Unit IG2: Risk assessment

Declaration: By submitting this assessment (Parts 1 – 4) for marking I declare that it is entirely my own work. I understand that falsely claiming that
the work is my own is malpractice and can lead to NEBOSH imposing severe penalties (see the NEBOSH Malpractice Policy for further information).

Important note: You must refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners and Learning Partners’ while
completing all parts of this assessment. Your Learning Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant
resources section for this qualification on the NEBOSH website.

Part 1: Background

You should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words.

Topic Comments
Name of organisation* AK Builders and Developers.
Site location* Bahria town, phase 7, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Number of workers 200
General description of the organization:
AK builders and developers is well-renowned company of Pakistan which was established in
1995.Since 1995 company has been involved in successful completion of more than 500 projects.
organisation is also famous for holding multiple certification and national awards. These
achievements of the organization are showing the commitment of the management.
Services:
AK builders and developers is providing services regarding the commercial plazas, farm houses
General description of the organisation and universities buildings.
Activities:
the

Shift patterns:
Sites work was proceeded in only one shift for 9:00 am to 4:00 pm. There are 6 working days in
week while Sunday is off for workers and management.

Description of the area to be included in the

risk assessment
Any other relevant information
 * If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be
factual.

You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words.

Note: this section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment.
Outline how the risk assessment was carried
out this should include:
 sources of information consulted;
 who you spoke to; and
 how you identified:
- the hazards;
- what is already being done; and
- any additional controls/actions that
may be required.

Part 2: Risk Assessment

Organisation name:
Date of assessment:
Scope of risk assessment:
Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
Health All workers who are Fresh drinking water was 1. Install sink outside of toilets. 1 week HSE officer (4)
welfare and working on site. available.
work 2. Place hand sanitizer and 2 days Site Manager
environment All workers were not Fresh food was given to the washroom soap. (1,5)
Absence of washing their hands after workers.
washing using washroom because 3days
3. Display SOPs regarding the
facilities of the absence of the Adequate water was available Site Supervisor
outside of washing facilities outside in toilets.
usage and washing of (2,3)
toilets. Foods the toilets. Food was hands.
was being given to the workers in Tissue rolls were there.
served to open shelter. Dust and 4. Aware all workers related to 1 week
workers in other hazardous things Health surveillance was disease that can be
open shelter. can pollute the food. available. transmitted through toilets.

This situation is leading 5. Close the shelters to reduce

towards the outbreak of the risk of food 1month
threatening diseases. contamination.
Noise Machine operators, HSE Health surveillance facility was 1. The maintenance of jack 1 month HSE officer (5)
Loud noise officers, supervisors and available. hammer must be
from jack the visitors. conducted. Site manager (5)
hammer. Loud noise produced 1 week
while using the jack 2. To normalizes worker’s
hammer.
conditions give them the
Loud noise can cause
hearing loss and
rest breaks.
headache. Site supervisor
3. Educate the workers 1 week (1,2)
regarding noise effects

4. Encourage them to seek

Learner number: Learner name: Page 3 of 16

Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
medical attention if they 1 week
have a hearing problem.

5. Provide ear safety plugs.

1 week
Working at Workers working at Task based training was 1. Provide guard rails to 3 day HSE officer (5)
height height and who are conducted before working at protect falling of the
Painting on passing nearby. height. workers from height.
exterior walls
using While painting on the First aid kit was available. 2. The area should be
scaffolding walls at height tool can 1 day Site manager
barricaded around the
platform. fall from the workers. Tool kit was available. (4,6,7)
Tool can hit the person
scaffolding.
who are passing near to PPEs, gloves and helmet were
scaffolding structure. given to the workers . 3. Scaffolding platform must 3 day
be inspected.
These circumstances can
cause bones fracture, 4. Emergency procedure
injuries or death. should be developed.
1 week
5. Place the air bags for fall
arresting.

6. Supervise the area where 1 month

working at height activity
was on going.

