Titshlteattxhmger

TA8K1_ Heat freshwater

-
stem

bar
saturated steam Ps = 612
Saturated Sleman Condensed
water Or 40°C And will be dyiplthle without
Entry temp =

and
delays mderoohry
outlet on 80°C
temp ur =
we,
'
A 4<5 M
transfer area =

Heat transfer coefrciert steam -

wall ✗
I =

80004
di
Wall thickness = 3 MM
MZ.hr
Hemet transmission wall 71
coefficient =
54 w/
boiler scathe
coat thickness dz= oil man m?

Heat transmission coefficient bother scale

☒ 2=018
my
transfer coefficient boiler scare wdtr
MY
Heat -

Determine the heat flow !

✗ 2=66004
win

v.in cp
}
= AO heat flow /
Ao
.

.
-

-
main

① = K .
A .

AOM heat content logarithmic

temp

=J+-É
heat
difference
✗ = transfer
✗ =
thermal
conductivity
S =
thickness .

✗i = medium I
✗ z
= medium 2

OB big temp

t.fi?y-Aqg-?sos--
:

do small temp
:
 I 3
= Ni .
C. AO 40+273 =3

80+273 =
353 IT
⑥ : E. A. AOBM

40m =
353--313 = 332,599
In
¥3

ñ¥÷÷+%;-
⇐

= 507,17 2,533

= 507 , 17.415 .
332,599
759079,05
=

0,0001201-4%-0459.10-5
solution the table .

From
→
°C
160,12

" "

÷
"
•
=÷-÷÷
i E- 98,8-77
*

2
418m

=÷÷÷+•÷T 5071*7 ÷
=

507 , 17 .
4 it .
98178-7
=

Watt
=
228420

= 225,42 * W
✗
TASK 2

heathrow in the desnqn

Outer dimeter D= 40mm

MM
tube wall de =m2☒§
thickness

heat transmission
coefficient of the wall 7--54
4m£
wall Ow 380°C
Avenge temperature
=

radiant wall Ew = 0156

emission fluent

W/ Mt )
co

(
heat
transfer cop water -
steam ✗ 2--8400
Ash thickness Xz ash coating
coating o > mm
.

W/my
,
Xz -0103
Exhwstg#
current
speed at
superheated CG =
AMG
kinematic V46 VG 35 MMTS
=

Specific heat opacity Cp -1-1,27 1-7/596

1132 v9 / m3
Density PG =

oG=goo°c
Arrange temp
gas temp EGCTG ) = 1,52
Emission coefficient
wall EGCTW ) =
1146
Emission coefficient temp

¥I÷÷Ei ✗ steam

Mussels Member
Nu
✗ EG
=

" "
C. Re ? Pr
Re :
Reynold nm
Nu = 1111

nunc
.

Pr =
Prandtl

depend
}
=
an

on =
Re
 EI
"""¥Ia*G
'
Re =
Pr = .

lo
Vea
c- speed
d--
diameter Pipe
"

✗ radiation
= Ewa " -8 -
( EG asteras -

TEA ,
-

Eaa # Iwai , ) .

[ wall

batsman

TGEray
mymÉm d -7 outside demen

Re="É
- d
& ash coat

D= 40mm to - 3mm ☒ 2

w/y
= 40 '
'
=

pr.tn#?Y*YjIY**c--
=a•ao

011764
Mr. 01618
=
1955,1

tJk=1 Nu
the
=

=
1111.01174
373,328
(46407%19558)%1

w/ MZK
✗ rad =

15915m¥ ,
E- 74196
 Aersippyrooher
→ sensor as exhaust gas
Regulator Air Sippy ↳ ✗ sensor

drab di exhaust gas U minimum oxygen

←
demand to mate
oxygen ya app atn
qaq
combustion
complete
#ga
.

Ea amp ya
. -

combustion
berni gas compute
.

Marine boilers → use the

flow through furnace
" "

called as
drought

t
"
"

↳ Arrnyadi compressed fared drought

tan used
large is
-

Fresh air is preheated to protect from the

steel also
Heat schools not good for the .

