Kendriya Vidyalaya sangathan Varanasi Region

Sample Paper 2 2023 - 24

CLASS 12 - PHYSICS

Time Allowed: 3Hours Maximum Marks : 70

General Instructions:

1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and
Section E.

3. All the sections are compulsory.

4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning
based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section
C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study
based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer
questions of five marks each.

5. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question in Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section
D and all three questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in
such questions.

6. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A

1 In a semiconductor the forbidden energy gap between the valence band and the [1]
conduction band is of the order of:

a) 5 eV

b) 1 eV

c) 1 MeV

d) 1 KeV

2 In a Wheatstone’s bridge, all the four arms have equal resistance R. If the [1]
resistance of the galvanometer arm is also R, the equivalent resistance of the
combination as seen by the battery is:

a) 2R
 b) R
R
c)
4
R
d)
2

3 When a ray of light enters a glass slab from air, [1]

a) its wavelength decreases

b) neither wavelength nor frequency changes

c) its wavelength increases

d) its frequency increases

4 Tesla is the unit of [1]

a) magnetic induction

b) electric field

c) electric flux

d) magnetic flux

5 To make a condenser of 16 μ F , 1000 volts, how many condensers are needed [1]
which have written on them “8 μ F ,, 250 volts”?

a) 8

b) 32

c) 40

d) 2

6 A galvanometer having a resistance of 8Ω is shunted by a wire of resistance 2 Ω . [1]

If the total current is 1 A, the part of it passing through the shunt will be:

a) 0.8 A

b) 0.3 A

c) 0.5 A

d) 1.2 A

7 A straight line conductor of length 0.4 m is moved with a speed of 7 ms❑−1 [1]
perpendiculars to the magnetic field of intensity 0.9 Wbm ❑−2 . The induced emf
 across the conductor is

a) 5.24 V

b) 25.2 V

c) 2.52 V

d) 1.26 V

8 The main use of studying a hysteresis curve for a given material is to estimate the [1]
a) voltage loss

b) hysteresis loss

c) current loss

d) power loss

9 Shape of the wave front of light diverging from a point source is [1]
a) conical

b) spherical

c) hyperboloid

d) plane

1 The attractive force between 2 charges is related to the distance between them as [1]
0
a) r
1
b) 2
r
1
c) r 2

1
d)
r

1 [1]
1

The current in the circuit will be

5
a) A
10
 5
b) A
50
5
c) A
20
5
d) A
40

1 A lens of power +2.0 D is placed in contact with another lens of power - 1.0 D. [1]
2 The combination will behave like

a) a converging lens of focal length 100 cm

b) a diverging lens of focal length 50 cm

c) a converging lens of focal length 50 cm

d) a diverging lens of focal length 100 cm

1 Assertion (A): An electron microscope is based on de Broglie hypothesis. [1]

3 Reason (R): A beam of electrons behaves as a wave that can be converted by
electric and magnetic lenses.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.

1 Assertion (A): The potential difference between any two points in an electric [1]
4 field depends only on initial and final position. Reason (R): Electric field is a
conservative field so the work done per unit positive charge does not depend on
path followed.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.

1 Assertion (A): Young’s double slit experiment can be performed using a source [1]
5 of white light. Reason (R): The wavelength of red light is less than the
wavelength of other colours in white light.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

 b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

c) A is true but R is false

d) A is false and R is also false

1 Assertion (A): A bulb connected in series with a solenoid is connected to ac [1]

6 source. If a soft iron core is introduced in the solenoid, the bulb will glow
brighter. Reason (R): On introducing soft iron core in the solenoid, the
inductance increases.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false.

d) A is false but R is true.

Section B

1 Identify the electromagnetic waves whose wavelengths lie in the range. [2]
7
1. 10❑−11 m < λ < 10 ❑−14 m

2. 10❑−4 m < λ < 10 ❑−6 m Write one use of each.

1 A uniform magnetic field gets modified as shown below, when two specimens X [2]
8

and Y are placed in it.

1. Identify the two specimens X and Y.

2. State the reason for the behaviour of the field lines in X and Y.

1 Write two points of difference between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. [2]
9
2 Calculate the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series of hydrogen atom. In [2]
0 which region (infrared, visible, ultraviolet) of hydrogen spectrum does this
wavelength lie?
2 A long wire bent as shown in the given figure. What will be the magnitude and [2]
1 direction of the field at the centre O of the circular portion, if a current I is passed
through the wire? Assume that the various portions of the wire do not touch at
 point P.

