CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL

HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION– Grade XI

AY: 2023-24

Subject: Chemistry (043) Day & Date: Friday, 03-11-2023

Total Marks: 70 Duration: 3 hours

General Instructions:

• This question paper has 33 questions in all with internal choices.

• SECTION A consists of 16 multiple-choice questions carrying 1 mark each.
• SECTION B consists of 5 very short answer questions carrying 2 marks
each.
• SECTION C consists of 7 short answer questions carrying 3 marks each.
• SECTION D consists of 2 case- based questions carrying 4 marks each.
• SECTION E consists of 3 long answer questions carrying 5 marks each.
• All questions are compulsory.
• Use of log tables and calculators is not allowed.

This document consists of 9 printed pages and 1 blank page.

 SECTION A

The following questions (1-16) are multiple-choice questions with one correct answer. Each
question carries 1 mark. There is no internal choice in this section.

1 Identify the species which is isoelectronic with Al3+.

(a) Na
(b) Mg2+
(c) O
(d) Cl–

2 According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, the _________ and velocity of an electron

cannot be determined simultaneously with accuracy which rules out the existence of fixed paths.
(a) Position
(b) Mass
(c) Weight
(d) Mole fraction

3 In one mole of any substance total number of particles (atoms/molecules/ions) are -

(a)12.044 x 1020
(b) 6.022 x 1023
(c) 1 x 1023
(d) 6.023 x 1024

4 The empirical formula and molecular mass of a compound are CH20 and 180g respectively.
What will be the molecular formula of the compound? [Atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1 and O = 16]
(a) C9H1809
(b) CH20
(c) C6H1206
(d) C2H402

5 Identify the molecule having same hybridisation as that of CH4 -

(a) SF6
(b) IF7
(c) BeCl2
(d) NH3

6 Polarity in a molecule and hence the dipole moment depends primarily on electronegativity of
the constituent atoms and shape of a molecule. Which of the following possess zero dipole
moment?
(a) C02
(b) HI
(c) H20
(d) HCl

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 2

7 Identify the species having trigonal planar geometry -
(a) CH4
(b) SF6
(c) BeCl2
(d) BF3

8 Identify the wrong statement about a compound -

(a) A molecule of a compound has atoms of different elements.
(b) A compound cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical methods of
separation.
(c) A compound retains the physical properties of its constituent elements.
(d) The ratio of atoms of different elements in a compound is fixed.

9 Isobars have –
(a) same atomic number but different atomic masses.
(b) same atomic number and same atomic masses.
(c) same atomic mass but different atomic numbers.
(d) different atomic number and different atomic masses.

10 Among halogens, the correct order of amount of electron gain enthalpy is -

(a) F > Cl > Br > I
(b) F < Cl < Br < I
(c) F < Cl > Br > I
(d) F < Cl < Br > I

11 Which of the following is not an example of redox reaction?

(a) Fe202 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3C02
(b) CuO + H2 → Cu + H20
(c) 2K + F2 →2KF
(d) BaCl2 + H2S04 →BaS04 + 2HC1

12 Which of the following elements does not show disproportionation tendency?

(a) Cl
(b) Br
(c) F
(d) I

In the following questions (13 to 16) statement of Assertion (A) followed by statement of
Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.

13 Assertion (A) : A liquid crystallises into a solid and is accompanied by decrease in entropy.
Reason (R) : In crystals, molecules organize in an ordered manner.
(a) A and R both are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) A and R both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A and R both are false.

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 3

14 Assertion (A) : Electronegativity of Chlorine is more than Fluorine.
Reason (R) : Size of Fluorine is more than that of Chlorine.
(a) A and R both are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) A and R both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A and R both are false.

15 Assertion (A) : Atomic size generally decreases from left to right in a period.
Reason (R) : Across a period number of shells remain same whereas nuclear charge increases.
(a) A and R both are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) A and R both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A and R both are false.

16 Assertion (A) : In a sublevel, each orbital is singly occupied before it is doubly occupied.
Reason (R) : The electrons repel each other & do not share orbitals to reduce repulsion.
(a) A and R both are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) A and R both are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A and R both are false.

SECTION B

This section contains 5 questions (17-21) with internal choice in one question. The following
questions are very short answer type and carry 2 marks each.

17 Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to form water and oxygen is considered as an example

of a disproportionation reaction. Explain.

18 Explain why first ionisation energy of nitrogen is more than that of oxygen.

19 The radius of Na+ cation is less than that of Na atom. Give reason.

20 Calculate the oxidation number of S in H2SO4.

Or

Calculate the oxidation number of P in H3PO4.

