ION

LAWS OF

Every body
continues to be in state of rest or uniform motion

unless by some external force

a straight line
compelled
in
otherwise
to act

mass is measure of inertia

Larger the mass the larger is the inertia

Type of inertia
I inertia of Rest
inertia of motion
direction
inertia of
Eam of reference

reference is at rest or
observer
i inertial frame of
Newtonian uniform motion E const
Newton's law is directly applicable

Non inertial frame observer is accelerated

of reference
Newton's law is not directly
applicable

Momentum p
quantity of motion contained in a body

F me p mu
 M Vn Pz M Vz
Pa Py My

Foy El
An applied force always tries to change

lil state of rest

lil state of uniform motion
Iii Direction of motion
in shape

Newton's seed lawof motion

momentum of a body is directly
The rate of change of
direction
proportional to net forie and it takes place in the
in which the force acts

instforce É off Mv m dig

tidy
for solid bodies m const dig 0

É m MI É mi
É
III
mat
II
Avg force m
might

Fang mat
F dig Gt 12

t 3 F 6 3 2

201L
 F ma

Etl
If
2 a a variable
L
variable
 is same as direction of
net forie
Diriction of acceleration

at is variable
É moi if É is variable

Fx Max Fy dogg may

daly

É mat is applicable to single point partitle

we can assume
entire mass
if a body is given

is concentrated at its centre

of body

Resultant force net force

o o
EF 3ND
a F 2N
E Fy 2 5 3N H
3N
31
52

I Fnet
FIEF 353
E 5N
3521
 if F It 0 Balanted fore system Eat
if Fit 73 to a unbalanted force system

Impulse

it is a force acting on a object for a short interval oftime

if É is uniform I Fat Ns
vector

if É is variable I fÉ.dt

I FAT AP Pf P I PI Bi

Force
a da Fdt
1 Totalarea A fdA fFdt I

t jy to
Y time
Area I PIPT
V1 1011 V2 10
IF 21 202

I AP MAV M V2VI
2 10 11077
2 20 401

IF
 I FAT Pf P

s 6014 nosinood

Tino 10086051

losing

i É 10016051

Fx 2 3 É V1 3 God losing
105in
od
3 2051h60 I 306 th
60
53 i
F 15053 til
Newtons third aw
there is always an equal and opposite
reaction
For every action