&
mixture
good for f Ethwst I fresh air
the '

#¥tÉ
vacam ☒

Titian
.

230in
DESIGNS.co
) Recuperative economizer

economizer
•
) regenerative

economizer
•
1 Steam powered

are
"
Both gasses

÷
separated by Rates
Air

or pipes
cannot
a) Extra 4- gas Air

drop from saturated

temp of exhaust 94
because can create
(1+2804)
•

) Using
Heat
transfer ,

need to be cleaned
Reqereratiuetl-pnhe.am

1) Has a
rotor
with tin package rotary

IÉÉ
like design 1 tipi pane Stan
↳ some
Kindsofcombnstwnltrr

¥¥¥÷
•
) Prime ar
1-
entry
a)
Secondary air

a) Tenting Air

Secondary
.

tone

printer the

e) Prime Ar

↳ bring together
with fuel

a) Secondary Air

↳ bright direct
tocombvtrontone
|byy
4 Mr
Terry
↳ for boiler unit
big
↳ support to reduce temperature to reduce Hox

due to
high tempt .
hiqhcomb .tl#mprahnejZeldovicC
NOxpoomeml.by
fuel Nox

Nox
a) Prompt
-1 Thermal NOx → the most share

↳ created
by
?)

:÷÷÷÷÷÷÷- the burner

additional core air to cool
e)

( around I ar 2)
End with ✗
1 of burning
•

optimal
by feeding tntry air

control for balers

TA : Air supply
controller
using PID

Exhaust gas treatment

-

sucrrvbber → reduce Sox "

"
Effort
SCR → reduce Nox →

reduce core emission

reducing fuel →
 dust
• 7 Cleary
e) desvlphirltation scnbbrnon)
( How
↳ water &
. -

son Prnapn

Twite Amma ! NH , !

In ship → we only use SCR -

sat , because the

stand
H -

Eat
cannot sulphur .
Dust removal
-
L
-*K
with stem heat
water
To heat Fresh
:
data
are follow known

exchanger
Precondition

6,2 bar
saturated steam P☐ =

That entry tenet water

) WE = 40°C
and ls
The saturated Stearn condensed

&
dissipated without
delay undercoating
Heat
exchanger :

transfer Aren A fact MZ

heattrsf Get Stan - ✗ e-

-
8000 w
/m2k
wall

wall thickness de = 3
mm

71=5415
W/ M K
d
2=011 Mm

✗ a =
018 W/ Mk
✗ C.
z = 00
W/m2 K
nip =
40 to /n
Ñhtzo =
1500kg / n
CP
Ai 'S
/ but
=

1-7
Runs

É =
ii. A. AOM * =
8¥22 +
¥2
f- = in
cp AO Iom
LHB-AO.at
.

AIB in Ao
In
.cp
= .

Aos
ie in
g. (8*-100)
=
.

§ :
in .
oh a- = in stem Ah .

É = .
ai stench
"
-

h
'

)
solution :

=ñ¥÷+É:÷)+÷T
f- = 507.7

4h = 27756cg -

676 ,
ol

= 2080,8g
 = do .

2080,8g
=
83 23516 W

= 83,235 kW

83,235 = 80717.415 .
AOM

8323515 2284165
= - AOM

36143 = 10m

;I€¥*÷
"

*
 -3600
@
83,235/3600
=

☒ = 23112 any
3
4/18

6- = vii. Cp ( Oa -
Gg ) 16,7%2
85235,6=1500.4181×-40 )
83,235.10-3 =
1500.4118×-167,2

55,4g =
Acid ✗ -

16712

4118
222,6g = ✗

531275 = XOB
TAUGHT U = Hutt transfer unit

MTV k É
=
where ,
Mrcp -_

ni .cp

÷✗
it
MTV = 1¥
*
?
Non -

dimensional teptch.ge? ,
,
Rz

P ,=4- .
,

ii. vi tutor :
ther -
dnersvnl flow

" = r .=ñ
in 2. Cpz

"
=

=
met

outlet
Ra
=Ñm?;?÷
-

wat+=%_\
 t.in?-opR--:I!:.: EiHTv=43-#-5-4m2
"' "

