Pemutodion Groub

Permutodim: Lt S ben non emptni o

s lateod a
-On e ondo mab
Pemmutrdion
mpy Set Apmutati
LA be nm
S onto idsy
Ohe - n9 mab a

in the tinide set S is

The n u e o f elemenis pemutotim
Known as dearee a the
Pemutatin oup Lt4 ACS) denoteSetthe SThen AS)
al pamuJtm on a non emot
under Como oxi
for a
Contains n-element, hen
Contains n! element
Acs) penmutatiMS
t of
of all
al the
he
Doof:- Here A(S) = The s
sd
onto map
A(s) = f : f : s sin

Lt
t3,4 ACs)
One -Cne (pno) mab s tos

from Sondo S
algoa a

t(3cx))

We pove hat o
 2
L , , , S Buh ha
(tog)(x0 (o) (x,)

|Sino

\Since

WR

Lt ch
Sincs 4:SS

Sina A: S S
=Z

(on Bidea (fe3)() = f(a))

One - Oh map S teo nte S

pumu tatan

AssociAive Led &o xeS anbidrr

element
(fo3) 4) ) = (4°)(h) ((A))
 :sS A'Ao
s0
4EACS)
Pumutatim aa'so
aso s mop
fand Anvut'ole
-ohe One
s feAS) Sinca
element a'deutay
Simady
f(I0*) (a)foI) (A'so
xEs tcx)
AS) IE
I
onto as map ne One-
st
I
Ix)= Then x,S , Lt
X= XI(2)’
I: map Define
a
3
 4
Lt eS
.. f(x)es Lt frx)

(fo)«) I3)
(7-)(*) I )

Aimidy
Anvese
A(s) fome a sAeup
S Contains n elements, then
The numben ol element in As)
The numbn
The ymbn aYrangments cot n
elemonta
 Elementay Probenties of Goub &
Suppexe OuY houb Con 319ts o! aa non -empty Set G
equibped oith a binany opntim denoted maltipliciy
Theorem 1 (unizune o ideni ts) he idendity
euo Uniqu
wo endite of
Proof Suppee e and e a
G element
e.e' e e' i idendi
ee = e
e idendity element
anol
niyw lement d G
Bt ee

Thenafore, ee = e

e =

Hena the iclendity elemet s nique

A

Anvense
Ihesrem 2 Uniguuness of Invuse): The
e each element a ghoup s Unigus
o a 3neub
Phoof!- Lt ee be Hhe idenity element element
(G,) qnd aeG be
Sinca a
anee
band C

-ba a=) -(2)

a-c = e : ca L a c] --- - (2)

 Now b: be ( Sino e n idenditg )
b(a)
(ba) C

b C
hasun itys 4nwuie
has
a 5oup
fach element a)
3. (ancaim aw
1heorcm we dhae
a,b,CEG
Y

a. b

b= C
Saw
[ Right Cancolladion
ba aeG oa G
Sin c
Lt a, b, cEG
duch dtht aa

Suppoze tht ab= ac

.ac)
(a a')c

Siniday (a b
ba
 Lewo invease of tho pedurt)
heoem 4 ReneNal
a, b eG
V
abj! ba olemendsod G
anyJ o epeclively
b
N he ners of aanod
AdonAyelment
wheO e

b. b
a5)Ja
(a5) ( b a )
[ by assoudivey]
= [a(bbb7a
= (ae) el E:ae = a]

Taa' = e

b[a ca]
Also'al Cab)
ca' a)
eb) b.be e
-

Thus, (eb)

(as)(bal)
Tw we haw, (ba as) = e

abj!
Gn Comutatin then Cab) d.b
7he ,bE G be n clements han h
haw unic
Soluim imm G
we
E has a seldin im G
a'eG Buch hat
Sinca aeG
G o
a a =e aa (2)
SinG a,beG Jo
Take
a-(a b)
(Associaine aw G

a Sot nG
The eutin
,x, be wo etim a
Uniguenass, c =,
b G

Hen co he esuati has a

We
phow tht
Can po
cquatim
has a uniçu