conservation of men um

Fnet 415 0 const PI PI

t
M M2
is
mÉ É
417212 Duringcollision V2 V1

Pi Pf
É2
Mill Mall MNit Matz
mi

2 m2
Recoil speed
of gun
bulletMa
gy p n
0 0 MaV2 T M V

f
u
Ma MaV2 Mill

GunMi Recoilspeed
at
V1 M2V2
massof a
gun
Rocket propulsion variable mass system

including fuel
Vo initial velocity of rocket

Fg Fg
i Fg iii ng v

Vg Vg D U

U velocity of gas wot rocket

dig rate of fuel
consumption

Net thrust on rocket u

dye

Net force on rocket u

dig my
m mo
TI'D
net acceleration of rocket
ye
velocity of rolket at any instant

V Not U In Mom
 IIIookgs 4 4.5 104Mls

Thrust U
dig ELIN

dig 20kg1
m mo
digit U 800Ms

Thrust U
dig
800 20
LIN mo hooky

net force T mg 18 10
11
167103
6

1
a netmforce 6 6m12
 Mt Mt 3m I
m
Ikg1
Fi PI
O mroitmrojtPj

Pj MroCity P MVor Void

Equilibrium of a particle

Inlet EFI ET 0

EF O EFy 0

Types of forces in meshanics

ring ring

i weight w mg

yo
2 Normal Reaction N
pushingforce
Contact force

1 0911111 rn
AN
A Draw TBD of following

M 00
Mz
1 8 i i i i s i n i n is

um g
Mag

12 112 p

AN FN2

4m29
Mz
N12
M
i s t t t t t t tt pI in e i s t t t tt t t N12
1m19
Y

I
 kN

3 Tension

it is the pulling force exerted a string alongthe length

by
of string sin in a string is
impulsive
1

string
ti
ti
Meta
stairs if string is masses

to II
M
Tensionremain
A
s i n i is a i s i i i i is
same

Taut
 Tia

Eh É'm
mi 42

M2

on
btw m and Ms

sissies sissies is is socii iii is

III
IN
EYE
Fy Max Nez V23 Maa V23 Mya
F Nez Mia La 3

11 27 13 7 F
miatmzatmza at

matnisl

N T m
mfr it
 Nia t
miffmem MÉEm 11

o a Funb
Total Imam
F

ym.com.af
I
i s s i s s is it s i s s i s s i t i ca s s i n i s

F
Eth
N12 atm3 F
s s i ti i Timmy
h Find Tension in the stringbtw m and Mz
A

M3 H2 Mi F
s s e i s s i ie e ie s is is is is is is is is is is

IT II.tt I
M39 11 T23
712 723 Mza
L K
F Ti Mia
L B

4 47 137 F Mia meatmga

a T2
Isftmatmz
a I
Mi math

9
20,1
20 T 4
3 2,6 Y 3
T 20 231 463
 I
9 0
É Éd É F 4I
p
Spring force

A spring develops opposition to change in its length

Is II
soon
to EMMY Emmy
lota

The opposing fore spring ford F h

k spring constant stiffness gypsy

k

gyp i
k
Kate
spring forces are non impulsive

IF Img X

moment
In
T kn mg
ÉEnI N
always F T My
 5 KN 292
SN
5 1 292
ms 92 2m s

Ekka
kn 1 1
1
 pulley block system

I Mig T Mia 1
T Mag Maa H

Ijm M 11 91 a a Mi mag
Tim
T
t tmag

I
MII
A T
III

Find acceleration and Tension

ii.tt Mag T Maa 2

T
Muta V V
a Mag
Time
 hirta fm mig
mkt Tim
mad
g
g my
g

It
at

hÉy
t.gg
 M
now
y my

To
O
ungos

me
Masino
J
300

fi h
600

JO
 a
r
mighigsino
A 1951402
o
missin 701 y
 9 2
0120 I
I
20 TAB 2 103
I
µ 1
i t

IT Fnet O
Il Nat1 40
0 NA NA 40 20 2012

Fnet O
B
IIT II
Spring balance A spring balance reads the springforce

in the spring not the applied force

Reading F

normal
weighing machine A weighing machine reads the
reaction developed not the applied force

Apparent weight of a body in lift

M N ng ma

4mg
ga N m gta Reading

Hi ma
4 Aciderating downwards mg N
N m g a

4 moving with constant velocity

N mg O
N Hgeff
ng

4 freefall a
g t
mg N my
N O
 N MGeff

Ta geff gta
ta
at geff g a

y
4 7 2
V Tt Jeff g
Mi 19eff
g g

9 60 30
34 13
9

T 30 3
I
Bon I y IF 1,1
GON 30N T 30
43 40111
i T F
401
 Ox
FEI
N m ta 1kg7 g N
ng
Igkgf
N Mfg a newton IN

Reading Mig al N a Kgf

ng
ME Kgf
g
Tension at of a body
any section

i
a
In

T Ma T
AT MINXEy
FI
TA FIX L Max
I T ly

Te
Ext Ez
T em
n Find T at a distanie n from A

o
ng
T mg
Inxg
T Mgy

f i.i.gg
A TA I TB Xl
May
My
 A
n
M
Find force exerted
by
M F rope on the block

Emp
M att F Ma MF

Tng
 IT
constraint motion an
l
ET N O

1111111 ET V O
TA
ET A O g
IT
a
T.nl
Tm21N2tV2f9z
1
I In Eton o

TN 7 2 0

V V21

1111 ET 9 0

il.IT Pa Tada TBA 0

still
1 TAGA TBA 1
s
si P Mffap
gI ITA pp Ta 27

A Ip IT TA 2713 H
V
AA
M 271391 713943

Ap 29A
 Friction

friction opposes relative motion bw two surfaces

it is acting along surface of contact

Direction is opposite to relative motion

M
i i 1111 71 1
f

Types of friction

I if body is at rest static friction Ifs

2 if body is just about to more maxstatic friction
Limiting friction fi
3 if body is in motion kinetic friction fr
Kinffriction Fa
into play when a body slides over
kinetic friction comes