21 Explain why second ionisation enthalpy of sodium is higher than its first ionisation energy?

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 4

 SECTION C

This section contains 7 questions (22-28) with internal choice in one question. The
following questions are short answer type and carry 3 marks each.

22 Oxygen and Sulphur, both are members of group 16 of periodic table and both combines with
hydrogen to form H2O and H2S respectively. Explain why H2O is a liquid whereas H2S is gas.

23 Explain why the effect of dilution is only observed in case of para-nitro phenol and not in
case of ortho-nitro phenol.

24 Which out of NH3 and NF3 has higher dipole moment and why?

Or

Explain partial covalent character of ionic bond with the help of Fajan’s rule.

25 State first and second law of thermodynamics and write mathematical expression of the first
law of thermodynamics.

26 Write structure, hybridisation and geometry in the case of PCl5 using concept of valence bond
theory.

27 Write IUPAC Nomenclature of elements with following atomic number –

(a) 102
(b) 112
(c) 117

28 Write oxidation number of each element and identify oxidizing agent and reducing agent in
the given equation –

Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu

SECTION D

The following questions (29-30) are case-based questions. Each question has an internal
choice and carries 4 (1M+1M+2M) marks each. Read the passage carefully and answer the
questions that follow.

29 In 1924, de Broglie, proposed that matter, like radiation, should also exhibit dual behaviour
i.e., both particle and wave like properties. This means that just as the photon has momentum as
well as wavelength, electrons should also have momentum as well as wavelength.

Werner Heisenberg a German physicist in1927, stated uncertainty principle which is the
consequence of dual behaviour of matter and radiation. One of the important implications of

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 5

the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is that it rules out existence of definite paths or
trajectories of electrons and other similar particles. The effect of Heisenberg Uncertainty
Principle is significant only for motion of microscopic objects and is negligible for that of
macroscopic objects. It, therefore, means that the precise statements of the position and
momentum of electrons have to be replaced by the statements of probability, that the electron
has at a given position and momentum. This is what happens in the quantum mechanical model
of atom. In Bohr model, an electron is regarded as a charged particle moving in well-defined
circular orbits about the nucleus. The wave character of the electron is not considered in Bohr
model. Further, an orbit is a clearly defined path and this path can completely be defined only if
both the position and the velocity of the electron are known exactly at the same time. This is
not possible according to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Bohr model of the hydrogen
atom, therefore, not only ignores dual behaviour of matter but also contradicts Heisenberg
uncertainty principle. The structure of the atom was needed which could account for wave-
particle duality of matter and be consistent with Heisenberg uncertainty Principle. This came
with the advent of Quantum mechanics. This is mainly because of the fact that classical
mechanics ignores the concept of dual behaviour of matter especially for sub-atomic particles
and the uncertainty principle. The branch of science that takes into account this dual behaviour
of matter is called quantum mechanics.
A large number of orbitals are possible in an atom. Qualitatively these orbitals can be
distinguished by their size, shape and orientation. An orbital of smaller size means there is
more chance of finding the electron near the nucleus. Similarly shape and orientation mean that
there is more probability of finding the electron along certain directions than along others.
Atomic orbitals are precisely distinguished by what are known as quantum numbers. Each
orbital is designated by three quantum numbers labelled as n, l and m1.
The principal quantum number ‘n’ isa positive integer with value of n = 1,2,3…….The
principal quantum number determines the size and to large extent the energy of the orbital.
Azimuthal quantum number. ‘l’ is also known as orbital angular momentum or subsidiary
quantum number. It defines the three-dimensional shape of the orbital.. For a given value of n, l
can have n values ranging from 0 to n – 1, that is, for a given value of n, the possible value of l
are : l = 0, 1, 2, ……….(n–1)
Magnetic orbital quantum number. ‘ml gives information about the spatial orientation of the
orbital with respect to standard set of co-ordinate axis. For any sub-shell (defined by ‘l’ value)
2l+1 values of ml are possible and these values are given buy :ml = – l, – (l –1), – (l–2)… 0,1…
(l –2), (l–1)..
In 1925, George Uhlenbeck and Samuel Goudsmit proposed the presence of the fourth quantum
number known as the electron spin quantum number (ms). electron has, besides charge and
mass, intrinsic spin angular quantum number. Spin angular momentum of the electron — a
vector quantity, can have two orientations relative to the chosen axis. These two orientations
are distinguished by the spin quantum numbers ms which can take the values of +½ or –
½.These are called the two spin states of the electron and are normally represented by two
arrows, ↑ (spin up) and ↓ (spin down).the four quantum numbers provide the following
information :
i) n defines the shell, determines the size of the orbital and also to a large extent the energy of
the orbital.
ii) There are n subshells in the n the shell. L identifies the subshell and determines the shape of
the orbital (see section 2.6.2).There are (2l+1) orbitals of each type in a subshell, that is, one s

