THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES

ST. AUGUSTINE

EXAMINATIONS OF DECEMBER 2022

Code and Name of Course: CHEM 0100 – N1 CHEMISTRY I

Date and Time: 16th December 2022, 9:00 am - 12 noon Duration: THREE (3) hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: This paper has 9 pages and 8 questions

Answer BOTH Questions in SECTION A

AND

ANY THREE (3) from SECTION B

Each question carries 20 marks.

The use of non-programmable calculators is permitted.
Graph paper sheets will be provided.

Where necessary use:

Universal Gas Constant, R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1
or 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1
Planck’s Constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s
Rydberg Constant, RH = 2.179 x 10-18 J
Velocity of light, c = 3.0 x 108 m s-1
Avogadro’s number, NA = 6.023 x 1023 mol-1

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 2

SECTION A

1. The percentage of ammonium ions in Sample X was determined by undertaking the following sequence
of steps:

(a) 0.97 g of Sample X were placed in a 200 mL beaker and 60 mL of 0.48 M sodium hydroxide
solution were added to the beaker, together with 20 mL of distilled water.

(b) The reaction mixture was heated for 40 minutes to remove ammonia gas.

(c) After heating, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and titrated using a 0.35 M
sulfuric acid solution. 20.15 mL of acid solution were required for complete neutralization.
Ar: H = 1; N = 14
Answer the following questions:

(i) Calculate the initial moles of sodium hydroxide used in the experiment (2 marks)
(ii) Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide reacting in the titration (6 marks)
(iii) Determine the number of moles of ammonium ions present in Sample X (5 marks)
(iv) What is the percentage of ammonium ions present in Sample X? (5 marks)
(v) Identify a possible indicator that can be used for the titration in Step (c) above and give a
reason for your choice (2 marks)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 3

2. Examine the synthetic scheme below and identify:

(a) Reagents and Conditions (i) - (v) (10 marks)
(b) Structures A – E (10 marks)

END OF SECTION A

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 4

SECTION B

3. Examine the synthetic scheme below and identify:

(a) Reagents and Conditions (i) - (v) (10 marks)
(b) Structures F – J (10 marks)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 5

4. Examine the synthetic scheme below and identify:

(a) Reagents and Conditions (i) - (v) (10 marks)
(b) Structures K – O (10 marks)

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 6

5. (a) An electron falls from the fifth to the third electron shell in a rubidium atom. What energy,
wavelength and frequency correspond to this movement? (6 marks)

(b) If the uncertainty in the position of a neutron in the nucleus of a boron atom was estimated to be
5.8 x 10-12 m, determine the uncertainty in its velocity. (4 marks)

(c) With the aid of a Born-Haber cycle, determine the amount of energy required to break up two
moles of solid barium fluoride into its constituent gaseous ions. (10 marks)
The following information is available:
Electron affinity of fluorine atoms = -328 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy of vaporization of barium metal = 142 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy of formation of barium fluoride = -1207 kJ mol-1
Second ionization energy of barium = 965 kJ mol-1
Fluorine bond energy = 157 kJ mol-1
First ionization energy of barium = 503 kJ mol-1

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 7

6. (a) Consider the n = 4 principal energy level in a cesium atom:

(i) Identify each of the subshells in this level and their associated ‘l’ values
(ii) Identify the ‘ml’ values for each orbital in this level and calculate the total number of orbitals
in each subshell
(iii) What is the total number of orbitals and electrons in the n = 4 principal energy level of a
cesium atom? (3 x 2 marks)

(b) Gallium is an important metal which forms compounds that are used in many electronic devices.
The atomic mass of gallium is 69.723 and the element consists of two stable isotopes: 69Ga, mass
= 68.926 g mol-1 and 71Ga, mass = 70.925 g mol-1. Calculate the percent abundances of the two
isotopes in naturally-occurring gallium. (4 marks)

(c) Carbon monoxide typically reacts with hydrogen gas to form methanol. Determine the enthalpy
change for this reaction given the following experimental data:

(6 marks)

(d) The de Broglie wavelength of neutrons used in an experiment involving helium atoms is 103.9
picometers (pm). What is the speed of one of these neutrons?
The mass of a neutron is 1.67 x 10-24 g; 1 pm = 1 x 10-12 m (4 marks)

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 8

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

7. The following data were measured for the reaction of nitric oxide and hydrogen at 110 oC:

Experiment Number [NO] (M) [H2] (M) Initial Rate (M/ s)

1 0.10 0.10 1.23 x 10-6
2 0.15 0.15 4.15 x 10-6
3 0.15 0.30 8.30 x 10-6
4 0.20 0.20 9.84 x 10-6
5 0.30 0.15 1.66 x 10-5

(a) Determine the order of the reaction with respect to each reactant and also the overall order of the
reaction (5 marks)

(b) Deduce the rate law for the reaction (2 marks)

(c) Calculate the numerical value for the rate constant (2 marks)

(d) Determine the rate of the reaction if 0.40 M of H2 is added to 0.65 M of NO (3 marks)

(e) Calculate the activation energy (Ea) for this reaction if the rate constant at 220 oC is 7.70 x 10-2
L2 mol-2 s-1. (5 marks)

(f) What fraction of reactants possesses energies greater than or equal to the activation energy for
the reaction if nitric oxide and hydrogen were mixed in a 5 L container at 280 ℃?
(3 marks)

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 9

PLEASE TURN TO THE NEXT PAGE

8. (a) Consider the reversible decomposition of nitrogen monoxide to form nitrogen dioxide and
dinitrogen monoxide:

If 5.38 mol of nitrogen dioxide, 7.47 mol of dinitrogen monoxide and 1.65 mol of nitrogen
monoxide were placed in a 1 L vessel at 30 ℃ and 2.64 mol of nitrogen dioxide were present at
equilibrium:

(i) Calculate both the Kc and pressure equilibrium constant for the reaction. (13 marks)
(ii) If this exothermic decomposition reaction was done at 105 ℃, what would be the impact on
the concentration of each chemical species as well as the equilibrium constants for the reaction?
(3 marks)

(b) Bromine gas, Br2 can combine with chlorine gas, Cl2 to form the compound, BrCl. Given that Kc
for this reaction is 7.2 at 100 ℃, calculate the equilibrium concentration of chlorine gas if the
concentrations of BrCl and bromine gas at equilibrium are 0.134 M and 0.098 M respectively.
(4 marks)

END OF SECTION B

END OF EXAMINATION PAPER

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……

 Page 10

© The University of the West Indies Course Code: CHEM 0100 2022/2023/Semester I
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

DO NOT WRITE OR TYPE ON THE BACK OF THIS SHEET: USE ONE SIDE ONLY

INSTRUCTIONS: Each page must be signed by the Examiners and where applicable, the University Examiner and/or
the External Examiner. Where the examination does not require a University Examiner, the form must be signed by the First
and Second Examiners. Completed forms should be handed to the Assistant Registrar (Examinations). The EXTERNAL
EXAMINER is requested to sign the question paper and return it with comments, it any, (on a separate sheet), to the Assistant
Registrar (Examinations).

……………………………………..
First Examiner University Examiner
…………………………………… …………………………………….
Second Examiner External Examiner (where applicable)

Date: 2020// Date: 20…../……/……