7. Ensure fall protection

system by introducing
Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
safety harness. 1 month

Electricity Operator and workers RCB is installed in main switch 1. Maintenance of all the 1 month HSE officer (3,5)
Use of passing nearby. board. portable electrical equipment
Portable must be carried out
electrical By using faulty, damaged periodically.
equipment or damaged insulated first aid kit and first aider are 2 weeks Site
(Like grinder equipment can be present. Insulated PPEs such 2. Electrical installation must be supervisor(1,2,3)
and hand drill harmful. This harm can as gloves and shoes are checked by competent person.
machine) be induced either while given.
plugging in the socket or
placing foot on the 3. Necessary trainings must be 1 week
damaged insulation of delivered to all workers.
wire. Operators are trained and
certified. 4. Red-scaff tag must be placed 1 day
These circumstances can on damaged or faulty portable
cause cardiac arrest, skin tools.
burn or ultimate death of
worker.
5. Workers must be aware of 1 week
emergency procedure to be
followed in case of emergency

Slips and Workers, supervisors, First aid kit is available. 1. There must be cemented 2 wees HSE Officer (4)
trips HSE Officers and pathway to approach the
slippery Visitors. construction site
surfaces at
construction Because of rain water, 2. Place safety sign related to 1 day Site manager
site due to rain construction site was slip and trip hazard. (1,5)

Learner number: Learner name: Page 5 of 16

Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
water. slippery which can
become the reason of fall 3. Do not allow visitors as long
of person. as the construction site is 1 day
slippery. Site supervisor
Falling of person from (2,3)
slippery surfaces can 4. deliver necessary information 2 day
cause bruises, cuts and and instruction related to slip
injuries. and trip.

5. PPEs such as slip resistant 1 week

shoes must be given to
workers who are working at
construction site.
Confined Workers cleaning the Tool box talk was conducted 1. Gas testing must be done 2 days Site supervisor
Space tank and passing by before the activity. before the start of work. (7)
people.
cleaning inside Health surveillance were 2. The cleaning activity must
the septic tank Workers were working provided to all the workers. Area supervisor
be avoided manually and
inside the septic tank 1 month (2,4,6)
without personal The permit to work were
mechanical means must be
protective equipment’s provided to execute the used.
and respirators. The activity safely.
whole watcher was not 3. The hole watcher must be HSE supervisor
appointed to execute the Emergency system were there for the purpose of 1 week (1,3,5)
activity, because main provided by the company communication.
hole was open as
workers are working 4. The area must be
inside the septic tank. barricaded to avoid fall of
people. 1 day
This may result in
suffocation, cuts from 3 weeks
5. First aid facility must be
Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
sharp edges, respiration provided to the workers.
issues and even death in
severe case. 6. Lux level must be according
to at least minimum standard. 1 week

7. The Standard respirators and

personal protective 1 week
equipment’s must be provided
to the worker

Lone working Security Guard. Gun is already given to the 1. Cell-phone must be 3 days HSE officer
security guard. provided to security guard (2,3,4)
Security guard As security guard is the so he can contact for help.
at construction only person at
site during construction site during
2. Conduct risk assessment
night. night. 1 week Site manager
that how lone workers can (1)
If anything, unfavourable be harmed.
happen at construction
site during night then it 3. Ask security guard, no to 2 days
can lead toward death of attempt anything that
security guard or stealing cannot be done alone.
or loss of equipment or
property. 4. Educate lone workers not 1 week
to take unnecessary risk.
Manual Workers who were lifting Health Surveillance was 1. Provide trollies to avoid 1 month Site supervisor
Handling concrete blocks and available. manual handling. (2)
cement bags.
Manual Path was cleared. 2. Manual lifting more than 20
handling of Disorder like back pain, 1 day Site manager
kg must not be allowed as
concrete muscle or ligaments pain, (1,5)

Learner number: Learner name: Page 7 of 16

Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
blocks and muscle strain and joint per recommendation of
cement bags. dislocation can be OSHA.
occurred because of
lifting cement bags and 3. Train all workers related to
concrete blocks. 1 week HSE Officer
safe lifting techniques i-e
(3,4)
keeping load closer to waist
line.

4. Ask workers to keep one 1 week

foot forward to maintain the
balance.

5. Rest breaks must be 1 week

provided to reduce regular
exposure.

