Calculators/Sakrekenaars: No/Nee

Requirements for this paper/Benodigdhede vir hierdie vraestel: Other resources/Ander hulpmiddels:
Answer scripts/ Multi-choice cards (A5)/
X
Antwoordskrifte: Multikeusekaarte (A5):

Attendance slips (Fill-in paper)/ Multi-choice cards (A4)/

Presensiestrokies (Invulvraestel): Multikeusekaarte (A4):

Scrap paper/ Graph paper/

Rofwerkpapier: Grafiekpapier:

Type of Assessment/ Semester test Qualification/ B.Sc.

Tipe Assessering: Semestertoets Kwalifikasie:
Module code/ BCHN 222 Duration/ 2 hour
Modulekode: Tydsduur: 2 uur
Module description/ Metabolism Max/ 100
Module beskrywing: Metabolisme Maks:
Examiner(s)/ Prof. Zander Lindeque Date/ 20/09/2021
Eksaminator(e): Datum:
Internal/Interne Prof Du Toit Loots Time/ 10:00
Moderator(s): Tyd:

Submission of answer scripts/Inhandiging van antwoordskrifte: Ordinary/Gewoon

Question / Vraag 1 [10]

Define the following terms: / Definieer die volgende terme:

1.1 Catabolism / Katabolisme (2)

1.2 Anabolism / Anabolisme (2)
1.3 Metabolome / Metaboloom (1)
1.4 Metabolomics / Metabolomika (1)
1.5 Coezyme or cofactor / Koënsiem of kofaktor (2)
1.6 Inherited metabolic disorder / Aangebore metaboliese defek. (2)

Question / Vraag 2 [33]

2.1 Describe the digestion, absorption and distribution of starch, sucrose and lactose in detail.
Beskryf die vertering, absorpsie en verspreiding van stysel, sukrose en laktose volledig. (8)

2.2 Provide an integrated schematic presentation (metabolic map) of glycolysis, gluco-

neogenesis and glycogen metabolism (as found in the liver). Include the regulatory enzymes
of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Voorsien ʼn geïntegreerde skematiese voorstelling (metaboliese kaart) van glikolise, gluko-
neogenese en glikogeen metabolisme (soos dit in die lewer plaasvind). Sluit die
regulatoriese ensieme van glikolise en glukoneogenese in. (20)

2.3 Explain how the abovementioned pathways maintain blood glucose levels during fasting.
BCHN 222 1/2
 Verduidelik hoe bogenoemde weë bloedglukose vlakke onderhou gedurende vastende
toestande. (5)

Question / Vraag 3 [30]

3.1 Provide a simplified schematic presentation (metabolic map) of the TCA cycle and oxidative
phosphorylation (which include the electron transport chain). Clearly indicate how these
pathways integrate.
Voorsien ʼn eenvoudige skematiese voorstelling van die TKS-siklus en oksidatiewe
fosforilasie (insluitende die elektrontransportketting). Dui duidelik aan hoe hierdie weë
integreer. (25)

3.2 Lactic acidosis is often a consequence of strenuous exercise. Explain the metabolism.
Laktiese asidose is soms die gevolg van strawwe oefening. Verduidelik die metabolisme. (5)

Question / Vraag 4 [20]

4.1 Match the fatty acids to the correct classes (A – E).

Pas die vetsure by die regte klasse (A – E). (5)
Fatty acid / Vetsuur Class / Klas
4.1.1 Phytanic acid A Uneven chain /
Fitansuur Ongelyke getal ketting
4.1.2 Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) / B Saturated /
Dokosapentaenoësuur (DPA) Versadig
4.1.3 9E-tetradecenoic acid / C Poly-unsaturated /
9E-tetradekenoësuur Poli-onversadig
4.1.4 Palmitic acid / D Mono-unsaturated /
Palmitiensuur Mono-onversadig
4.1.5 Nonadecanoic acid / E Branched /
Nonadekanoësuur Vertak

4.2 Provide a simplified schematic presentation (metabolic map) of mitochondrial β-oxidation of

stearic acid (octadecanoic acid). Include activation, mitochondrial transportation, important
coenzymes and enzyme names. (Note that you can simply show the first round).
Voorsien ʼn eenvoudige skematiese voorstelling (metaboliese kaart) van mitochondriale β-
oksidasie van steriensuur (oktadekanoësuur). Sluit aktivering, mitochondriale vervoer,
belangrike koënsieme en ensiemname in. (Let wel: jy kan net die eerste rondte wys). (15)

Question / Vraag 5 [7]

Match the treatment, biochemical -, and/or clinical presentations listed in the Table (A – G)
to each of the following diseases.
Pas die behandeling, biochemiese – en/of kliniese beelde, wat in die Tabel gelys is (A – G),
by elk van die volgende siektes.

BCHN 222 2/2

 5.1 Lactose intolerance / Laktose intoleransie (2)
5.2 MCAD defect / MKAD defek (2)
5.3 Type 2 Diabetes / Tipe 2 Diabetes (2)
5.4 Pyruvate Carboxylase deficiency / Piruvaatkarboksilase defek (1)

Altered metabolism and/or metabolites (biochemical presentation)

Veranderde metabolisme en/of metaboliete (biochemiese beeld)

A Ketotic hyperglycaemia / Ketotiese hiperglukemie

B Lactic acidosis with elevated acetyl-CoA and ketone bodies / Laktiese asidose met verhoogde
asetiel-KoA en ketoonliggaampies

C Hypoketotic hypoglycaemia / Hipoketotiese hipoglukemie

Clinical symptoms / Kliniese simptome

D Gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhoea / Gastro-intestinale simptome soos diarree

E Overweight and lethargic with glucosuria / Oorgewig en energieloos met glukosurie

F Onset of symptoms when fasting which leads to coma and death (cot death) / Simptome
aangeskakel tydens vastende toestande wat lei tot koma en dood (kotdood)

Treatment / Behandeling

G Avoid milk and other dairy products / Voorkom melk en inname van ander suiwel produkte

TOTAL/TOTAAL: 100
File reference: 8.1.7.2.2

BCHN 222 3/2