Mercenaries

momentum
Propagation of or

energy
dis urbane of medium

by little
battle .

Wave

In
Transverse
Longitudinal
gprotrmof
particle
particle Moton

I¥É¥ #É÷
Mohan of wave wave Motion

(Motion of disturbance
wave → a) Many
battle
(A) All oscillating

distance after
wavelength : → Min .

which pattern repeats

.
 I - ✗ -
I 0=27
KX= 21T

k=¥
Im :> y=AGn(kn@
↳ angled # Angular
wave no .

Timefeid :→ Min time after which

repeat itself
pattern
.

4¥
T-Ñ
4-
0=2-9

W -1=29
.

If y'=ASin④→ w=2¥
t
=

Angular
fire
.
steedofuove :
→

it
'
Tonini rent ✗
1- See
wave

d- imma
udT=¥
-

I see
wave

[ ¥-0]
velocity -_

f- = to

i
Source defendant
frequency
:→

Medium defendant
Ielouity:→
wave eat at
99T
f- 41nF Ii out

D= Same
o=aa#
✗ =
-96¥

ztmÉ=±¥↳2⇐es
doftlereffect :
→

Due to motor of source

observed
and observer , frequency
observer changes .

by
due to motion of source

Gse_I_:→

IETF j=X -4T

✗ charges
velocity remains
In this case

same so
, frequency change
= X.
-
IT

F- =F→¥=u-÷
i=⇐)0
Consett :→ due to motion of observer
→ u

;F ←
0
Uo
→
→
¥
s
A- ;

→
→ t observer
w.ro
-0+40
-

In this
case observed velocity charges
So
wavelength remains same .

changes
frequency
.

d-

n' =
@*÷)x0
 o
:-(¥10
U= speed of sound
omfta-d.fi →
0
↳ =
, ,
a observer

Natt source
get
→
i
a ,
, ,
us
=

E- ①
5Mt %:

o
:c :±÷→
② → "
us o

o
:( :=÷→
②
¥•¥÷ .
-
.

i=¥sD
 peatfreqwney-i-ff.IE ¥
beat
-
-

10 -04
,

Hr quote
of
#D) → ④
t.tn#-tH*.- B C
A

find beat frequency observed

by B .

✓sound = 320m$ .

→ Antone B of 234T

Y' =(Eo+ ×so

cot asset B of got

E- (:-# ✗ too
 Beat =
10,1-41
0=50112

¥,I?IIy
"
€0711k frequency

Mrs .

Mrs resound __
320m¢

sotonetifat.org#Y=(3F)xso1GH2ofoneTsn-gnT-
vi. ¥ Y
vi. ¥É(÷E×so
02 =
3%0-+50

boat =
th -
so
/
320mA
" Gourd -_

§pom 8- zomls
observer is

moving along
f.
.a3om ABC line .

¥ at A ,B&c
Find observed frequency
-

? -•É¥¥oGs -530=12

1
,

,
,
,

Is
,

$20m
,

s¥¥÷ .
"
"
"

Its
¥ ( }÷) ✗ so = -

0*1=(3%+1-2) ✗so
= -

Opd ( }:-)
so = so
✗
=
 i

"
310m15 ÷
Usourd =

uns .

at A it blow horn
when car is ,

soke observed
with frequency Tmd
.

frequency by Mrs .

¥¥"
i
i
j=(3¥→* µ
=s¥^ I. observer
 observe car at point#
Hi ) when Mr. S,

sound of horn .

Find
he hear
sound
of that
.

frequency

¥¥A '
:
'
I
10650 '

-
.
i
,
.

iii. o

o
'=(}÷• ×so
tea

Cosa
,

=
¥=÷
G-A

5¥
)=tsoud(s == ¥
 Medium defendant
velo-utyofwove-i.rs
①
Tsansversewovemw_¥
U= Tamb I
"]a[M]b[ ]
'
L

[11--1] =
[ MLT

-6=-42 c- I
a =L
After solving

a- E- Far
u=T⑦ A Maestegth
=

dit
sanduqogaeg.in/nedium-
After solving a=k b= -42
 to
Newtonlslow-i.es According
of atria remains
Newton ,
tempt
rogation of
const .
while
is Isothermal
sound .
So
,
process

T=C¥t
Const
p=-dP④
pV=nRT=
←

0
pdv+vdP=

p=
-
vd¥

p=-%%①
Gourd
=
☒ = ↳

not match with

But it does

experimental data
Laplacecoorectm :→
According to laplace

due sound trofogaton process is

Y=t
adiabatic .

pvY= Const
Monoatomic
Vdp +
pyitdv -0 f

d_ndiatomifEsvYdP-oy@iHdv_ d_ -YP_dI-YP-B1.s
In

ma=r=T¥-
It match
with experimental
data
band =
T%= ☒ =
fit

p=sY
Effectoftempr : → wart

If tomb
E.ffectofpoessure-o.rs
is const
density will 9-
.

