DYNAMICS

& ①
Example 4kg Example
question
m =

question m
2kg
=

ION1 > 20N X 4 712N

calculate this acceleration

>

of a = 0 .

5 m/s
the block :

Calculate His backward Force X

the block :
Fr
on
ma
ANS
-
:
=

4(a)
:

(20 -

10) = ANS
- Fr = ma

=
a
(12 -

x) = 2(0 5) .

205 -
m
= a X = 11N
S2
↳
concept of Momentum :

and
velocity
.
Momentuur is the
product of mass

Momentum = mass x
velocity

w I mV .

symbol for momentum

Kg m
.

UNIT :
kg m .
 momentum
(impulse)
HANGE
in
Calculating
->

A = final momentum - initial momentum

=
=
-

-
=
(mxv) -

(mxvi)
E -
impulse Ap =

m(V
-
V
)
i

called
Change in momentum is also
Impulse
& dividing
both sides

ap =
m(Vf -

Vi) by time

t
recall :

t -

a =
1V; -

= ma
Note:

since momentum = mass × velocity

Velocity is a vector quantity- (recall that

it involves value + direction)

Since direction of the ball is changing

when it rebounds, we have to assign
positive sign to one direction and
negative to the other. To keep it general,
we take the final direction as positive
and the initial direction as negative.
Final direction is upwards (after it
rebounds) and initial direction is
downwards (before it hits the ground).

That is why we have taken the final

direction as positive and
initial direction as negative
while solving this question.
(ii) Calculate the Force exerted
by He ball on the
ground :

=
F

-
5
0 2
.

F =
25N
 ↳ Law of conservation
of Momentum :

"The before
total momentum
of a
system
the momentum of
collision is
equal to total
the
system after collision (it remains conserved)
provided that there is no enternal force acting
the
on
system .

This principle is
applied
the
to

total momentum
colliding bodies
before
where
the
we
equate
collision with total momentum
after collision
to
find unknowns
.
Two blocks of mass 3 Kg and 1Kg are traveling towards each other with speeds of 2 m/s
and 1 m/s respectively. After collision, the 3 Kg mass moves to the right with a velocity of 1
m/s. Calculate the final velocity of the other mass.
 YI

is also called "Contact Force

~
from the of
because it always acts
points
contact between the two surfaces
.

In the above
diagram ,
there are two
points of contact

( 2 wheels in contact with the bottom

surface)--
-
hence there are to reaction forces .

(600 +
600).
If the same cart had 4 wheels -

14 points

of contact) - there would have been

a

reaction forces (300 + 300 + 300 +

300)