Work Machine operators. Only authorise person are

1. There must be periodic 1 month Maintenance
equipment allowed to use the respective maintenance of all the supervisor
and By using faulty or equipment. hand-held tools. (1)
machinery unguarded hand-held toll
can cause severe Operators are already told to 2. All equipment must be
Use of injuries, cuts, bruises and use the equipment for inspected and place red 1 week Site supervisor
portable hand- ultimate death. intended purpose. Scaff-tag on damaged (2)
held power equipment and green Scaff
tool like tag on ready to use
grinder, Necessary information and equipment.
portable trainings are already delivered HSE Officer
Hazard Who might be harmed
category and and how?
hazards
electrical drill
and chain-
saw.
Hazardous Workers who are working
Substance at construction site, site
supervisors, HSE Officer
Construction and visitors.
dust mainly
produced from construction dust which
silica is producing from silica.
This dust is hazardous to
health when either get
inhaled or get in contact
with skin and eyes.
Dust can cause eyes
irritation, dermatitis,
lungs cancer and may
cause infection in
Learner number: Learner name:
What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
doing? required? further actions person’s job
to be title
completed
(within …)
to machine operators. 3. Tell operators not to use the (3,4,5)
equipment which are 2 days
first aid kit is present. PPEs unsafe.
are already given to operators.
4. Advice workers to carry out
all safety checks before 2 days
using the equipment.
5. keep the hand held tools
clean, maintained and in
safe working order. 1 day
N/A 1. Limit the activities which are 1 day HSE Officer
producing silica dust when (3)
everyone is present at
construction site if possible.
Site supervisor
2. These dust particles must 2 days (1,2,4,5)
be settled down on earth
via sprinkling water over
them
1 week
3. Information related to
disorders of dust must be
told to workers.
4. Visitors must not be allowed 1 day
Page 9 of 16
Hazard Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions are Timescales for Responsible
category and and how? doing? required? further actions person’s job
hazards to be title
completed
(within …)
respiratory tract. when environment at
construction is dusty.

5. PPEs Such as dust masks

1 week
and google must be given
to workers and enforce its
usage.
Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection
Suggested word counts
Moral, general legal and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words
For EACH action:
Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words
Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words

Moral, general legal and financial arguments for ALL actions

Moral, general legal and financial Moral Arguments:
arguments
There is no substitute for human life, so the lives of all employees in an organisation must not be
placed in any danger. According to ILO statistics, a large number of employees are involved in
catastrophes each year due to the neglect of health and safety measures at the workplace.
Therefore, it is the moral and ethical obligation of GLORIOUS Constructors and development to
take all necessary precautions to make the workplace safe and low-risk. Every worker in the
organisation is motivated by financial gain. This money will be sent to his family, as all labourers'
families depend on their daily or monthly wages. In any circumstance, if these employees are
affected by an accident, the effects of the accident will extend to the worker's family. When
employees are cared for by their employer, they perform their duties with determination and zeal. If
an organisation is committed to its moral responsibilities and obligations, it may increase pain and
suffering, as well as passion and determination.

General legal Arguments:

ILO Convention C155 explained legal obligations. According to the Convention, employers are
legally responsible for ensuring safe working processes, equipment, and machinery.
Employers must comply with regulatory requirements for physical, chemical, and biological dangers
and provide PPEs to proceed with work, including GLORIOUS Constructors and developers. If non-
compliance occurs at a building site, law enforcement can take action. Enforcement bodies can
take action in several ways. The organisation may face severe fines, cease work, and request
improvements in the work cycle. In cases of accidents caused by employer carelessness, the head

