A Short Technical Report towards A7024 – PR (P) Course

Automatic Bird Repellant Using IoT

Submitted in the Partial Fulfillment of

the Requirements
for the Award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted
By
Team No.: 05
G. VAMSHI 21881A05E8
G. AKHIL 21881A05E9
G. NIKITHA 21881A05F0
G. VIVEK 21881A05F4
I. BHANU 21881A05F6
K. SAI SATHWIK 21881A05F7
Under the Esteemed Guidance of
Ms. Keerthi Pendam & Ms. Rayeesa Tanseem
Assistant Professor & Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(AUTONOMOUS)
Affiliated to JNTUH, Approved by AICTE, Accredited by NAAC with A++ Grade, ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Kacharam, Shamshabad, Hyderabad – 501218, Telangana, India
2022-23

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of the task would be put
incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible, whose constant guidance
and encouragement crown all the efforts with success.

We wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to Ms. Keerthi Pendam, Assistant

Professor & Ms. Rayeesa Tasneem, Assistant Professor for their able guidance and useful
suggestions, which helped us in completing the design part of potential project in time.

We particularly thankful to Dr. Ramesh Karnati, Associate Professor & Head,

Department of Computer Science and Engineering for his guidance, intense support and
encouragement, which helped us to mould our project into a successful one.

We show gratitude to our honorable Principal Dr. J. V. R. Ravindra, for having

provided all the facilities and support.

We avail this opportunity to express our deep sense of gratitude and heartful thanks to
Dr Teegala Vijender Reddy, Chairman and Sri Teegala Upender Reddy, Secretary of VCE,
for providing congenial atmosphere to complete this project successfully.

We also thank all the staff members of Product Realization Team for their valuable
support and generous advice. Finally, thanks to all our friends and family members for their
continuous support and enthusiastic help.

 G. Vamshi – 21881A05E8
 G. Akhil – 21881A05E9
 G. Nikitha – 21881A05F0
 G. Vivek – 21881A05F4
 I. Bhanu – 21881A05F6
 K. Sai Sathwik Reddy –21881A05F7

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 VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HYDERABAD
an autonomous institute affiliated to JNTUH
Department of Computer Science and Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the short technical report work entitled “Automatic Bird Repellant Using
IoT” carried out by Mr. G. Vamshi, Roll Number 21881A05E8, Mr. G. Akhil, Roll Number
21881A05E9, Ms. G. Nikitha , Roll Number 21881A05HF0, Mr. G. Vivek , Roll Number
21881A05F4, Mr. I. Bhanu , Roll Number 21881A05F6, Mr. K. Sai Sathwik Reddy , Roll
Number 21881A05F7, towards A7024 – PR (P) course and submitted to the Department of
Computer Science and Engineering, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and Engineering during the year
2022-23.

Name & Signature of the Instructors Name & Signature of the HOD

Ms. Keerthi Pendam Dr. Ramesh Karnati

Assistant Professor HOD, CSE

Ms. Rayeesa Tasneem

Assistant Professor

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 Abstract
In this paper, smart scarecrow system uses irritating sound, high intensity lights and arm movement to fear the
animal as well as birds and automatic height adjustment mechanism to increase accuracy in the object
detection. The flow diagram of the proposed system.

This system consists of PIR sensor for detection of the object after detection other three peripherals
are activated servo motors present here performs the motion operation of scarecrow arm and
firecracker sound buzzer is used to demotivate the animal as well as birds and for the night time high
intensity lights placed on head is used to keep animals away from farm field. Simultaneously message
of detection is instantly send using IOT cloud platform on smartphone of the farm owner. Ultrasonic
sensor presents here for detection of the height of crop depending upon different seasonal cropping
pattern based on that scarecrow height gets automatically set using pulley and motor mechanism.
Now a days, wild-animals are smart enough they learn to overcome obstacles such as fences and
scarecrow. This system uses available technology to reduce manpower. The automatic height
adjustment concept is used here to detect the object clearly varying height of the crops should not be
the barrier for detection. Main body of the system is made up of hollow metallic box in which
controller circuit is placed so system can work in worst whether situation. There are different
scarecrow systems available but these are very specific to particular animal or birds but in present
system we try to make a scarecrow by taking consideration of most of the animals and birds.