P P
,
As we

%= Est
Usad=Noeffe#
 Effed-ofhumidity-i.rs
SH umid air
<
Sdry air

↳and > Usaid

.
Humidity 9 up

speed of longitudinal
wave

onthin-d.it
Long
=
☒ ⇐
E- if
→
find time Rotem
wave propagates man

end to
from lower
end
after
.

negligible]
→ 1-=Mg=
Const
[ m →

a- MA

a- E. =
JEE
+ =÷= :# =r¥
if

¥Ñ%
Find time

wore propagates
end to
from lower
end
after
.
→
As we move upward Tension

varies So velocity charges .

,
.

T=xeng
9T
☐ In a- Facing

Heng
linear)
U= Fg ( Not
( Cantt
take Aug
)
.

vahe

d¥=F F

rsfft
e-

tgdnn
o
O
u=E

9=9/2

t= - 1--1=941-2
c- = -
 Miso a- rgn
a=udIn
%n=Fs¥rn
a- rgnxfs Ern
a=%

e- -
KKK

Inf:_ → u=¥
↳ This velocity is relative

to wire .

is
m Tw gf wave

/R produce arsing
Find velocity of

t
wir
ring .
-

wave
.
=÷÷¥÷¥¥÷
"

%-0
+since

#
WI
2T$ no =

4T¢
=
@ RYER
T = recital

Eef WR
%=e
=
=

÷÷

¥→r 9¥
7¥w⇐
Gangway :→

y= fort
not true
= dis .

of particle

to
!¥→É
oscillate particle at
o .

we

Asmlwt flu , t) -41

f- lost) =

+
0911£ Pastiche ont positron
tasers +2

FGt -AS.nu/ftnitD- f1qt-na)==÷=¥,ASywxgy

u

¥ "¥

Asmwct %)
-

= Asmlwt -

)
km
?⃝
tent
Flo, 1- + %)
for f)
,
=

=
A sin w(take
= a- Sm (wt + way
= Asm ( wttkn

axis
}→ yz.tt
on
wt + Ku wave
-we

- wt - can ZETEK

wt ku axis
}→
☒
-

n
wave +we
wttkn
EK
-

AT ZET

=
Of
have
=
¥ =
=

ñ=÷Ia¥
 (1-+42) n&y in an

If 9=3 Sina
1- in see .

Rid 44 have

W= IT K =

→ A -_ 3cm

W= ZTIU k=aq u=Y==2cm@f

IT = 290 2¥ =

IH yan

condhofeghofwowe-i.y-fcn.ly net
linear
combination of
d)

ant-bl.ci/Fnitei)y- 3GnGt-un) ✓

di ) y =3
Sin (31-2-9) ✗

iii ) 5m43 t any ✓

9=3
-

Sin Gt -4nF
Civ ) 9=3
d) y=3Gn(zF+3 ✗

✗
@f
* > =

@t¥
city -

¥*→I✓
 two
when identical
standingwove-i.rs
wave superimpose
while moving
direction
in opposite
.

~→ -~
y -

- Asin (cotton { = Asinlwttku)

,

4+92
Tres =

smlwt-kn-S.in/wt-knJf- A2Sinlwt- kX-w- kn)GsCwt-kn-wI-

=
A [

|%es=2ASinlwt)Gs(kn#- '
A Sinwt
Tres
.
=

when Al = 21765km
 '
A Sinwt
Tres .
=

e
when

☒ It
Al=

is eqn
21765km

of
varies
SHM

as
,
where

a function of
Amplitude
distance
.

A' =
2AGskn Antinode

Node
Ede

Locatonofnode-n.is
At 0

2AGsKu=o

kn __
% Knq=3E Ky -_
5T¥
,
 kn
,=% knq-_ 3T¥ Ky -_
5T¥
2¥n,=% _ne= 3T£ 47-3=5-42
n
,
=
Yy na __
3% ↳
=5Yy
-
-

beth two oonseculire nodes

dis .

is Yu

Atanas
Loeatonofltntinode :→

Gskn=l

Kne= a khz = 27

kn ,=0

2z=
'T
2,9-3=27
2×17-24=0 ↳ =)
4=0 ne=Y✓
-
* distance both two consecutive

Arlt is
He
 Alsmwt
Y=2AS Smwt =

At Gswt
y=zAS Gswt =

At 2ASnkn
↳ modest start E-

¥-0
Ako
A' smart
y =zAmwt =

/ Gswt
=2tGswt= A

At 2 Aloskn

↳ Antinode at start
edit
Ku I 1+1=217
2¥ Cos =

Smtyzt)
9=10 Sinful
both wave that
write an of
is
this standing .

form
 →
y= 105min) Smtyzt)
Smltyt ]
9=5 [25in
Cos ( Tin tyt) GSC-yzt-a.gg
[
-
-

9=5

56s ( astray
agt)
-

56s tan -

+
y =

to
¥
7

Iii) ✗ X
,
Lowe Ot
__

w = TIL have
1<=-11 =
km/s
2-110=-142
2¥ = IT
0 =
Yylth
✗ = 2m

Liii) End locator of Node & antinode

in 10m
HE
[ ]
.

