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2. VOCABULARY 1 PRONUNCIATION
Listen to each word / phrase. Record each word / phrase. Then listen and
practice your pronunciation.

1.automated

2.clever

3.fair

4.figure out

5.layer

6.obvious

7.predictable

8.reject

9.stand by

10.take over
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3. VOCABULARY 1 PRACTICE
Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.

1. There are _____ differences between the two restaurants. One serves Chinese food, and
the other serves French food.

o fair
o clever
o obvious

2. I am going to _____ the company when my father retires.

o stand by
o reject
o take over

3. I don't like _____ phone messages. I want to talk to a real person.

o automated
o obvious
o predictable

4. The bank will _____ your application for a loan if you don't complete the paperwork
correctly.

o take over
o figure out
o reject

5. Halima is so _____. She's always late.

o predictable
o fair
o automated

6. The flight to Milan is delayed. Please _____ for further announcements.

o stand by
o take over
o figure out

7. The dessert has a _____ of filling between two cookies.

o layer
o reject
o fair

8. Sam is so _____. He solved the problem right away.

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o clever
o fair
o automated

4. LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Listen to the podcast. Then choose the correct words or phrases to complete the
sentences.

1. The guest works with artificial intelligence in architecture / farming /

fashion.
2. Artificial intelligence in agriculture can be better for the government / the
environment / large corporations.
3. Robots can help control weeds by spraying chemicals / using electricity /
pulling the weeds out.
4. Other robots sort food / package food / collect data to help farmers.
5. Farmers can use artificial intelligence to help hire workers / predict
weather / order supplies .
6. Farners in Tanzania / Kenya / India use a phone app to find out what
kind of weeds they have.
7. People started using chemicals on food in the 1970s / 1950s / 2000s.
8. An example of a food that grows really fast is wheat / strawberries /
bananas .

5. LISTENING SKILL Inferring a speaker's attitude

Listen to the sentences. Then choose the word that best describes how the
speaker feels.

1. Is that the kind of thing you are talking about – robots moving over the
farmers' fields?

o angry
o nervous
o uninterested

2. No way! It zaps the weeds?

o surprised
o angry
o nervous
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3. I own a small farm, and I don't see how this is going to help me at all. I
don't have the money for expensive technology. This is just going to help
large corporations and not the small farmer.

o angry
o uninterested
o nervous

4. Um, thanks for taking my call. I'm concerned about the workers.

o angry
o uninterested
o nervous

6. CRITICAL THINKING VIDEO Justifying claims

Wtach the Critical Thinking Video. Then choose the best answer for each
question.

1. According to the video, what is a claim?

o a statement that you consider to be true

o a statement that you consider to be false
o a statement that you heard from a news source

2. According to the video, what is justifying?

o a basic general rule or truth about something

o something that you know has happened or is true
o giving a good reason for something

3. Which way of supporting a claim is better?

o giving researched information from expert sources

o reporting on what a friend wrote on social media

4. According to the video, why is this claim regarded as a fact?

"Automated eye surgery is an important development. After all,
according to the Journal of Cataract Refractive Surgery, cataract
surgery is more common than any other type of surgery."

o It doesn't use data and only supports the claim with opinion.
o It uses well known and researched information.
o It uses information from a source that is not expert or well
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known.

5. According to the video, why is this supporting statement most likely a

"justification with a principle"?
"Space exploration is a good example. It is too dangerous to send
humans flying past Saturn's moons or to set up a research outpost on
Mars."

o The person saying it heard space is dangerous from another

source.
o The person saying it strongly feels that traveling in space is
dangerous.
o The person saying it researched the safety of humans
traveling in space.

6. Which supporting sentence would best support the following claim?

"AI is going to make space travel safer and more accessible to people."

o I read onine that AI can be dangerous for the future of

humans.
o AI is really cool and it can do anything.
o NASA is currently developing AI that will help humans
navigate in space.

7. Which supporting statement would best support the following claim?

"AI is being added to objects that don't really need it."

o According to a recent study, the cost of adding AI to

household objects is still very expensive for consumers.
o I was told that AI isn't really needed in many objects.
o I don't know much about AI, but I don't think it is needed.

8. What kind of support do these statements make for the claim "Social
robots are not needed"?
"Robots made of metal walking around my house may increase the risk
of accidental injury. Also, according to a news article I read, the battery
technology just isn't ready for long-term and safe use in robots."

o justification with principle and justification with fact

o justification with principle
o justification with fact
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7. VOCABULARY 2 PRONUNCIATION
Listen to each word / phrase. Record each word / phrase. Then listen and
practice your pronunciation.

1.be supposed to

2.celebrity

3.companion

4.criterion

5.genius

6.in this case

7.keep up with

8.landscape

9.program

10.take sides

8. VOCABULARY 2 PRACTICE
Complete the sentences with the correct word or phrase from the word bank.
You do not need to use all the words.

in this case criterion landscape genius companion

celebrity keep up with program take sides are supposed to

1. We don't usually take late applications, but I think we will __________ .

2. You have to be a(n) __________ to figure out the problem. It's almost impossible to
solve.
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3. The most important __________ for me in an apartment is its location.

4. Have you ever seen a(n) __________ in a public place? I saw Prince Harry once at a
sports event.
5. Jessica is a very fast runner. Most people can't __________ her.
6. When parents have an argument, they shouldn't ask their children to __________ .
7. We should hurry up. We __________ arrive at 7 p.m.
8. I don't know how to __________ the TV.

9. VOCABULARY SKILL Using the dictionary

Read the sentences. Then match each sentence to the correct definition for the
word in bold. Pay attention to the part of speech. You do not need to use all the
definitions.