1000.41¢
.me
.io#*Ia!I---?:I-.---l.gg
¥÷Y¥ ;÷=
""
Ra = 015
,

83592
=

1199
_÷
=
=
2

0138
Piz : 017 Pg :

48 - ✗

!÷a3&es
" 9 1 12 =

→ one =

one .
.

i
→

=ao
"' •

017 -16,8=24 ✗
-

k"=a)÷¥;÷
+
-

-
=

✗=7I /
✗ 40 8

¥¥÷
= i
 Co -
Cross TYTU Graph :

0138 -

at

Pz = 017

f 0138

j_lw1@tw.s
 Studentisches Wohnen

Erteilung einer Einzugsermächtigung und eines SEPA-Lastschrift-Mandats

Gläubiger-Identifikationsnummer:DE88ZZZ00000078992; Mandatsreferenz. : 28563

Persönliche Daten Miet-Nr.: 202196

Familienname: Seciawanto

Vorname: Joel Herdian

Geburtsdatum: 23.08.2001

Heimatanschrift

Straße: Beryl Timur No 42, Tangerang

Postleitzahl, Ort: 15810 Tangerang

1. Einzugsermächtigung
Ich ermächtige das Studierendenwerk Rostock-Wismar hiermit widerruflich, die von mir zu entrichtenden
Zahlungen, die sich aus der Nutzung meines Wohnheimplatzes ergeben (Festlegung im Mietvertrag) bei
Fälligkeit, zu Lasten meines Kontos mittels Lastschrift einzuziehen.

2. SEPA-Lastschrift-Mandat
Ich ermächtige das Studierendenwerk Rostock-Wismar, Zahlungen von meinem Konto mittels Lastschrift
einzuziehen. Zugleich weise ich mein Kreditinstitut an, die von dem Studentenwerk Rostock auf mein
Konto gezogene Lastschrift einzulösen. Hinweis: Ich kann innerhalb von acht Wochen, beginnend mit
dem Belastungsdatum, die Erstattung des belasteten Betrages verlangen. Es gelten dabei die mit meinem
Kreditinstitut vereinbarten Bedingungen.

Bankinstitut (Name)………..................................................... BIC -

IBAN: - - - - -

Beginn der Abbuchung

Monat Jahr

Kontoinhaber .......................................................................
Name, Vorname (falls nicht identisch mit oben angebenen Namen)
Anschrift des Kontoinhabers (nur eintragen, wenn Mieter und Kontoinhaber nicht identisch)

Straße: _______________________________________________

Postleitzahl, Ort: _______________________________________________

Die Verarbeitung Ihrer personenbezogenen daten erfolgt nur zum Lastschrifteinzug des vertraglich geschuldeten Mietzinses bzw.
der Kaution.
Die Daten werden solange aufbewahrt, wie sie für die Durchführung des Vertrages erforderlich sind.
Eine Löschung erfolgt regelmäßig nach Vertragsbeendigung.

................................... .......................................
Ort, Datum Unterschrift des Kontoinhabers

........................................
Unterschrift Mieter
wenn nicht identisch mit Kontoinhaber
① = ?

É= vi. cp ( Os -0*1

Ahh
( 16.8¥ )
Oi 1000.174h
4118
k%*
-

=
water

4118 ) 168
;%÷IYs
= .
K
. .

4¥ .
148 .

W#
=
19,5 kW

Iot = . 1,67 .
(9/72)

= 22,545
kW

error
"%÷Iñ
Analysis .
Loo
cool
free =
É'e_ .
.
=
Ashi In mass %
ash content

,¥
A
104
:

ASH Number =

4kg4, )
.

( Za) Hui Net Calorific Valve

i :-D
campy
Lignite Awtmehrte

A--3% A =
74 ,

Hu -8380kt/ Hr 29330 HIM

by
. =

ta -
-

g÷o • 104

Za
= 3150 /my
9

Watocortmt
humidity
Water content =
rough humidity
+
hygroscopic
coal
which surface
hvnndhy adhesive on

Rough
.