one another

from experiments f a N k
coefficient of
kinetic friction
f p N

the body is in motion if body

fr
whenever
only exists

stops then at same instant fr o

H Ma
4mg V f ma

MaN Ma
n j MaMg Ha
ve ut at
a ng
O V Hgt

Yug
 static friction

it ants on a body at rest opposite to direction of

tendency of motion

Casey F if FL f Rest
M
F f
f

case2
if F F Rest
F F
Just move A M
fi
impending A
verge of motion th

Casey F if F f motion

M i
fr will act

fr
Limiting friction fi
impending motion
4mg
from exp

f a N
rough
f MSN

Ms coeff of static friction

 if F I f body will be in rest
then is acting
if F f body will more
fr
not fs

Angle of friction d

impending motion
1mg
F
y Net contact force R Fti
f tank
e Ms
n É RR
A tan Ms
 Angle of repose
impending motion
must
Mgmt
rest mgsina f
mgcost N

IN tana Ms

9 7
a tan us

case 1 Oz a Rest static friction

masino

fs mgsino

Ffs
 case 2 O a a motion Kinetic friction
masino
myoso
f MRN

Fk Mrmgaso
goth

Acceleration down inclined plane

Masino
Mgsino fr ma

age Hgsino punygaso

Ma

go.tk a g sino guard

if plane is smooth 14 0

a gsino

Acceleration
up inclined plane

mgsino fr ma

Hgsinottumgard Ma
a sino guard retardation
I g
 Fs f a motion

FE f Rest

F 5
Ny
f MsN 30X 3 10 91
sN Fef Rest

f
f 5
NA

a tan y tan i

4 450 0 300

Oh a Rest
sin30
mg
Rest
y Fs
1300 tMI
Ffs
 Rest
go Ian
f MN FL MN
20
4 40 4
GI
 2M

I ftp.m
N 21,9
1 in
T fl T
MY
ME M219

I
 5 100 N loon

ETIM f MN
100
4 401
F f Relative motion btw10kg

and40kg

HI 400N
Fk
as k Ma

H MN ma
Th 100 40 Xa
Ng 4 A Im s2
Pseudo force virtual force
o

pseudo fore acts in non inertial frame of reference

pesado force mass of body x ace of observer

Direction is opposite to acceleration of observer

frame of reference Pseudo force is

For a revolving
known as

B nosliding centrifugal force

A T na Find a
if i i i i s s s e s s

wot A
f ma

III
I
lung Ha
a pug
11

Wrt B
Best
F f

Iffy
Hxa ring
a
ugly
 N F Mkay

f Mgk
4mg

qtIf e F f e f
Hg e Mma

freak
 ping

it
90O
NSino M a
Naro
my
tano
g
a gtano
CRILAR MOTI
M

FIEF
t The net fore acting
the radius line
on the particle

acts
y along
99,0
centripetal force radialfore

my P Fnet Ma

mw'g
E Mac MY
alwayas acts towards centre of circle

Motion of land
a
let rod
N ng 11

may ts is providing

É
gg ff centripetal force

for circular motion

2
fs E f
Fs Mr
I Mt's ping
Vmax Murg ve Murg
Motion of Caton a roughtanked rod

it
FIA p i
I
it
fsino Naso
F

É
c

Fnet radial
MY
Nsino Faso Mel

NSino MNero MRI it

Fredy 0

Naso f sino mg 0
 Naso MNSino mg a

mm
ayyy
Itani it
Rigg
Vmax

Agtano optimum speed

on smooth road 4 0 Vmax

level road
on banked road Vmax is more than

Angle of tano
Banking Ying

Non
Iniformgy emotion mus
Man
MI
j
Mra
v 4 Ft m at
MIL
Fnet
TEE
 V
Fir Ft
É
g
O

There must be a centripetal component of force acting on

a particle moving along a circular path

cow

NSino Mwh
Naso mg
sino
tano Wgn
w gtang
Rn y
m
g w
FI
 M
pmg

N Mw's Fs mgy
f Ifl
Mgeppw

FLEW wmin
Fay

fmg Ksmo
Mpt
Raso mg

Reino
tano V2
gentre Ig
Inruso
R