'm

y=oSn Smtyzt
At = 105min
10m
Node Im , 2m 3m , y
- -
- -
-
- -

0 ,
,
Antinode 0.5 1.5
9.5m
- - -
-
-
-
-

, ,
standirgwaveonstrirg-i.rs
Gse:→I_:→stñrgfixedatboth
¥#¥¥AF¥
¥¥ ¥#E
Fundamental mode
Ist harmonie
#g
,

✗ see
u=r
0
,
=
=
F¥
Ed harmonie
Ist overtone
#§
,

✗ =L
2×12=1
a- Fae

R=r
 2nd overtone 54 harmonie
1¥11 ,

3×12=1
a- Fae
×
v. =
r÷→=±T
3 :
Y V2 V3
1 : 2 :
-
- -

:
-

=
: - - - -

nth overtone → @ +D hoof

nth harmonic = n hoof
¥
niyz =L
d=2 u=r

o=¥=nI
 at end
string fixed
one

Cosette : →

and free at other end

Antinode
.FI
4¥
Node

Fundamental or
1st harmonic
1¥ Mode
b- Hy U=T
×
o=F¥
Haruka •

¥-7 3M harmonic

3×4=1
×- u=r
v=3F¥
 I :3 : 5: 7 :
vi. Vz V3
=
- - -
.
-

: : - - - .

loop Eas MTV loots

nth overtone +
= n

nth harmonic = n street hoof

III
Math
frequency
at

Resonance

Ota
§¥#
hire
resonance
Rofe is in

I
✗- - -

a fork .
organpite-caseI-i.rs
closed organ pike

;€¥→
tftntinode
Erode
1st Harmonie
Fundamental or

☒ Made
=

Land
Xµ=l
×

v. =
↳;Y-
3M harmonie
Ptoreetone as

☒€
3×4=1
✗ Uso@
Nz=3¥①
 I :3 :S
vi. vi. if
.

=
- -
-

Cersei :→ oten organ fife ( flute

#Antinode →

Antinode

Fundamental -
lstharnnaie
Mode

1%-1
Usaf

Y=%[①
Staverton or
24
/
-

¥4 harmonic

2×-2=1
✗ =L
 I =

Usaid
=L : 2 :3 :

V2 :B
-
- -
.

N : : -
-
-

⇐e
I¥n
→

40cm 004m
21
=

✗ =
=

U =
340M¢

0
,
=
=
3.49--850--112
He
2×85014 V3 3×80
Nz=
=

4=41
Hy=l
1T¥
→

OX
a-

340=500×41
l7M
 4256--0
→

1_#
¥①
2×12=1
U= -04
X=l=1r5@ =
256×1.5

→ "

:
37 @ Fundamental

⑨ a- 40m¢ a- OX
40=804

#iia±±m
?⃝
sonometer
:→_
Ist et
standing
wcweetnsy

sli¥I*#
% "
c- = mg

l → 4-2 on# 1¥ # ( n hoof ante

,

"
" "
(4-1) loot ant #
12<1 ,
"
→

(4-12)=42
Ft
t=zf
a-

a- ME
↳

0--95 ma potent
 →
Resonance tube
Experiment
+
endowed,

As water level

falls down ,
sound intensity changes .

when intensity is wax we can

say
established having
standing wave is

same frequency
as
tanning fork .

t=q
1¥51:
l¥¥¥ .

lgS=3
 ¥ -
- le ti
-

✗ =
21 le -

1)
°
D=
fork

U =
DX

/U=0fok2(hf
used to determine
This exferiemt is

sound
velocity of .

ooganfikewithendcoorect.net
8=+4
E
1+28=42
Endcorrectmisconsiderf.ci
) when end correction is asked

when di#ube is
given

8=-34-4

20+8--4
I±¥
→
-14
ii
62+8=3×9
-

y
t=84C w=4oo@
@ e- OX
=
40×7=0 =
336m¥

⑤
20+8=84 S=m_
 Kundt's
'¥¥
. teabeeriment

_e
we strike on

rod
gently 9¥
by hammer
is formed
suehltat standing wave

in fundamental Mode .