Hygroscopic hollow space C capillary )

:
In macroscopic etc
srlphrcatntinfel
1808216
Fuel -7 viscosity
Cest ) @ 450°
+

RM G 180-111-1=0180
Fuel → DM A → MGO
380-111-1=0380
B. → MDO

c -7 ÷
,
700

D
r

i old !
←
teen !
 Boiler Kent
-

•
Feed water
pump → highest Pressure lines to avoid

cavitytitian
↳ highest energy consumer
of
a boiler plant C 2- a % gross power )

Pre
<

heating
-

of the steam
or
regenerative pre
-

heating
↳ economizer
↳ necessary
( > Increase
to use

temp
residual heat

until almost
and

reach
boring
prevent

point
-
thermal tension

↳ due to steel

characteristics

Condesente
Rmp
•

↳ deliver water tart

condensate in
feed
I high
1 Inlet
↳ no minerals

1 Condensate purification

↳
Rough Filter
-
laboratory Huse 04
7 summer
•
DIAGRAM
① ☐
.
=

Ñlrctnqmt -

(h ,
-

hq )

lag
exp
*
É* ⑥

☒ cool box

Niretnqemt (
② c =
h2 hs ) -

V. Ñ ✓ then" "
Ni
Pregnant "
=
= "

↳ piston
fury
✓ two meal =
B :c " '
stroke . A
cylinders . Rpm
compressor F-
Ic ÉHZO → É Ñhtzo Cp Hui AO
Hyo
= = .

Y ¥÷a 100%
-

-
.

Power

↳ to the
compressor element
→ current
 ^

Natural circulation

@
[ t
Piwerdnm =
Pupprdnm -1 P g th
.

trave

Pia > Pud

• Water
hypothermia
0
◦ heat adding in riser tubes up to
boiling point
-

-
•

hypomania water entered the

botany Pipe

¥ÉMwm boiling start an heated wall

! bubble boiling
*

only
-

one
phase
water current

• All tubes must be heated

• In low load water circulation is critical

↳ to Prevent tubes then flow wit cool down
overheating ,

the pipes .

De
studying only case maximum water level
•
in
of
?
•

high water mass is

energy savvy

Forced Circulation

•pm1 support the water circulation

• Current conditions .
Parasol tubes must be stabilized
Nozzle C La Mart Boiler )
Flow has to be organized by
-
-

•
Operation behaviour by Forced Circulation

Fault
P
^
one

1-
.É
☒
pic • Water circulation

number
depending
on
is

panting point bow diversion and

takes an amount of
4 to 7

U =
NHI
V Wi steam

•
too small water circulation -

→
cooling effect is low

• to keep the Pipe charters tics the same ,

we se nozzle
[ la -
Mont -

boiler
)

once through system

-

•
Place of evaporation starts depending to :
2
heat Per mi
→ specific quantity 9

t
rich
→
←_
required
ÑÉÉÉmt at
outlet

ñ◦(Y) avg.ie?-LPre)-
✗out
1pm
=

=
 Superheated
%
'

radiation

fpeoifc
heat
tnuhmhht

Steam generating power %

PWcessanlxh-ust.de
length of flame
•

the tonne ↑ tempt

smaller
-

↳ direction ,

• Exhaust gas temp

↳

Exhaust gas quantity

(0ndensateMaragemat-
Heat, Ventilation &
Air Condition

Faculty of Engineering
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rom Rabe

e-mail: jean_rom.rabe@hs-wismar.de
EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 2

I. Boiler II. Firing System III. Combustion Air

Supplying

IV. Fuels V. Feed Water VI. Water Steam

Circulation

VII. Condensate VIII. Thermal Oil

Management

IX. Legal Regulations X. Safety Equipment XI. Boiler Damage

XII. Boiler Operation

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 3

Overview

Basics of condensate management

Dimensioning of steam heated heat transmitter

Arrangement of heat transmission areas

Condensate drain

Flash steam

Dimensioning of steam and condensate pipes

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 4

Water Steam for Heat Transporter

Water is mostly the economical best solution for heat
transportation

Advantages:
less expensive media

high heat stream density

high transmitted heat stream per m2 heating area

simple plants with high operation safety

nearly constant temperature during heat dissipation

Disadvantage
required pressure is depending of temperature
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 5