(n.) liquid that was poured out by accident (n.) a fall from a bicycle or a horse

(n.) a factory (n.) a spy (v.) to place a seed somewhere to grow

(v.) to tell private information to someone (v.) to hide something for a secret purpose

(v.) to cause a liquid to pour out of its container (v.) to put in a certain position

1. What a mess! Please clean up that spill.

2. That plant pollutes the water with chemicals.
3. Tankers spill oil into the ocean every year.
4. She planted a kiss on her daughter's forehead.
5. He didn't want to tell me, but finally,
he spilled his secret.
6. The newspaper used a plant to get the story.
7. She took a bad spill and broke her arm.
8. He planted the stolen ring in my coat, so I was
blamed.

10. GRAMMAR 1 Gerunds and infinitives

Move each verb into the correct category.

like decide hate dislike finish plan admit

prefer enjoy begin discuss hope love learn agree

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Verbs followed only by Verbs followed only by Verbs followed by either a

gerunds infinitives gerund or an infinitive

11. GRAMMAR EXPANSION Gerunds and infinitives

Read about verbs taking gerunds or infinitives with a difference in meaning.
Then complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
Use the gerund or infinitive form.
Verbs taking gerunds or infinitives with a difference in meaning

Some verbs can take either gerunds or infinitives, but they have a difference in meaning.

When a gerund follows stop, forget, and remember, it refers to something that happened before the
action of the main verb. When an infinitive follows, it refers to something that happened after the
action of the main verb.

I stopped playing golf.

(I used to play golf. Then I stopped.)

I stopped to play golf.

(I stopped what I was doing. Then I played golf.)

He remembered writing the number down.

(He wrote the number down. Then he remembered doing it.)

He remembered to write the number down.

(He remembered to write the number down. Then he wrote it.)

The verb forget is usually used with an infinitive. With a gerund, forget is most common in sentences
with will never.

I forgot to make dinner for her birthday. She was upset with me.
(I forgot, so I didn't make dinner.)

I'll never forget making dinner for her birthday. It was a very complicated recipe.
(I made dinner for her birthday. I won't forget it.)

1. I forgot _______ (close) the windows and the floor got wet.
2. You need to remember _______ (turn off) the stove, or we might have a fire.
3. Omar stopped _______ (exercise) every day, and now he is gaining weight.
4. I remember _______ (get) the letter on a Saturday because I wasn't at work.
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5. Can you stop _______ (buy) milk on the way home? We don't have any in the house.
6. Danny will never forget _______ (swim) with the dolphins. It was the highlight of his
vacation.
7. The teacher didn't remember _______ (give) us the quiz until it was too late. We'll have
one tomorrow instead.
8. The boy remembers _______ (walk) to school, but he doesn't remember anything about
the accident.
9. Would you please remember _______ (water) my garden while I'm away? I don't
want the plants to die.
10. Mike stopped _______ (call) his mother before he finished cooking. It was her birthday
and he didn't want to forget.

12. PRONUNCIATION Stress in important words

Read and listen to the sentences from the radio report. Repeat the sentences.
Practice stressing the important words. Record and listen to yourself.

1.They have different parts that you can add or remove.

2.Do you mean it sprays chemicals?

3.No, actually, it uses electricity to kill the weeds.

4.So farmers can grow food that is safer to eat.

5.And other robots move through the fields and collect information.

6.A lot of our listeners are interested in this topic.

13. SPEAKING SKILL Leading a group discussion

Choose the correct phrases to complete the group discussion.

Leader: Alright. Let's get started. Today we're going to discuss / Let's get back to the
topic / What's your opinion? artificial intelligence in caregiving. First of all, what are the
advantages of using robots as caregivers? Gina, sorry, can we keep to the topic? / our topic
today is? / what do you think?
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Gina: Well, I think there are a lot of things a robot can do to help elderly or disabled people.
It might help people live more independent lives.
Leader: That's all we have time for today / What's your opinion / Can we get back to the
topic , Lisa?
Lisa: Robots can do many things that a human caretaker might do, like get things from the
kitchen or clean the house.
Leader: Good points. Karl, to sum up then. / our topic today is oil spills. / do you have
anything to add?

Karl: I don't know. My grandfather is pretty old, and he still runs marathons.
Mark: Really? How much does he run a week?
Leader: To sum up. / I think we need to return to the topic. / That's all we have time for
today. Mark, do you think using robots to care for people is a good thing or a bad thing?
Mark: Well, robots might be able to do some things, but I think human caretakers make
much better companions.
Leader: Great. Okay, to sum up / what do you think? / let's get back to the topic , we've
talked about some good reasons to use robots as caretakers but also some reasons why
humans might be better.

14. NOTE-TAKING SKILL Building an outline to take

notes on
Listen to the radio report. Put the notes in the correct order to make an outline.

phone apps to identify weeds

Small farming robots
like tractors, with changing parts to plant and weed
collect information in the field
make factors like weather more predictable
Other forms of AI

1
.
2
.
3
.
4
.
5
.
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6
.

15. ALTERNATIVE UNIT ASSIGNMENT

Read and listen to the assignment. Then speak for one minute about the topic.
Record and listen to your response.
Think about the ways you use artificial intelligence in your life now. How
does it help you? Are there any problems it causes? How do you think we
might use AI in the future? While you talk, pay attention to gerunds and
infinitives as the objects of verbs.

17. TRACK YOUR SUCCESS Vocabulary review

Here are some words you learned in this unit. Are the words nouns, verbs, or
adjectives? Move each word in the correct category. Then go to Tools to see all
the words from the unit.
celebrity criterion automated layer figure out predictable

reject stand by companion clever take sides take over

genius fair obvious

Nouns Verbs and verb phrases Adjectives