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 LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. Page
Name of the Figure
No. No.
1 Flow Chart 4

2 Gantt Chart 5

3 Design of Product 8

4.1 Code Implementation 9

4.2 Code Implementation 9

5 Lane Line Detection Output 10

6 Traffic sign Detection Output 10

ABBREVATIONS

Abbreviation Expansion
IoT Internet of Things

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 OUTLINE
Acknowledgements (ii)
Abstract (iv)
List of Figures (v)
List of Tables (v)
Abbreviations (v)
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Scope 1
1.3 Objectives 2
1.4 Need for Product Realization 2
1.5 Product Realization Process 3
2 Product Realization Planning 4
2.1 Flow Chart 4
2.2 Steps involved for Product Realization 5
2.3 Gantt Chart 5
3 Community partner-Related Processes 6
3.1 Details of Community partner 6
4 Purchases and Design and Development of Product 7
4.1 Purchasing information 7
4.2 Design of Product 7
4.3 Development Process 8
4.4 Final Product 9
5 Delivery to Community Partner, Feedback and Redesign 11
5.1 Delivery details 11
5.2 Feedback on delivered product 11
6 Business Model/Paper/Patent information 12

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7 Conclusion 13
References
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(Include references to books, articles, reports referred to in the report)

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 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Motivation:
We know that Agriculture is one of the important sources of income in India and
many farmers are dependent on agriculture. But the crops are attacked by many
terrestrial animals and birds. To protest the crop from terrestrial animals, we use
fences, but what about the birds. As a part of old techniques, the farmers used scare
crow to scare the birds off or create sounds to scare them off. We are trying to reduce
this work to farmers by our project.
1.2 Scope:
This prototype is to check the bird without any physical reference. Ultrasonic sensors
can measure the distance to a wide range of objects regardless of shape, color or
surface texture. They are also able to measure an approaching or receding object. By
using “non-contact” ultrasonic sensors, distances can be measured without damage
to the bird. The ultrasonic sensor emits a high-frequency sound pulse and calculates
distance.

1.3 Objectives:
 Our project’s main objective is to avoid the problems by the birds in crops
 Act like a scare-crow by generating sound on the object’s presence.
 Evaluate and validate the proposed system's performance through extensive
experimentation and comparisons with state-of-the-art techniques.

1.4 Need for Product Realization:

Product Realization is a process of meeting the market requirements with
available resources and also combining the technology as well which helps in

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developing a new product to fill the gap in the market and also to fulfill the
needs of the people. This includes the selection and dimensioning of
equipment, resources and other elements, the connection of these elements to
performance chains. The tasks of project realization are the scheduling of the
implementation, the construction and manufacturing of the system elements,
the build-up of the whole system and finally the start-up and tests.

1.5 Product Realization Process:

Product Realization process undergoes several stages as follows:
1. Research and Requirements Analysis: Conduct comprehensive research on state-
of-the-art IoT-based detection methods and analyze the specific requirements for
accurate sensing and bird detection in fields.
2. Algorithm Development and Implementation: Develop and refine IoT and the
sensors to act as a bird repellent. Implement the algorithm in software, optimized
for efficient processing on the onboard hardware of the IoT.
3. Data Collection and Annotation: Gather a diverse dataset of bird details and
recognizing the pattern of their landing in fields. This dataset is crucial for
training and evaluating the algorithm's performance.
4. Training and Validation:. Validate the model's accuracy and robustness using a
separate validation dataset to ensure reliable performance in real-world
scenarios.
5. Integration and Testing: Integrate the sensors and buzzers to the Arduino making
it complete. Conduct extensive testing in various field conditions and
environments to verify the system's functionality, reliability, and safety.
Throughout the product realization process, collaboration between domain experts in
computer vision, machine learning, and automatic bird repellent is essential to ensure a
successful and effective implementation of the automatic bird repellent using IoT.
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 2 Product Realization Planning

2.1 Flow Chart:

Fig 1: Flow Chart

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2.2 Steps involved for Product Realization:
1. Finding all the requirements to build a website.
2. Learning about programming languages and databases in order a build an
effective website.
3. Design and development of backend and frontend for the
website. 4. Uploading all the information about success journeys
of people.
5. This also includes video links of their lectures and eBooks for references.
6. Maintaining the database in a secure manner in order to avoid losing of info
and limiting the access of users.
7. Testing the website.
8. Rectifying the bugs if any , this helps the website to run in an efficient
manner. 9.Customervalidation.
10.Releasing of product into the market.

2.3 Gantt Chart:

Fig 2: Gantt Chart

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 3 Community Partner-Related Process

3.1 Details of community partner:

1.Name of Person: G. Ramesh

2.Age: 40
3. Occupation/Work culture: Farmer
4. Location: Jangoan

5.Mobile Number: 9676784419

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 4 Purchase and Design and Development of Product
4.1 Purchasing Information:
Bread board: 60
Ultra sonic sensor 290
Connecting 10
Sound buzzer 110
Arduino uno 600
Led 10

4.2 Design of Product:

To design this model, we used Arduino Uno. To run the setup, we used Arduino
application to dump the code into it. For identification of birds, we used ultra sonic
sensors and buzzers for producing sound.

4.3 Development Process:

We developed this project using IoT with the help of sensors that are used with
Arduino UNO, The tools used to develop our project are:

a. Arduino UNO: Arduino UNO is a low-cost, flexible, and easy-to-use

programmable open-source microcontroller board that can be integrated into a variety
of electronic projects. This board can be interfaced with other Arduino boards, Arduino
shields, Raspberry Pi boards and can control relays, LEDs, servos, and motors as an
output a widely used open-source computer vision and image processing library. It
provides a comprehensive set of tools and functions for various tasks related to
computer vision, image analysis, and machine learning.

b. Bread Board: A breadboard, solderless breadboard, or protoboard is a construction

base used to build semi-permanent prototypes of electronic circuits.
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c. Ultrasonic Sensor: An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance
to an object using ultrasonic sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to
send and receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object's
proximity.