Dimensioning of Steam Heated Heat Transmitter

Steam condition takes influence on heat transmission

super heated steam α = 700 – 1.200 W/m² K

saturated steam α = 9.000 – 14.000 W/m² K

Condensate α = 2.300 – 7.000 W/m² K

Dominant transmission of condensation heat

If possible, use saturated steam

Dissipate the condensate without delay

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 6

Condensing Process

Drop condensation Film condensation

steam
condensate nucleus band condensate nucleus band
together on surface to drops together on surface to closed film granite ,

condensate drops runs down condensate film runs down arms

(gravity) Frm
ring
↓
surface is partly free of closed thickness of condensate film raise
condensate film in escape direction
water
high heat transfer resistant
.

small heat transfer resistant

small part of hyperthermia hyperthermia condensate
condensate because the wall Is lower
tempt than the steam
the
Pe
inside .

in practical operation occurs mostly film condensation

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 7

Dimensioning Principle
Steam and condensate should flow in same direction
support condensate draining

For tube heat exchanger leads the condensate on outside

taller transmission area, lower condensate film thickness

Pipes with flow on outside, arrange the pipes in horizontal direction

condensate runs down of pipe on shortest way

0--04
Flows the steam on inside of pipes, incline these by 10 to 20 °
condensate runs down well directed

In vertical arranging exist the risk of water hit

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 8

Summary of Dimensioning

Arranging of heat exchanger depending of steam guiding

For best using of areas only transfer of condensing heat

Avoid condensate stow

Dissipate the condensate as possible

Dissipate non condensing gases as possible

Condensate must dissipated well directed

EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 9

Regulation of Steam Heated Heat Exchanger

temperature
regulation valve

temperature sensor

condensate drainer
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 10

Separation of Steam and Condensate System

Steam heated heat exchanger and condensate system

must be separated

High pressure in steam system and steam heating

Low pressure in condensate system

Separation is carry out by condensate drainer

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 11

Claims on Condensate Drainer

Hold steam back

Draining of condensate

Together with condensate dissipates the air

Condensate drainer must react on pressure and quantity

sways in wide range as possible
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 12

Designs of Condensate Drainer

Kind of drainer Working principle

Swimming drainer level controlled

Duo steel drainer Pressure and temperature

controlled

Membrane drainer Temperature controlled

Thermodynamic drainer Pressure controlled

Bell swimmer drainer Buoyancy controlled

 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 13

Working Principle of Swimming Drainer

1. dissipating of air 2. draining of condensate 3. hold steam back

EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 14

Working Principle of Swimming Drainer

manual
ventilation bellows
body thermostat
(autamtically
ventilation)

ventilation
thermostat control
equipment

closed ball
swimmer

rolling ball closed cover

minimum
level
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 15

Working Principle Duo Steel Drainer (thermo static)

bimetal package
bolted cover react on changing of
temperatures

thermo governor

temp. sensor
made of bimetal

connecting
extensive dirty filter
points
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 16

Working Principle of Membrane Drainer (thermo static)

fixed like an
pressure button

Membrane
reacts on
changing of
temperature
Membrane
governor

connecting
points extensive dirty filter
EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 17

Working Principle of Thermodynamic Drainer

Start process
- pressure of condensate and
air lift the valve plate
- condensate and air are
dissipated very fast
Operation
- when steam streams in, a
certain pressure is developed over
the valve plate. This pressure is
higher than the pressure under the
plate
- valve plate is pressed on seat by
steam pressure
- drainer is closed
- the working pressure in the upper
area fell down when the steam
changed to condensate
- the pressure on the bottom side is
now higher and lift the plate
- condensate can dissipated
- steam close the valve
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 18

Working Principle of Bell Swimmer Drainer

Operation
- steam streams in commonly with condensate
- with rising steam content rise also the buoyancy
Start process - swimmer moves up
- swimmer in lower position valve is open - valve is closed
- condensate and air flows in - air and gas escape the swimmer by a small hole
- condensate fill up swimmer and case in upper part
- swimmer lays on bottom of drainer - steam flows also out and condensed in case
- valve is open and condensate is dissipated - swimmer loss the buoyancy and sink down
- valve is open and condensate can dissipated
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 19