OR

A point charge is moving with a constant velocity perpendicular to a uniform

magnetic field as shown in the figure. What should be magnitude and direction of
the electric field so that the particle moves undeviated along the same path?

Section C

2 A storage battery of emf 8.0 V and internal resistance 0.5Ω is being charged by a [3]
2 120 V dc supply using a series resistor of 15.5 Ω . What is the terminal voltage of
the battery during charging? What is the purpose of having a series resistor in the
charging circuit?
2 Explain with the help of a diagram, how a depletion layer and barrier potential [3]
3 are formed in a junction diode.
2 1. Calculate the frequency of a photon of energy 6.5× 10 ❑−19 J. [3]
4
2. Can this photon cause emission of an electron from the surface of Cs of
work function 2.14 eV? If yes, what will be maximum kinetic energy of the
photoelectron?

2 1. Write three characteristic properties of nuclear force. [3]

5
2. Draw a plot of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their
separation. Write two important conclusions that can be drawn from the
graph.

2 1. State Bohr’s quantization condition for defining stationary orbits. [3]

6
2. Use the energy level diagram shown below to obtain the relation between
three wavelengths λ 1 , λ2 and λ 3 emitted due to the transition of electron
from the energy states C and B.
2 A plane wavefront is propagating from a rarer into a denser medium. Use [3]
7 Huygens principle to show the refracted wavefront and verify Snell’s law.
2 Figure shows a rectangular conducting loop PQRS inwhich arm RS of length I is [3]
8 movable. The loop is kept ina uniform magnetic field B directed downward
perpendicular to the plane of the loop. The arm RS is moved with a uniform

speed v.

Deduce an expression for

1. the emf induced across the arm RS

2. the external force required to move the arm and

3. the power dissipated as heat.

OR

The current through two inductors of self inductance 15 mH and 25 mH is

increasing with time at the same rate. Draw graphs showing the variation of the

1. emf induced with the rate of change of current

2. energy stored in each inductor with the current flowing through it.

Compare the energy stored in the coils, if the powers dissipated in the coils are
same.

Section D

2 Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Maxwell showed that the [4]
9 speed of an electromagnetic wave depends on the permeability and permittivity
of the medium through which it travels. The speed of an electromagnetic wave in
1
free space is given by c = . The fact led Maxwell to predict that light is an
√ μ 0 ε0
electromagnetic wave. The emergence of the speed of light from purely
electromagnetic considerations is the crowning achievement of Maxwell’s
electromagnetic theory. The speed of an electromagnetic wave in any medium of
c
permeability μ and permittivity ε will be where K is the dielectric constant
√ K μr
of the medium and μr is the relative permeability.
1 2
1. The dimensions of ε 0 E ( ε 0 : permittivity of free space; E = electric field)
2
is
 a) MLT❑−1

b) ML❑−1 T ❑−2

c) ML❑2 T ❑−2

d) ML❑2 T ❑−1

2. Let[ ε 0 ] denote the dimensional formula of the permittivity of the vacuum.

If M = mass, L = length, T = time and A = electric current, then

a) [ ε 0 ] = ML ❑2 T ❑−1

b) [ ε 0 ] = MLT ❑−2 A ❑−2

c) [ ε 0 ] = M ❑−1 L ❑−3 T ❑4 A ❑2

d) [ ε 0 ] = M ❑−1 L ❑−3 T ❑2 A

3. An electromagnetic wave of frequency 3 MHz passes from vacuum into a

dielectric medium with permittivityε = 4. Then

a) wavelength is halved and the frequency remains unchanged.

b) wavelength and frequency both remain unchanged

c) wavelength is doubled and the frequency remains unchanged

d) wavelength is doubled and the frequency becomes half

OR

4. The electromagnetic waves travel with

a) the speed of light c = 3× 10 ❑8 m s ❑−1 in fluid medium.

b) the speed of light c = 3× 10 m s ❑−1 in solid medium

c) the speed of light c = 3× 10 ❑8 m s ❑−1 in free space

d) the same speed in all media

5. Which of the following are not electromagnetic waves?cosmic rays, γ -

rays, β - rays, X - rays

a) β - rays

b) X - rays

c) γ - rays
 d) cosmic rays

3 Read the text carefully and answer the questions: When a charged particle is [4]
0 placed in an electric field, it experiences an electrical force. If this is the only force
on the particle, it must be the net force. The net force will cause the particle to
accelerate according to Newton’s second law. So⃗ F e =q ⃗
E =m ⃗a

q⃗E
If ⃗
E is uniform, then a⃗ is constant and a⃗ = .If the particle has a positive charge,
m
its acceleration is in the direction of the field. If the particle has a negative charge,
its acceleration is in the direction opposite to the electric field. Since the
acceleration is constant, the kinematic equations can be used.

