertation have developed that psychological
impacts such as difficulty concentrating, anxiety, traumatic stress symptoms, and so on, affect
learner's lifestyles. (Nabil, H. et al., 2021; Charles, N. et al., 2021), in which the researcher
approves. Bolton et al. (2000); Gao et al. (2004) indicated that this pandemic had a complex
influence on the mental well-being of students. Bo et al. (2020) investigated that changing the
challenges were also causatives affecting the way of living, such as increased alcohol use for
high-level stress or development of AUD- these are the individuals diagnosed with depressive
thoughts. Also, Procrastination has always been present in students; however, as studied by
Lastly, Academic pressure also affects students' way of living that can lead to financial
and family problems, personal circumstances, and medical problems, all of which affect the
learner's performance. Pajarianto H. et al. (2020) revealed that different stress factors, such as the
length of the lesson, anxiety when taking exams or quizzes, and the need for activities and
worksheets that must be submitted and required to complete, make a significant contribution to
educational pressure. The mentioned parameters above are undeniably visible on student's
pandemic where big problems ascended. First and foremost, Academic performance is an
indicator of the student's performance in respective subject areas. Educators and educational
and validated test results. However, despite the unexpected academic hindrances that negatively
affects the student's lifestyle and students expressed negative emotions like uncertainty and
anxiety when transitioning to virtual classes despite the positive evaluation. (Murphy et al.;
Goodman, 2020) indicated that positive thinking and resiliency were good mediators despite
experiencing victimization that affects the mental well-being of students in Wuhan, China. The
present study investigates the prevalence of mental and health problems that can trigger
academic stressors and affects educational performance. Ram et al. (2021) have said that new-
normal learning positively affects students' performance. The same study also discovered the
factors that affect the performance: quality of Instructor, course design, prompt feedback, and
expectations of students. In separate research, rural and urban students possess equal educational
benefits, although exam results that answered using a computer illustrate a better result than
smartphones (Andrew et al., 2021). To add, as explored by the studies of Chenyuan et al.; Al-
Taweel et al. (2021), Despite the sudden shift of learning, students' interest levels remained
constantly high, which I agree due to students were striving to learn independently, giving a
This study coincides with the literature and studies mentioned above from reliable and
credible authors. Honestly, studying at this time of pandemic is heartache where difficulties are
copious. This study wants to scrutinize how much this pandemic affected students' lifestyles and
academic performances and be aware of the existing problems that the students encountered
METHODOLOGY
This chapter focuses on the researcher's research methods and procedures for
systematically answering the specific problems posed for investigation. Moreover, this part
introduces the research methods used by respondents or even the instrumentation and
administration of inquiry.
RESEARCH DESIGN
research design that helps to accumulate the needed data for the study variables to obtain results.
Cross-sectional research compares two or more preexisting groups of individuals using the same
criteria. Because the groups are not randomly selected and the independent variable was not
(including text, video, or audio) to comprehend concepts, opinions, or experiences truly. Also,
non-experimental analysis is classified as research that does not involve the two or more
both characteristics important in experimental designs. This design will help to assert data
collection and generalization to determine the relationship between the variables amidst
Campus. It seeks to address the cause of academic challenges that the students faced and the
effects of those difficulties on the student's lifestyle and academic performances. It entails
responding to questions such as how, how much, how many, what, where, and when.
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
The target sample size of the study will be one hundred (100) Elementary Education
Students (2nd to 3rd year) of Isabela State University – Cauayan Campus. This investigation
covers the school year 2020-2021; to know the hindrances that the students encountered that
affect their lifestyle and assessments. The profile variable that will be included in the study is the
age, gender, year section, parent's income, where their place is situated (Rural or Urban), and
Moreover, the student's 1st-semester grades will play a significant role in measuring
academic performances. The investigation results will base on the respondent's answers as the
researcher aims for the cause and effect of the newly implemented modality towards various
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
The researcher in this study comprises the following instruments to gather up all
of the data obliged to solve the study's specific problems, such as determining the academic
Part I: For the Profile Variables, The standard demographic questions will be used to
Part II: On this part, a Dichotomous question is generally a "Yes/No" question and used
On this variable, a Questionnaire was used to distinguish the data that concerns the
While on this Variable, Leading questions are being used to analyzes the probable
Part IV: Identification questions: you will be expected to identify or define ("who, how
In the last part of collecting data, this type of question will be used to assess the student's
grade throughout New- Normal learning mainly, the 1st semester of School year 2020-2021. The
result on this part will be a great help to determine whether this new learning modality has a
DATA COLLECTION
This section will state the sequence on how the researchers will gather the data:
Initially, the researcher created a title that the professor approved. It also stated what
general problem the study would address. In addition, the researcher uses the correlational
research method as this study measuring three variables and assessing the relationship between
them.
First, the experimenter will first collect and record the specific social platform accounts
(such as Gmail, Messenger, Facebook, etc.) of those who have agreed to participate in the study.
The researcher must find the most convenient platform for the respondents while still possessing
with the consent forms, to the selected individual's messenger accounts or emails. Then the
Last but not the least, following the completion of the questionnaires, the questionnaires
Once the assessment is complete, the researcher will inquire the teacher about the
implications.
DATA ANALYSIS
The researcher used a questionnaire to collect data from respondents. The questionnaire
used by the respondents uses English as the medium of language to gather the data on collecting
the data.
The examiner tabulated all of the respondents' statements. The data obtained by
the instruments were extensively modified and checked for completeness and comprehensibility
before being used. To facilitate tabulation, the edited data have been analyzed and coded for easy
classification. The tallied results were tabulated by analyzing various probabilities such as the
following:
Research question no. 1: The researchers will quantify and identify the
information concerned with the potential problems that the students faced during the pandemic.
Research question no. 2: The investigator will analyze and classify the participants'
evidence and how the academic hindrances affect the student's lifestyle whether negatively r
positively.
Research question no. 3: The Frequency Percentage Distribution will be used to evaluate
the student's academic evaluations in terms of General Weighted Average (GWA) and analyzed
whether the above variables positively or negatively affect the student's performance.
Research question no. 4: The researcher will analyze by comparing the previous-present
grades to have an accurate outcome and to recognize the influence and relationship between the
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