Job Analysis

RESOURCE PERSON: Mr. SUBJECT: Human Resource

Bilal Ahmad Management in Aviation
(AM322)

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM)

Reference Book: Dessler, G. 2020. Human Resource Management. 16th ed. Pearson.

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 Job Analysis

Reference CLO
CLO (2): Discuss various concepts, tools, processes and functions of
human resource management.

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 2

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 Job Analysis

TOPICS COVERED

1. The Basics of Job Analysis

2. Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

3. Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 3

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The Basics of Job Analysis

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 4

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 The Basics of Job Analysis

What is Job Analysis?

The procedure for determining the DUTIES

and SKILL requirements of a job and the
kind of person who should be hired for it.

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 5

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 The Basics of Job Analysis

Products of Job
Analysis

Job Specifications Job Descriptions

A list of a job’s duties,
A list of a job’s “human
responsibilities, reporting
requirements,” that is, the
relationships, working
requisite education, skills,
conditions, and supervisory
personality, and so on
responsibilities

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 6

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 The Basics of Job Analysis

Uses of Job Analysis Information?

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 7

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Methods for Collecting Job
Analysis Information

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 8

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 Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

3. Observation
1.Interview

METHODS

2. Questionnaires

4. Participant Diary/Logs

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 9

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 Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

1. Interview
INDIVIDUAL GROUP

UNSTRUCTURED STRUCTURED

Typical Questions?
What physical locations do you work in?
What are the basic accountabilities or performance
standards that typify your work?

What exactly are the major duties of your position?

What are the environmental and working conditions involved?

What are the education, experience, skill, any certification and

licensing requirements?
University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore
Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 10

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 Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

1. Interview

INDIVIDUAL GROUP

UNSTRUCTURED STRUCTURED

Typical Questions?

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 11

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 Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

2. Questionnaires

Why do we need this?

If the aim is to compare two jobs. For example, “Job A is twice

as challenging as Job B, and so is worth twice the pay.”

Tool: Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ)

https://www.erieri.com/paq

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 12

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Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 13

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 Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

When it IS useful? When it is NOT useful?

3. Observation
When jobs consist When the job entails
of observable a lot of mental
physical activities. activity
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
Assembly-line worker Lawyer, design
and accounting clerk Problem? engineer.

Reactivity
The worker’s changing what he or she normally does
because you are watching—is another problem.

What is the solution?

Managers often use direct observation and interviewing together.
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 Methods for Collecting Job Analysis Information

4. Participant Diary/Logs

Ask workers to keep a diary/log for every activity they are

engaged in, the employee records the activity (along with the
time) in a log.

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 15

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Writing Job Descriptions &
Job Specifications

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 16

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

See Page 113 of Course Book

There is no standard format for writing a Job Description/Job
Specification but most contain the following:
1. Job identification
2. Job summary
3. Relationships
4. Responsibilities and duties
5. Authority of incumbent*
6. Standards of performance
7. Working conditions
8. Job specification
University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore
Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 17

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

1. Job Identification
EXAMPLE

Some Interesting Titles

Pinterest calls its Designers as Pixel Pushers, and its Interns as Pinterns

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 18

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Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

2. Job Summary
EXAMPLE
For Tele Sale Representative

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 19

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

3. Relationships
EXAMPLE
For Human Resource Manager

Reports to: Vice president of employee relations.

Supervises: Human resource clerk, test administrator, labor relations director, and one
secretary.

Works with: All department managers and executive management.

Outside the company: Employment agencies, executive recruiting firms, union

representatives, state and federal employment offices, and various vendors.

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 20

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Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

4. Responsibilities and Duties

For Tele Sale Representative

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

6. Standards of Performance
EXAMPLE
For Accounts Officer

Duty: Accurately Posting Accounts Payable

1. Post all invoices received within the same working day.

2. Route all invoices to the proper department managers for approval no later
than the day following receipt.
3. Commit an average of no more than three posting errors per month.

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 22

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

7. Working Conditions
EXAMPLE
For Recruitment Officer

Additional Study - https://www.uidaho.edu/human-resources/classification-

and-compensation/job-descriptions/working-conditionstim

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 23

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Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

8 Job Specification
EXAMPLE
For Tele Sale Representative

7. Working Conditions
University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore
Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 24

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Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

Available Tools
https://www.onetonline.org

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 25

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

Class Activity

https://careers.qatarairways.com/global/en
Find one open position in Qatar Airways’ job portal and
identify the Job Specification and Job Description for that
position.

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 26

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

Class Activity

https://www.airblue.com/jobs/

Compare the Job Description of same position in Qatar

Airways and Airblue

University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore

Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 27

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 Writing Job Descriptions & Job Specifications

Class Activity
Job Description For a Elementary School Teacher

Ensures that students learn fifth-grade English with the aim of

passing the required common exam.

Vs.
Studies past common English exams to understand what they typically
involve; prepares yearly, weekly, and daily lesson plans; presents each
day’s lesson clearly with follow-up questions to ensure learning;
administers weekly tests to confirm learning; and counsel students one-
on-one in class lessons as necessary.
University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore
Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM) 29

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 Job Analysis

Thank You
Questions
University of Management & Technology (UMT), Lahore
Institute of Aviation Studies (IAS), BS Aviation Management (BS.AM)

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