Learner number: Learner name: Page 11 of 16


Justification for action 1
Action (Taken from column 4 of risk
assessment)
Specific legal arguments
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
 types of injury or ill health
 number of workers at risk
of the organisation may face imprisonment.
Financial Arguments:
It is well acknowledged that if an employer fails to invest in workplace safety, the organisation may
incur significant financial liabilities in the event of an accident. The expenses related to accidents
often exceed the allocated budget for workplace safety. The expenses might be classified as either
direct or indirect. direct costs are normally recovered by insurance costs.
While indirect costs cannot be recovered. The costs that may arise in the event of an accident are
following:
 Sick pay
 Medical cost
 Cost of replacement and maintenance of equipment’s.
 Cost of training and hiring new employees.
 Lose in reputation
 Failure to get future projects.
Provide guard rails to control falling of workers from height. (Working at height)
In accordance with ILO Convention C167, it is the employer's responsibility to take all necessary
precautions to protect workers from peril while working at height. ILO conventions,
recommendations, guidance documents, and codes of practise stipulate that worker health and
safety must never be compromised. In addition, this Convention mandates that whenever a scaffold
or scaffolding is used to perform work at height, it must be equally secure and well maintained. The
scaffolding or ladder must comply with national regulations.
Using the temporary structure of scaffolding platform, exterior wall painting was in progress. During
the execution of tasks at elevated heights, there are potential dangers such as falls involving people
or objects. In this particular scenario, the employees who are immediately exposed to these risks
are those engaged in painting activities, including around 10-12 individuals. Individuals who are in
  how often the activity is carried
out
 how widespread the risk is
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that
you indicated in your risk
assessment; and
 whether you think the action will
fully control the risk
Justification for action 2
Action (Taken from column 4 of risk
assessment)
Specific legal arguments
Learner number: Learner name:
close proximity may also be affected by a falling person or objects from a significant elevation. This
painting activity will continue until all exterior walls have been painted.
As there are no guardrails on the scaffolding platform. Thus, the likelihood of a person falling from a
height is considerable. This incident has the potential to result in significant bodily harm, including
bone fractures and, in extreme cases, death.
Workers who are in close proximity to a hospital may need medical attention, and the severity of
their condition is significant. The level of injury experienced by those operating at elevated heights
is of a catastrophic kind.
In this analysis, I will classify the total intensity of injury, ranging from substantial to catastrophic.
The potential hazard is limited to those engaged in the job at elevated heights, as well as those
working directly underneath them.
On scaffolding platforms, guardrails are used to prevent individuals from falling from a height. When
installed on the temporary platform, the guardrails will reduce the risk of a person falling. This
control contributes to the overall risk reduction because, as the likelihood of a person falling
decreases, the risk of severe injuries and mortality also decreases. Three days are allotted for the
execution of this control measure. This timeline is provided because the site supervisor will arrange
for a qualified scaffolder to be available within the next three days. I do not believe that the risk is
completely controlled by this control measure. However, it is extremely useful for risk management.
Provide trollies to avoid manual handling. (Manual Handling)
According to ILO Convention C127, the Maximum Weigh Convention, an employer is prohibited
from allowing any employee to physically carry a burden that might be harmful to his health.
According to convention, the employer is required to provide the essential trainings and information
pertaining to the safe management of the load whenever manual carriage of a live load is involved.
According to the convention's provisions, it is obvious that large loads cannot be handled manually
at work, and it is the employer's obligation to take all necessary precautions to prevent manual
handling.
Page 13 of 16
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
 types of injury or ill health
 number of workers at risk
 how often the activity is carried
out
 how widespread the risk is
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that
you indicated in your risk
assessment; and
 whether you think the action will
fully control the risk
Justification for action 3
Action (Taken from column 4 of risk
assessment)
Specific legal arguments
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
 types of injury or ill health
workers were engaged in the physical handling of concrete blocks and cement sacks on the
construction site. Lifting a large weight causes an unfavourable body position. Workers who are
exposed to this risk include (4 workers) those who do manual handling. When cement bags and
concrete bags are needed for concreting or block-work, manual handling will take place. It is not a
frequent occurrence.
The possibility of developing bad body posture when lifting big loads is quite great. Back discomfort,
muscle or ligament soreness, muscular tension, and joint dislocation may all result from this body
position. These conditions may need hospitalisation. As a result, severity varies from low to high.
The danger exists when doing manual handling tasks, and employees who undertake these
activities are at risk.
While lifting hefty cement bags and concrete slabs by hand. When the availability of load-handling
carts eliminates the need for this type of manual cargo transport. Then, the likelihood of developing
poor posture is diminished. Reducing the likelihood will reduce the overall risk of disturbance due to
manual cargo transport. I suggested a one-month duration for this control measure. As this timeline
is sufficient, the funds for procuring the carts will be released from the department of the finance
first. Therefore, it will take roughly one month. Risk is now under control up to the utmost limit but
not completely because employees are still required to perform some manual handling when
loading and offloading trollies.
These dust particles must be settled down on earth by sprinkling water over them. (Hazardous
substance)
According to ILO Convention C148, which relates to air pollution, it is the legal responsibility of the
employer to ensure that the working environment is free from any air pollution-related hazards.
Employers must implement all technical and supplementary control measures on processes and
apparatus for this purpose.
According to the provisions of the ILO convention C148, it is the employer's responsibility to ensure
that the environment or atmosphere is free of any health-threatening hazards.
At the construction site, there was a lot of dust. These dust particles are made of silica and will be
made by different activities on a building site where silica is used. When workers breathe in or
touch these dust particles with their skin or eyes, they will get sick.
  number of workers at risk
 how often the activity is carried
out
 how widespread the risk is
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that
you indicated in your risk
assessment; and
 whether you think the action will
fully control the risk
These dust particles are around everyone at the building site. Nearly 8 to 10 workers who work
directly with silica are directly exposed to these dust particles. Other workers, such as bosses and
guests, are also exposed, but not as closely.
This dust will stay in the air until these actions are done again. There is a high chance of being
exposed to these dust particles.
These dust particles can irritate your eyes, cause rashes, lead to lung cancer, and make you sick.
For discomfort of the eyes, rashes, and infections of the nasal system, the damage isn't too bad,
but for lung cancer, the damage is very bad.
So, I will rank the damage from small to big.
Dust is everywhere at the building site, so the risk is pretty broad. Almost all of the people who work
at the place are at risk.
At the construction site the dust is floating in the air. Therefore, the risk of exposure to these dust
particles may be reduced by causing them to settle by spraying water over them. The danger of
developing the aforementioned condition decreases dramatically when the quantity of particles is
lowered, since less of such particles will be ingested. This preventative intervention is advised to be
used for a period of two days. If you need to schedule a water tanker, I believe this amount of time
is sufficient. Action risk is not completely mitigated by this control method, however. However, the
danger has been much diminished.