Example for Condensate Drainer

condensate drainer of type

steam heated preheater of Spirax FT14
separator station
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 20

Condensate Drainer type Spirax FT 14

1 cover 7 bolts N holder

2 hexagon bolt 8 swimmer with lever J valve seat
3 cover sealing 9 ventilation M plate
4 body 10 holder H steering capsule
5 main valve seat 11 turning pin L spring clip
6 seat sealing 12 valve spring
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 21

Mistake in Mounting Process

Preheater was not warm!! Path way was closed, operation was
Where is the cause?? never given!!
Who has approved that???
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 22

Flash Steam

psteam >> pcondensate

Condensate drainer separated the both systems:

steam and condensate

drainer creates an different pressure

behind drainer comes to a pressure reduction

Cold water, steam and water in boiling conditions have different

reduction behavior
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 23

Pressure Reducing from 5 to 0 bar Overpressure

Reducing of 1m3 from 5 to 0 bar

case 1cold water

volume growth = 1 m3
after reducing

1m3 before reducing

178 m3 after 5.4 m3 after

case 2 steam case 3 saturated reducing
reducing
steam
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 24

Calculation of Volume Growth

Water in boiling conditions at 6 bar h‘ = 670,4 kJ/kg
Reducing by 5 bar h‘ = 417,5 kJ/kg
Reducing process released energy of 252.9 kJ/kg
∆h of 252,9 kJ/kg arise that a share of water evaporated by 1 bar
Necessary evaporation heat by 1 bar r = 2257,5 kJ/kg
evaporeted share is calculated by

from 1 kg condensate evaporates:

med= 0.112 kg by v’’ = 1.694 m3/kg
Ved = 0.19 m3 (index ed = flash steam)

1kg boiling water creates during reducing from 6 to1 bar 190 liter flash
steam
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 25

Calculation Basic Flash Steam

1 2 condensate +
condensate
Kondensat
flash
Kondensatsteam
Entspannungsdampf +

mED 𝟏 𝟐

𝟐
 EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 26

Exercise: dimension steam- and condensate-pipes

T1 = 144 °C
T2 = 130 °C

TC = 104,8 °C
EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 27

wet steam cooled steam

cond. water dry steam

EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 28

EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 29

EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 30

EM 12 Heat Ventilation and Air Condition Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rabe / Dr. Sutopo Purwono Fitri

2022 Condensate Management 31

Thevmu
oil Is For
• the only heating , no

evaporation

Sy athletics
or
017 can
be
mineral
•
The

•
have to endure min .
1 Year
•
keep minimum difference Of 50k

between syppuly
and mat
tempt

Y.ILY.in?mY:Ieenanaai- anion

heat .

added
↳ If
the
energy is
higher than

the cohesion forces then

,

CRACK PROCESS

Creates Molecules fraction :

•

L .
> .
reactor Product
-

molecules etc _ .
 Degradation product
Consequence of
-

• Gas
heat
↳
' disturbance tnfu
cavitation
pump
-

on

↑ low volatile product

↳ decrease Viscosity
etc .

Thermal oil
Decomposing of
-

•
Significant composing Her 250°C

Is carried out all part

•

Decomposing
•
it plant
decamp
-
Vdbé
#
Monn =
decani
fill up V01
/y
nb
Decomposing important tempt
:
, for Middle
 composing ratio
of 105

→ Gop 1 oil mineral 280°C

sytsell ON 325°C
depytlloxyde 3801

ltgingcoxidatr.no/-thema#
to 68C
&
up aging process is

scarcely measurable

60% duties pv lobe

◦ over

Heater -

Design and Cartman -

IÉÉhoe then

Dermis able

• on current Is created forced are

Avoid
•
damaging by resonance from exhaust
 Ur

• In kind df teashop In heater

, fluids
should never enter the
engine of
turbocharger

Equipment
•
Must heequppud W/ I fqeryvdle
p

need sensor
Feed & return
temp
Display on current
•

•
Flow must be limit
upper , It
Fell the burner will
stop
,

•
All tours most
overpressure
capable 2bar

to s
•
Expansion this Is neededd ply when

overflow of the oil

there IS blackout ,
or
by
Increasing volume of oil due to Hrp .
Boilersafetyfystun
1) Dangerous because it has combination
of
heat

& pressure .