Architecture and Design:

Fig 3 Design of product

4.4 Final Product:

Fig 4.1 Code Implementation

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Fig 4.2 Code Implementation

Fig 4.3: Working Model

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 5 Delivery to Community Partner, Feedback and Redesign

5.1 Delivery Details:

Our project is available to everyone at minimum cost. It serves as an helpful device

that can be readily utilized by anyone interested in the domain. The implementation
requires only the installation of setup, making it easily accessible. This approach
ensures easy setup, less cost and efficient.

5.2 Feedback:

While the project's emphasis obstacle detection and open field bird detections
highlights its foundational success, there are avenues for further improvement.
Expanding the system's capabilities to encompass camera installation and varied buzzer
conditions, such as different bird scenarios and adverse weather, could significantly
enhance its practicality and real-world applicability. Incorporating real-time
performance optimizations and noise reduction techniques would bolster the system's
accuracy and efficiency.

Developing a module for classifying the detected birds would add value to your project
by providing meaningful information to farmers. Ensuring your dataset encompasses
various bird and climatic scenarios, lighting conditions, and camera perspectives will
make the model more robust.

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 6 Business Model/Paper/Patent information
Research paper information:
Automatic Bird Repellent using IoT model of scare crow system. This project has three
main tasks 1. Object detection using PIR sensor 2. Recording the motions 3. Automatic
height adjustment. This Model is effective and helps in multiple purposes too.
Sai Chandan P Reddy et.all [4] made a device with the help of Arduino nano and used
microcontroller and ultrasonic sensor which helps to protect the agriculture lands from
all animals. With the help of these sensors, it has detected the intrusion of the animals.
Mr. Jayesh Redij et.all [5] proposed a device of animal motion detection around the
agriculture land with Raspberry pi and camera sensor. With the help of GSM module,
it calls the framer to alert him. The proposed device is capable of day and night vision.
Prof. Harshalata Mahajan et.all [6] constructed a device with the help of Arduino
nano, servo and speaker which when the animal is detected then the speaker plays the
sound with the inbuilt in SD card which helps to scare the birds and animals.
CH. Neeraja Soni et.al [8] designed a distance measurement system using ultrasonic
waves and interfaced with Arduino. Using ultrasonic sensor HC - SR04 small distances
are measured precisely by the sound waves generated through it
L. Koval et.al [9] proposed an IoT device using ultrasonic sensor to measure distance
of an object and also verifying the accuracy of the measurement of the distance of the
object. Several devices are used to communicate with the sensor and observing the
accuracy of the measurement.

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 7 Conclusion

In conclusion, this prototype of automatic bird repellent using IoT is to check the bird
without any physical reference. Ultrasonic sensors can measure the distance to a wide
range of objects regardless of shape, color or surface texture. They are also able to
measure an approaching or receding object. By using “non-contact” ultrasonic sensors ,
distances can be measured without damage to the bird. The ultrasonic sensor emits a
high-frequency sound pulse and calculates the distance. This proposed model is a cost-
effective, reliable, and simply understandable solution. This approach of using IoT
devices believes that problems like protection of college areas or buildings from birds
and many such related problems can be solved under this area of interest, hence
broadening the horizon of researchers to bring on effective implementable ideas or
solutions for different problems similar to this.

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 References

1. L. Clark, "Review of bird repellents", Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest

Conference, vol. 18, no. 18, 1998.
2. X. J. Yin, J. Lin and Z. Z. Shao, "Design of Intelligent Underground Sound Bird
Repellent System Based on Wireless Communication Network", Applied
Mechanics and Materials, vol. 596, pp. 782-787, 2014.
3. W. Chen, J. Zhang and J. Li, "Intelligent decision-making with bird strike risk
assessment for airport bird repellent", Aeronaut. J., vol. 122, no. 1252, pp. 988-
1002, 2018.
4. Y. Chen, Y. Dai and Y. Chen, "Design and Implementation of Automatic Bird-
blocking Network in Airport Intelligent Bird-repelling System", 2019 IEEE 4th
Advanced Information Technology Electronic and Automation Control
Conference (IAEAC), vol. 1, pp. 2511-2515, 2019.
5. Y. Chen, Z. Liu, Y. Chen and Y. Liu, "Design of Gateway in Airport Intelligent
Bird-repelling System", 2019 IEEE 4th Advanced Information Technology
Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC), vol. 1, pp. 2060-2064,
2019.
6. D. Gradolewski et al., "Comprehensive Bird Preservation at Wind Farms",
Sensors, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 267, 2021.

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