Part 4: Review, communicate and check

Suggested word counts for each section:
 Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words
 How the risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 - 150 words
 Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words.
Planned review date/period with According to company policy risk assessment report will be reviewed after every year so risk
reasoning assessment will be reviewed on 16-08-2024.
Early evaluation of the risk assessment report:
The risk assessment report may also be evaluated anytime any accident or event occurs, as well as
if there will be a
change in the present technology, method, or equipment. In the event that there is a change in
senior management or if there is a change in the law, the risk assessment will also be evaluated.

Learner number: Learner name: Page 15 of 16

How the risk assessment findings will be
communicated AND who you need to tell
How you will follow up on the risk
assessment to check that the actions
have been carried out
First, I will share the results of my risk assessment with the project manager. I will schedule a
meeting with the HSE officer, supervisors, finance managers, and managers following approval. I
will provide an overview of all potential hazards on the construction site during the meeting. In
addition, I will explain the adequacy of the control measures proposed in my risk assessment
report. I will use graphical and statistical techniques to explain. After the meeting, I will meet all the
employees at the assembly point and speak to them about the significance of workplace health and
safety. The results of the risk assessment will be posted on notice boards, and pamphlets will be
distributed to all employees. The final results of the risk assessment would be published to the
company's official website.
The execution of control steps will be monitored with the necessary diligence. For this purpose, I
will request a follow-up date from the relevant officials. Two days prior to the scheduled date, I will
send a reminder message to the individuals responsible for the corresponding actions. On that day,
I will extensively explore the location. During my visit, I may discover that some control measures
are incomplete or that no action has been taken against them. Then, I will once more convene a
meeting with the responsible party to determine the cause of unfinished tasks. If I determine that a
delay was caused by negligence, I will notify the project manager. Moreover, if I discover that the
delay is due to a lack of funds, I will contact the finance manager for further action.