Roy :
→ 1%-1 u=r
/°rod=¥=¥
¥"

¥÷€
 i __É
Gourd =

Ogas
=
%[gf-
Now, disturbance having same

source
.

Oped =
Ogas

¥9 =
EI

/9oud=¥F
→

←-€Égn Kitson
✗ = ( oocm

Cobbs ✗=@
a- ¥ u .

Ai Kesari
✗ = loan =
Tom
a- 340m¢

01=34,0×-10--34--0

0=01
U=3Ywm@AI-
 mloof nloof
→ q →

%aa-a-a-o-j.IE#HN--qYnT
It "

Same 0=3-147

✗ = Mtt

look length -_

III
TESS
of hoof
11
Area
=ny✗
=
no -

=MrgÑ
 mgtoob →
nloof

%aa-a-a-o-j.IE#std- AI

m¥=•8 nx¥=o6
e-
¥ k=¥

* E- Ess s=Fa=¥÷+ ,

e- F÷ *
r;÷¥÷
4=1

I¥÷=nE¥÷
E- ±¥F¥,=§¥F±
m-n= }
→ *sight
theft
>

w=F%e
① | Ueeff= Wright
theft
> Tight

ffk Jeff
>
Fight
-1¥

tis T + If
60
,

£*e@.y)=Y8✗n -112×02
T -_ f- In )
,

Tegan)

¥→
¥÷→
F; =
e-

-
n=

→
y=n( •
314N
) Gsfsoott
It ¥ £
@ w= 6- IT

211-0=6009
0=30 He

⑤ K= 0314
45in ( Btn)
Amf
•

2¥ =
%
Node at ☒
start
✗ =2oCf

20cm 30cm
Nod_e 0,10cm , , ,

② b- soon

éI;¥
⑨
2m
✗ =zoIn_=
•

e- OX
=3 •
He
j =
300×-2

=
60m¥
 ogh of standing wave is
given as

y =
•
6 Sinful) Costain
n&y inmate 1- in see .

f- Antinode
1st three nodes
d) locator of
antinode
④ Amplitude of
where amplitude is half
iii ) Location

of amplitude of antinode .

→
y =
•
6 Sinful) Costain
A =
•
664T¥)
2cm
1<=-42 hoof length -_Xfz=

2¥ =TYz
✗
,

Antinode
-

y
-
-

0 2
-

=
, ,

Node = 1
,
3, -5 - -
-

Anrfditude of antinode = OGI

 A--
• 66s a)
# Costain)
⇐ =

Ekin
tyg

n=4@w

4=1

Anti-r-de.zmltmt.li?gd,ez-I,L?y?#-rg,u-Ys--
Antinode
saudwaveastresswewowe-i.es
C- Compression
R= Rarefaction

sand
f G o -
n - .

No
→
Patm
° ° '

Palin
.
.

Posmlwtkn
b O O O O v d

Pexeees
=

iii. i. iii. iii.

) DP
Patm
-

#P
Patent
retest Patm
Im →

-1%1 I
¥⇐÷
→dn

Aoea g- =
%÷ =
d%n
 D= -

Peggy

Pex EsIPex e e-Bd I@wF-sdisHaementq_PaNd.e

B- -
-

Pexeess → Excess tressure of t¥de

pitch
→ Ponton of
y

transversely
→

¥¥
posting
disturbance
Longitndrawore
←É→z
Longitudinal
S.am#vei- →
 ASn(wt-k@e
E-

B.de#=-BAl-kfos(wt-ku)Peteees- BkAGs(wt-Kn)&
Peters -_ -

Node ¥
get displacement at

Antinode ,
¥ Pressure ont

¥ →
displacement
displacement Antinode
pole

pressure
N=le
pressure
Antinode
 Antinode
displacement

wwenoae

-9 I
Eq
drow

☒÷
groth

→ Pexeass = -

Bd¥n
e.

!
:
i.

.
. i.
l l

t
I
! +
compression
→
-

-
-

+
- -

l l l
t
I 1

4¥i
→
¥ porefactor
Aralysirgy-ngsath-iy-AS.in/wt-kn)#- Al-k)Gslwt -

)
ku -14

A@)
Gslwt -

KY -
cii,
¥ =

:÷÷= ¥ aware
-

%== - aware %n

I-rt-%aAden-uwa.es/otey-ngsofsh&f
 •
A

Analyse motion of point A

→ slotex velocity of wave

Upasfide = -

④ = -
f) ✗ Line
=
+=

372
iftoansveose → A =

longitudinal → A- =
Right
⑤

t.EE Mohan indot

CIC
ont latest
→
A

Ek
/
31=2 A 34-2