A PRESENTATION

DETAILING OUR
EXPERIENCES AT SUN
TRADING CO.(BD)”
A summary of what we have acquired

1. How a 3- Phase Induction motor works

2. How to make a fire alarm circuit using thermistor

3. How to control a motor by using a relay

4. How to make a three - phase failure protection circuit

5. What and how a PLC works

 How a 3-Phase Induction Motor Works
‡h ‡gvUi ZvWwor‡PŠ¤^ K Av‡ekb c« w µqvq KvR K‡i Zv‡K BÛvKkb ‡gvUi e‡j|
ই ন্ডাকশন ম াটরেে বিবিন্ন অংশ েরেরে যাে ধ্য প্রধ্ান দু ই টট অংশ হরে
১.মেটে
২.মোটে
এোোও অনযানয অংশ হরে
৩.মে
৪.শযাফট
৫.কু ব ং ফযান
৬.বিোবেং
৭ .মে
৯.টাব িনা িক্স
÷¨vUi nj ‡gvU‡ii w¯’i Ask Avi ‡ivUi nj MwZkxj Ask| w_«
‡dR BÛvKkb ‡gvU‡ii ÷¨vU‡i 3 wU K‡qj _v‡K, ‡hLv‡b
Avgiv w_« ‡dR Gwm cvIqvi mvcøvB ‡`B| K‡qj ¸‡jv ci¯ú‡i
mv‡_ 120 wWM«x ‡KvY K‡i _v‡K|‡ivU‡iI ÷¨vU‡ii gZ GKwU
kU© mvwK©U K‡qj _v‡K| ÷¨vUi d¬v· hLb ‡ivUi K‡q‡ji
ms¯ú‡k© Av‡m ZLb d¨viv‡WÕi m~Îvbymv‡i ‡ivU‡i Zwor”PvjK
ej Av‡ewkZ nq| GB Av‡ewkZ Zwor”PvjK e‡ji Rb¨B
‡ivU‡i Kv‡i›U c«evwnZ nq| G‡K ‡ivUi Kv‡i›U e‡j|A_©vr
GKwU Zwor c«evnx Zvi KyÛwj GKwU ‡PŠ¤^K ‡¶‡Îi g‡a¨
Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| GLb j‡i›UR Gi e‡ji m~Îvbymv‡i Zwor c«evnx
Zvi KyÛjx Z_v ‡ivUi K‡q‡j GKwU ZvwoZ ‡PŠ¤^Kxq ej
Av‡ewkZ n‡e| Gi d‡j ‡ivUi K‡qjwU Nyi‡Z ïiæ Ki‡e|
‡ivUi K‡q‡ji kU© mvwK©U K‡qj wn‡m‡e Squirrel Cage
‡ivUi‡K e¨envi Kiv hvq
‡ivUi Kv‡i›U ‡h d¬v·wU ‰Zwi K‡i Zvi bvg ‡ivUi d¬v·| GB d¬v·wU Av‡ekb c«wµqvq ‰Zwi ZvB G ai‡Yi ‡gvUi‡K
BÛvKkb ‡gvUi ejv nq|wKš‘ ‡ivUi d¬v·, ÷¨vUi d¬v‡·i PvB‡Z wcwQ‡q _vK‡e| hvi Kvi‡Y ‡ivU‡i GKwU UK© m…wó
n‡e hv ‡ivUi‡K N~Y©vqgvb ‡PŠ¤^K ‡¶‡Îi w`‡K Nyi‡Z eva¨ Ki‡e| Gfv‡eB g~jZ GKwU BÛvKkb ‡gvUi KvR K‡i|
 How to make a fire alarm circuit using Thermistor

Avgiv GLb mvaviY dvqvvi A¨vjvg© mvwK©‡Ui KvR ‡`Le|

c«_g wRwbmwU Rvbv DwPZ ‡h Av¸b mbv³ Kivi c«avb
Dcv`vb nj 10k-ohm _vwg©÷i| GLv‡b e¨eüZ 10k-
ohm _vwg©÷i nj GKwU GbwUwm UvBc _vwg©÷i|
ZvcgvÎv e…w× ‡c‡j _vwg©÷‡ii c«wZ‡iva ¶gZv K‡g hvq|

