and movable

1rnic;nin.~c;

of the floor
construction itself. Floor must transfer their loads

t7e considered in the

the floor. The conditions of the floor structure and
c;11m1nrt.1nr1 foundation and wall affect
of a and

The of the floor construction and the within it

should be considered if it accommodate runs of
mechanical or electrical lines within the floor For floor
between habitable
additional
 or

limited

• Wood or
 Reinforced concrete beams are

11
1 clear minimum or not less than x
nominal bar 0 or
minimum cover
Beam in 211
steel reinforcement from fire and corrosion ,,,,-,_.___~,.
, Rule of thumb for "'"1"""""1"'"" concrete
bevel or chamfer
beam:

in 211 or 3"

Beam width should be to

width of column.
vary
reinforcement rather than beam

as tension
reinforcement in the section of aconcrete beam
to the

moment.
bars bent up or down
1v11v11vw01111w

of moment reversal in beam.

in the
 resistance to lateral forces
slabs constructed

rule of thumb for slab

structural unit over three or more

lower moments than

rule of thumb for total

increments.
removal.

with nnc;·r.rpt1c;1nninll
• For maximum rt ''"'f
0 11 1 0
• "

Waffle slabs can be cantilevered in two directions up to

When no cantilever is a slab band
 reinforced by or
tendons within their elastic
in the
tendons are transferred to the concrete,
section of the flexural member in rnVl'lf'lrP'c;c;111n

• Steel tendons are first stretched across the

two abutments until
or
com1ent1ona11v reinforced member of the same size, "'"'"v"'...r'""'

is then in form work around the stretched tendons and

fully cured. The tendons in order to reduce the
maximum by alone.

concrete member by the

concrete is

• The deflection of the member under tends its

curvature.

• Dead load • Combined dead load and

• Dead load and , Final combined

lost due to the combined

of the concrete, relaxation of
MosterFormot 03 38 00 Concrete
and at the c:1nr:hnr;111pc;
MosterFormat 03 40 00 Precast Concrete
in
 HOR NG

• For economy, standard forms

concrete can exert on it.
should be in
manner whenever

for

concrete slab or beam has cured

own form work removed and the
slab or beam reshored until the concrete it full

5.o7~5.08 for the formwork

for concrete columns and walls.

• Lift~slab construction

Accessories
 41 , 61 , 81 (100,

, 121to 24 1

611,811, 1011, 1211

20 1 to48 1 to

12 1 to

• 11-011

to of
total

· 361to601(10to18m) range
 Structural steel and columns used to
construct a skeleton frame for structures from
to Cl!\IC:rl"".ll'\DP'C

this can result in construction of a

structural frame. Structural steel may be left in
noncombustible construction. but because
fire"rated assemblies or

connections.
n11nr1P::irrnfl or curtain wall 7.24.

w/

• Connections
transitional such steel
or The actual the concentrated load by a column
connections may be riveted but are or beam that the resultant unit
more often bolted or welded. does not exceed the allowable unit
c;r lnYli1rrlnfl materia I.
 or sections.
Rules of thumb for nr+;,w.,,+;V>A

is to the steel section

' W and shear forces within allowable
exc1;ss1ve deflection for

In addition to material also consider the labor costs

for erection.
connection made by Two welded or connection made by
the bolted to column and web
of beam

or
l1elow the horizontal
of the
f'l1WIVl11VIPn1

welded to
column bolted to web

End welded to beam all

around and bolted to column

Frame~connections
limited
 vary

8K1 to 16 1
m)
10K1 m)
7m)
m)
to 10 m)
11m)
m)
m)

LH
 ' Floor deck

may be c;11m1nrt..l'ri
of masonry or reinforced concrete, or by
which are heavier versions

, Floor deck
, Floor deck may consist
• Metal w/concrete fill
 of metal

nPrt11:'.lnPnt.tnrrl1\M11rlt for a reinforced

Itself and live load.

tensile reinforcement for the

bonded with rib

for electrical and communications

available for floor outlets. The
when the vwv>i'nv>0fn/l

• Rule of thumb for overall

, Consult the manufacturer for
gauges, and allowable
 1 1
12 to18

Wto
, Reinforced

are laid out in and assembled in

inserted with an electric or nnP11m::i1r.1r

welded com1eciwns

ranges of
Metal wall
Continuous runner
Anchor
 or
for construction. If
floor structure can serve
'1icin nl"ci11m to transfer lateral loads to shear
1

discussion of wood construction

CSI MosterFormat 06 11
 10'

, 2x10 10 to 14
1 1

to 18 1
 anchors or holddowns may be
the wall and to the
foundation

o.c.

10d

direct contact between

minimum for wood beams

"''""""'!.,,,,fl on concrete or masonry
Thicken wall to form if additional
For rated 32/16
36/16
Structural I other
48/24 board

Over subfloor
Over board subfloor

and thicker.

secured with or
screw~shank nails.Consult the APA for detailed recommendations.
 consult
building

Wood

Stud wall

minimum

chord.

Continuous nailer for lateral

of bottom chords the
Wood stud or masonry wall

Continuous

Wood stud or Wood beam or

masonry wall stud wall

@
 of metal attachments are manufactured for
HIAA/1-T fl<-IAJA,C\/I and wnnrJ-T,()~m::i:c;nnr\f
1A/,r\A/1-TA-¥HD1 'JI

• Provides resistance to
horizontal

resisted or
1.r::ir1c;tprrP11 the connectors may be nailed or bolted.

beam
Sill
11
3 minimum
Foundation wall

• Positive

of minimum
of
of the on either side
column
 may be left

beam and not exceeded.

material and labor

"'
0
"''1rl/1 'J""' 1 beams may over or frame
beams to reduce of

in

sound transmission, and

forthermal insulation,
and ductwork.

limit to 1/4 of
and concentrated loads
additional
to

MasterFormat 06 l
CSI 06 1
 NG

• Limit deflection to
Consult 111a11111ac,1/u1
allowable
, Solid • Solid • Laminated
2x8 nominal nominal

' Channel groove , Plain or molded

, Most efficient structural of

end have the most material
deflection

at

rows by 12"
• 2x 61

• 3x to

, 4x 101 141

, 6x 1 1 to
can 12 to 20 free

MosterFormat 06 l 00