Conductivity Debye-haeckel onsager equation Galvanic cell

k-i-g-tr.la →
spontaneous mean

for strong electrolytes occurs on = ne

-

R = Gx G*
Current Anode
flow to
→

Molar conductance
✗
m= Amos -
b. To
cathode
Xm = K ✗

M
1000

,
^
>
↳ ( internat )
Cathode to anode
( external )
Equivalent conductance
✗
ey=
K ✗✓ = KX 1000 Electrochemistry
N Electrolytic cell
>
→ Non
Kohlraush law <
-

spontaneous redonrean
→ oh > 0
✓
XD m
=
Ninfa tyimp Nernst equation
→ Cathode -
reduction
→ Anode → onidateon
RI enc Product]
ka={÷,(
E= Eo
)
→ source → direct current
-

✗ < 5%
[Reactant ]
at
nf
Efficiency In )=%u= -1¥
7=298 K
Ñm =
KX 1000
E=E° 0.0591 [Product]
s
logio[ Faradays law
-

n
reactant ]
1st law → w=zxixt
Cell
representation for concentration cell
2nd Exixt
ELu= Wynn law → w =

/ / / Wrote /
Anode Anode
half cathode 9050°

oxidising Power
all
✗ srpsnysop
electrolyte electrolyte ¥ __W§z=Y§= constant .

Reducing Power So PL YSRP ,

✗
-> Primary cells cannot be charged. Eg- dry cell,mercury cell.
->Secondary cells can be recharged. Eg- Ni-Cd cell & lead storage battery.
->Fuel cell produce energy from the combustion of fuels which can be converted into electrical
energy. Eg- H2O2 fuel cell.

Name of cell/ Anode Cathode Electrolyte

battery

Dry cell Zinc Graphite; MnO2 + C NH4Cl + ZnCl2 (touching

(touching cathode) anode)

Mercury cell (used in Zinc- Paste of HgO & Paste of KOH &
watches,hearing aids) mercury carbon ZnO
amalgum

Lead storage battery Lead Lead dioxide PbO2 H2SO4 (38%)

Ni-Cd cell Cadmium [Ni(OH)3] KOH solution

H2O2 Fuel cell Porous carbon Porous carbon Conc. Aq. NaOH
containing catalysts containing catalysts solution
(H2 passed) (O2 passed)

Reactions in lead storage battery during discharge:

At anode:- Pb ) -1 505
(s Pbsoycs] -12 e-
>

At cathode:- 4Mt Pboz (g) +5042 > Pbsoy ( )

-

-1
2h20
-

+ + Ze s

Complete reaction: Pts , -1 Pboz ( ) -1 24250g s Zpbsoycs, -12420

→