Av¸‡bi ‡¶‡Î, ZvcgvÎv e…w× cvq| ZvcgvÎvi GB e…w×

10k-ohm _vwg©÷‡ii c«wZ‡iva‡K n«vm Ki‡e|
‡iwR÷¨vÝ Kg‡j ‡fv‡ëR wWfvBWv‡ii AvDUcyU evo‡e|
‡h‡nZy ‡fv‡ëR wWfvBWv‡ii AvDUcyU LM358 Op –
Amp bb-BbfvwU©s Bbcy‡U ‡`Iqv nq,ZvB Gi gvb
BbfvwU©s Bbcy‡Ui ‡P‡q ‡ewk n‡q hv‡e| dj¯^iƒc, Op–
Amp Gi AvDUcyU D”P n‡q Ges GwU Buzzer mwµq
K‡i|
c«‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb:

• 1 x 10 K Thermistor
• 1 x LM358 Operational Amplifier (Op – Amp)
• 1 x 4.7 KΩ Resistor (1/4 Watt)
• 1 x 10 KΩ Potentiometer
• 1 x Small Buzzer (5V Buzzer)
• Connecting Wires
• Mini Breadboard
• 5V Power Supply
Circuit Diagram and explanations:

mvB‡ib mvDÛ mn dvqvi A¨vjvg© mvwK©‡Ui wWRvBb LyeB mnR|

c«_‡g, LM358 Op – Amp-Gi BbfvwU©s Uvwg©bv‡j 10 KΩ
c‡UbwkIwgUvi ms‡hvM Kiv n‡jv| POT Gi GK c«vš— +5V Gi
mv‡_ mshy³, Ab¨ c«vš—wU tim Gi mv‡_ mshy³ Ges wiper Uvwg©bvj
Op – Amp Gi wcb 2 Gi mv‡_ mshy³|

Avgiv GLb 10 K _vwg©÷i Ges 10 KΩ c«wZ‡ivaK e¨envi K‡i

GKwU m¤¢ve¨ wefvRK ‰Zwi Kie| GB m¤¢ve¨ wefvR‡Ki AvDUcyU
A_©vr Rskb c‡q›UwU LM358 Acv‡ikbvj A¨vgwcdvqvv‡ii bb-
BbfvwU©s Bbcy‡Ui mv‡_ mshy³|

A¨vjvg© ev mvB‡ib evRv‡bvi Rb¨ Avgiv GB c«K‡í GKwU ‡QvU, 5V

eyRvi ‡e‡Q wb‡qwQ| myZivs, LM358 Op – amp-Gi AvDUcyU
mivmwi 5V Buzzer-Gi mv‡_ mshy³ Kiv n‡jv|

LM358 IC Gi 8 Ges 4 wcb h_v V+ Ges GND h_vµ‡g

+5V Ges GND Gi mv‡_ mshy³|
 How to control a motor by using a relay
‡gvUi‡K gvÎ `yBwU wi‡j w`‡q †gvU‡ii N~Y©‡K Nwoi KvUvi w`‡K Ges Nwio KvUvi wecixZ w`‡K wbqš¿b Kiv m¤¢e|
Gi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i †h †h DcKiY jvM‡e Zv n‡jv
1. DC Motor
2. Two Relays
3. Connecting Wires
‡gvUi‡K mvwK©U WvqvMªvg
Abyhvqx mvwR‡q wb‡ev|Zvi ci
wi‡j‡K ci ci Pvjy
Ki‡ev|WvqvMÖvg Abyhvqx wi‡j
Pvjy Ges eÜ Ki‡j †gvUi
clockwise and
anticlockwise Nyi‡e|
 How to make a three-phase failure protection circuit