Also
safety system
IS
• > control system
not otherwise around .

Isenctial Hitler
safety
Water level
-

N↓StM
Stearn system
pressure
-

Combustion
system
-

superheated pressure system .

watrlevetfyrtum.ae
↳
¥-1
Runs
depending on
water level

/ ↓ pump
pump off
on
•
The
pump delved
Minimum water
↓ minimum water level
fear to prevent
overheating .
 Pressure Regulation
876m

-
rugrat
urn
type of
-

→ constant pressure

Pressure
→ siding
fading pressure
→
modified program

combustor
-

with correction Lambda 04

→ regulator af
the exhaust gag
↳ like f-Oz direct with the
→ proportional
fuel flow

↑ Ever → ↑ Conan exhaust

gas
t.pk
↑ Air
supply
safetyli.sk#nrtS
water keel pressure
↳ device limitation
, ,
for

temperature
→ Flame
detecting
against backflow
monitoring blocking
-

→ current

LIMING active when

achieving
limit level / Shroud avoid

Pennis sabre parameter

excideedng
water level limiter
•

←
Pressure limiter

limiter
•
temperature

SaµyVa mechanical
Use
releasing
7
↳ pressure
value
/ media [
spring , etc /
• Direct effective
use electric
• controlled safety valve →
SEMINARTAtks-TAsh-9817-TAEhg.ci
Elementary Analysis
81134 .

H=
415%
Mixer =
315 kg /j
N -

115%
Oxygen on Exhaust = 1,4%
s =
011 %
CO2 content on exhaust 178 %
0
=
=
4%
A =
415%
Air Economizer W
: =
315%
Design cross flow =
435 W/m2 K

Mkt temperature exhaust OEG 300°C

gas , in =

Radiation &
transfer to "
Flaco =
98%
a 't
Suction tempt Dair , in =
25°C

outlet a 't
tempt
0 out
air , = 130°C
water
loading of the air
✗ I /
=
9 -1120
to
dry
air

Dry air end :

☆ = 101,325 kPa

D= 0°C

Cp = 1005 KJ / ry -
k

Z = 11293 1-3 / m2
 Formulas :

#
✗ = It
F. U2
;
T = I +
{ -

(H -

¥)

Mia ,,
= Mair min
-

ÑBr . X ; Mair.mn =
61159 . K#

K = 1,866 .
C

mi
viren =
hiwft +
Br

Exhaust 94
tempt

=É( Cp outlet .
⑨ outlet -

Cp inlet .
nut )

QEG = MEG CPm.ee .

,
'

( 0 outlet -
Diner )

air =
Q Ela
Economizer
.

↳ 981
Cpm =
Mx :\ .
Cp 7=1 + (7-1) .
Mar min repair + % ?
↳
H2o

-
?⃝
Heattrspwareomrheay-QIK.AT . A 8

am :

OKI

Hent trstr area

T rent
17=1%(1+51)

t¥
Solution

7--1+-9%02
1-
:

=
1+0%1 }
'

(01045-10%1--007)
✗ = It
onto
=
1115221
, .

✗ = 1 , 0682

2 .
Req airmass flow ( nilutt )

Mutt :
Malott min .
Mbr .
X ;
ma
.ru/-t--&d5g.b-0K--1iP66.L
 K =
11866.01813 = 11517

ri 6,159 11517 1115221

airmen = .
.

=
1017653
hi tuft =
1017653 .
315
km/s .

1,0683
=
4012519 €31s ~
401196
M/s
☒ ,
real exhaust
gas mass
flow

wilutt + inbr
Ñexg=
=
401196 t 315

= 431696 M/s

4) EG tempt after
air eaconomitr

(
f- air = niair .

Cpi Oi -

Cpo -00 )
= 401196 .
(10077130-10042.25)

② Een =
↳
air
-

_
value than
then the
table
Teco .