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 6

orbital (l = 0), threep orbitals (l = 1) and five d orbitals (l = 2)per subshell. To some extent l
also determines the energy of the orbital in a multi-electron atom. ml designates the orientation
of the orbital. For a given value of l, ml has (2l+1) values, the same as the number of orbitals
per subshell. It means that the number of orbitals is equal to the number of ways in which they
are oriented. ms refers to orientation of the spin of the electron.

Answer the following questions -

(a) Explain why the effect of Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle is significant only for motion of
microscopic objects and is negligible for that of macroscopic objects?

(b) What will be the value of principal quantum number and magnetic quantum number of last
electron of 25Mn2+ or 26Fe3+.

(c) Derive de – Broglie equation.

30 The combination of elements to form compounds is governed by the following five basic
laws.
1) Law of Conservation of Mass-This law was put forth by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789. He
performed careful experimental studies for combustion reactions and reached to the conclusion
that in all physical and chemical changes, there is no net change in mass during the process.
Hence, he reached to the conclusion that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. This is
called ‘Law of Conservation of Mass’.
2) Law of Definite Proportions-This law was given by, a French chemist, Joseph Proust. He
stated that a given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by
weight.
3) Law of Multiple Proportions-This law was proposed by John Dalton. According to this law,
if two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that
combine with a fixed mass of the other element, are in the ratio of small whole numbers.
4) Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes-This law was given by Gay Lussac in 1808. He
observed that when gases combine or are produced in a chemical reaction they do so in a
simple ratio by volume, provided all gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
5) Avogadro’s Law – In 1811, Avogadro proposed that equal volumes of all gases at the same
temperature and pressure should contain equal number of molecules.
Empirical and molecular formula -
An empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio of various atoms present in a
compound, whereas, the molecular formula shows the exact number of different types of atoms
present in a molecule of a compound. If the mass per cent of various elements present in a
compound is known, its empirical formula can be determined. Molecular formula can further
be obtained if the molar mass is known.

Answer the following questions -

(a) Identify the law followed in following case –

Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form two compounds, one water, and another hydrogen
peroxide.

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 7

(b) 45.4 L of dinitrogen reacted with 22.7 L of dioxygen and 45.4 L of nitrous oxide was formed.
The reaction is - 2N2(g) + O2(g) → 2N2O(g)
Which law is being obeyed in this experiment?

(c) Find the empirical formula and the molecular formula of an organic compound from the
data given below:
C=75.92%, H=6.32% and N=17.76%
[C=12, H=1, N=14]

Or

The empirical formula of an organic compound is CH2O. Its vapour density is 45. What will be
the molecular formula of the compound?
[Atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1 and O = 16]

SECTION E

The following questions (31-33) are long answer type and carry 5 marks each. All
questions have an internal choice.

31 Answer the following questions –

(a) What will happen to internal energy if work is done by the system?

(b) Give an example of an isolated system.

(c) What kind of system is coffee held in a cup?

(d) State third law of thermodynamics.

(e) What is entropy?

Or

Answer the following questions –

(a) State Hess’s Law of constant heat summation. Explain it with the help of a diagram.

(b) State conditions for a spontaneous process in terms of ΔGº and ΔStotal.

32 46 g of ethanol (C2H5OH) is dissolved in 18 g of water. Calculate mole fraction of ethanol

and water.
[Atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1 and O = 16]
Or

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 8

An organic compound contains C = 40% , H = 6.67% and O = 53.33% . If molecular mass of
the compound is 60, find its empirical and molecular formula.
[Atomic mass: C = 12, H = 1 and O = 16]

33 Balance the following equation by ion electron method in acidic medium.

Cr2O72- + Fe2+ + H+ → Cr3+ + Fe3+ + H2O

Or

Balance the following equation by oxidation number method in neutral medium.

KMnO4 + H2SO4 + H2C2O4 → K2SO4 + MnSO4 + CO2 + H2O

*****

CRIMSON ANISHA GLOBAL SCHOOL Page 9