BÛvw÷ªqvj Kv‡R 3-phase ‡gvUi e¨venvi Kivi Kvwjb A‡bK hw` †gvU‡ii GKwU Phase KvR K‡i bv|ZLb
†gvU‡ii IqvwÛs cy‡i †h‡Z cv‡i| GB IqvwÛs †hb cy‡I bv hvq Ges †gvUi‡K bó n‡q hvIqv ‡_‡K iÿv Kivi
Rb¨ 3-Phase failure protection circuit e¨venvi Kiv nq|

GB mvwK©U †h †h DcKiY w`‡q evbv‡bv nq Zv n‡jv:

1. Relay
2. Magnetic Contractor
mvwK©U WvqvMÖvg Abyhvqx mewKQz ms‡hvM
Ki‡Z n‡e|hLb †gvU‡ii †Kvb Phase
KvR Kiv eÜ K‡i w`‡e ZLb wi‡j
automatically ‡gvU‡ii connection
off K‡i w`‡e|
What and how a PLC works

Ø GKwU wcGjwm nj:

- GKwU gvB‡µvc« ‡ mmi-wfwËK wbqš¿ Y e¨e¯’ v,
- GKwU wkí cwi‡e‡k e¨env‡ii Rb¨ wWRvBb Kiv n‡q‡Q,
- wkí miÄvg Dcjwä, mwµq Ges wbqš¿ Y Kivi Rb¨ ‡c« v M« v g Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
Ø PLC GKwU ‡c« v M« v ‡gi gva¨‡g hy w ³ wbqš¿ Y dvskb c« ‡ qvM K‡i

Ø GKwU PLC nj c« P wjZ wbqš¿ Y e¨e¯’ v Ges B‡j‡±« v ‡gKvwbKvj

wi‡j, UvBgvi, KvD›Uvi BZ¨vw`i c« w Z¯’ v cK|
PLC e¨venv‡ii myweav:
Reduced Space
► wcGjwm m¤ú~Y© KwVb Ae¯’v Ges ZvB nvW©Iq¨vi
K‡›U«vjv‡ii Zyjbvq AZ¨š— K¤ú¨v± ‡hLv‡b B‡j‡±«v-
‡gKvwbKvj wWfvBm e¨envi Kiv nq|
Energy Saving
► Mo we`¨yZ LiP GKwU mgZyj¨ wi‡j jwRK K‡›U«vj Øviv
e¨eüZ we`¨y‡Zi gvÎ 1/10 fvM|
Ease of Maintenance
► gWyjvi c«wZ¯’vcb Kiv hvq|
► mn‡R mgm¨v mbv³ Kiv hvq|
► ‡c«vM«vwgs BDwb‡Ui mv‡_ ÎywU wbY©q Kiv hvq|
Economical
► GKKvjxb wewb‡qvM we‡ePbv Kiv; wcGjwm me‡P‡q
jvfRbK wm‡÷g|
► PLC-Gi LiP Aí mgh‡qi g‡a¨ cybiy×vi nq|
Architecture of a PLC
PLC Input Devices

➢ Push buttons
➢ Switches (limit switches,
level switches, etc.)
➢ Sensors
PLC Output Devices

➢ Relay contacts
➢ Solenoid valves
➢ Signal devices (such as
lamps, alarms, etc.)
➢ Motors
The 5 most popular types of PLC
Programming Languages are:

Ø Ladder Diagram (LD)

Ø Sequential Function Charts (SFC)

Ø Function Block Diagram (FBD)

Ø Structured Text (ST)

Ø Instruction List (IL)

wcGjwm Acv‡ik‡bi PviwU ‡gŠwjK avc nj:

Input Scan - PLC Gi mv‡_ mshy³ BbcyU wWfvBm¸wji

Ae¯’v mbv³ K‡I

Program Scan - e¨enviKvix Øviv ‰Zwi ‡c«vM«vg Pvjvq

Output scan - PLC Gi mv‡_ mshy³ mg¯— AvDUcyU

wWfvBm cwiPvjbv K‡i

House Keeping& - Ab¨vb¨ wWfvB‡mi mv‡_ ‡hvMv‡hvM

K‡i Ges Wv‡qvMbw÷K Pvjvq|
 Thank you so much
I am grateful for
your presence with me