↓
Oar = M
Average
\
 Water cool MAD ,
Ing y
-

→ .
-

Mass balance →
In Hpz = Nitti , + mew
MEW

Energy balance →
HAD , NEW htw
in His 2 .
http = ÑIHP , -
+ . -

Surface cooler
-

=
Ñ HD steam -

(h HN - h Hpz )
in
1
superheated

Q.am vii. ( h )
'
"

= - h
an

water dorm

S
 Damage Process of Bow
• Overload
↳ Short term
overheating .r cornrows heating ,

welding tension .

• corrosion on water side

↳ water +
sulphur → sulphuric acid

•
Corrosion on exhaust side

•
Erosion

•
Fatigue
control
unecesswy quality
•

main & outward

causes
aging
kinds of
aging i

Tech
Aging Influenced by operation
-

management
concep Aging
-

- Maternal
Aging
Exam !
FOR BOILER
SAFETY CHAIN

←
AlARAM
Auto
-
CONTROL
MEN
-

ADJUST
-
SAFETY VALVE

GENNARI
.

Preheat
Flow = 85kW
Necessary
Inlet condition
P, = 4bar
5¥ Stan

cord Pz = a bar
outlet
02=1 30°C

condensate pipe
Pc =
1,2bar

Satwhset Stem
9hr
C man =
20mg
Pipe at

condensate P 'Re at Chan = 15m11

112 kV
Fomla ;

high
heat flow
Exchanger
Heat
of ④ =

V01 # 10W In pipe j = A. C

( rumors debit )

1 2
stem Cendnswt Flash
Flash

-0*-7
""

4bar I 112 bar

flow after

condensate drainer

Ñ€%= wig .

Ñlkond =
Min -
NED
a) "

= ni ch - hand )

h
"

= 27 38.057 to / fy
h = 546 ,
476 KJ
/ kg
= 85 kW

Itu
b) Cari pipa until mass flow

Selah Parian density

j = A. C
until volume tubes or
,

use the biggest In this case saturated

specific Volume ! stem

qbw.tn)
steam (
D=
> Inlet satiated

c) Mass
flow of flash steam after condensate

C evaporator)i 2 ]
dryer

ÑEP = Ñl
he -
hi -1*-1--09-1
hj
,

h 2=5461471

G evaporation tK= 112 bar

4191299 *
his

his
=

Kg
d) Wisma 2601105841kg
=

-
_ in, _ NED
 Internal diameter condensate
e) Min pipe

Up
Ñp_

tmgnd-2.AT#fwQtal--
=

Ñl .
hu

H 660
Hu = 34 doo .
Ct 93800
+
10460 St

N
- _
-

, w

②flow = Ñ ( h before co
-
h
after SH )
Kth Panait
☒ gary ga
=
Mrg Cp
-

Cory
-

Ou )
abpg ↳ Teg ↳ T cool down
ambient
( mlmn
•

wiry = .
7+1 / M Br

K
kgair
M linen =
6 ,
159 .
.
J -

11866 C kg fuel
11=1+8%02
K
-

F- I + { ( H ¥) ;
-14131%41,
-

Mlmn -
 Cp .

=
rge-tfg-far.gs air

try __
É ; Taft =

① Zu
co =
9 co
-

gas = 22157.1 -

1)
I
[ %]
•

if =
6¥17 →
used
Costco
Ézo → supply

6- = - -

a) ☒ zu
/ Qin / Qsrpply

6- in =
in .hu
Boieroperation

Bowring
An surface
↳ soot deposits
compressed air
↳ blowing Using

→ Risks →
• Alarm

•
Safety value

Setting stun boiler ! lecture safety eq p↳3g

of boiler
-
DG safety Philosophy
↳ series →
1 stop all stop !
Connect in

AND BLOCK
SH steam →
↓ Tempt
-
tanbah ai Vtk
more steam
-

Stop →
-

High temp
Steen
-

town high pressie

- Feed water level

→
Chain PG 32
-

Element of safety

-
Alton to avoid deposit

1¥:* ::: ::: :*

7 Make sure complete
combustion
.

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b- Cp
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