1. A charged particle is free to move in an electric field. It will travel

a) none of these
b) always along a line of force
c) along a line of force, if its initial velocity is zero
d) along a line of force, if it has some initial velocity in the direction of an
acute angle with the line of force
2. An electron of mass m, charge efalls through a distance hmetre in a
uniform electric field E. Then time of fall,

a) t =
√ 2 hm
eE

b) t =
√ 2 eE
hm
2hm
c) t =
eE
2 eE
d) t =
hm

3. An electron moving with a constant velocity v along X - axis enters a

uniform electric field applied along Y - axis. Then the electron moves

a) in a trajectory represented as y = ax
b) in a trajectory represented as y = ax❑2
c) without any acceleration along Y - axis
d) with uniform acceleration along Y - axis
4. Two equal and opposite charges of masses m❑1 and m ❑2 are accelerated
in an uniform electric field through the same distance. What is the ratio of
 m1
their accelerations if their ratio of masses is = 0.5?
m2

a1
a) =3
a2

a1
b) =1
a2

a1
c) =2
a2

a1
d) = 0.5
a2

OR

5. A particle of mass mcarrying charge qis kept at rest in a uniform electric

field Eand then released. The kinetic energy gained by the particle, when it
moves through a distance yis

a) qEy

b) qE❑2 y

c) qEy❑2
1
d) qEy ❑2
2

Section E

3 Figure shows a convex spherical surface with centre of curvature C separating [5]
1 the two media of refractive indices µ❑1 and µ ❑2 . Draw a ray diagram showing
the formation of the image of a point object Olying on the principal axis. Derive
the relationship between the object and image distance in terms of refractive
indices of the media and the radius of curvature R of the surface.

OR

1. State the essential conditions for diffraction of light.

2. Explain the diffraction of light due to a narrow single slit and the
 formation of pattern of fringes on the screen.

3. Find the relation for the width of central maxima in terms of wavelength λ
,the width of slit a, and separation between slit and screen D.

4. If the width of the slit is made double the original width, how does it affect
the size and intensity of the central band?

3 A parallel plate capacitor is charged to a potential difference V by a DC source. [5]

2 The capacitor is then disconnected from the source. If the distance between the
plates is doubled, state with reason, how the following will change -

1. Electric field between the plates?

2. Capacitance?
3. Energy stored in the capacitor?
OR

1. If two similar large plates, each of area A having surface charge densities +
σ and - σ are separated by a distance d in air, then find the expression for

a. the field at points between the two plates and on the outer side of
the plates. Specify the direction of the field in each case.
b. the potential difference between the plates.
c. the capacitance of the capacitor so formed.
2. Two metallic spheres of radii R and 2R are charged so that both of these
have the same surface charge densityσ . If they are connected to each
other with a conducting wire, in which direction will the charge flow and
why?

3 1. Write the function of a transformer. State its principle of working with the [5]
3 help of a diagram. Mention various energy losses in this device.

2. The primary coil of an ideal step - up transformer has 100 turns and
transformation ratio is also 100. The input voltage and power are
respectively 220 V and 1100 W. Calculate

a. number of turns in secondary

b. current in primary
c. voltage across secondary
d. current in secondary
e. power in secondary
OR

1. An ac source of voltage V = V❑0 sin ωt is connected to a series

combination of L, C, and R. Use the phasor diagram to obtain expressions
for impedance of the circuit and phase angle between voltage and current.
Find the condition when the current will be in phase with the voltage.
What is the circuit in this condition called?
2. In a series, LR circuit X❑L = R and power factor of the circuit is P ❑1 .When
capacitor with capacitance C such that X ❑L = X ❑C is put in series, the
P1
power factor becomes P ❑2 . Calculate .
P2