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Culture Documents
Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
MATH 8
PREPAREDNESS:
Using Inequalities to
Survive in Disasters
Learning Competencies:
• Illustrate linear inequalities in two variables
(M8AL-IIa-1-2)
• Solve problems involving linear inequalities
in two variables (M8AL-IIa-4)
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions
below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated
in every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons.
Writing enhances learning, that is important to develop
and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the
answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have
learned.
6. Enjoy studying!
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and
skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Check your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
LESSON
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Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
EXPECTATIONS
1111111
You will illustrate and solve linear inequalities in two variables.
PRETEST
Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is a linear inequality in two variables?
A. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 3 B. 𝑦 < 𝑥 − 3 C. 𝑦 ≥ 𝑥 2 + 5 D. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 > 1
2. Which of the following is not a linear inequality in two variables?
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A. 𝑥 ≤ 𝑦 B. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 1 C. 𝑦 < 𝑥 − 4 D. 2𝑥 − 3 > 𝑦 2
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
11. Which best describes the number of nurses compared to police officers?
A. 𝑝 < 2𝑛 B. 𝑝 > 2𝑛 C. 𝑝 ≤ 2𝑛 D. 𝑝 ≥ 2𝑛
12. Which best describes the number of nurses compared to doctors?
A. 𝑑 ≤ 3𝑛 B. 𝑑 ≥ 3𝑛 C. 3𝑑 ≤ 𝑛 D. 3𝑑 ≥ 𝑛
13. If there are 70 police officers in the event, how many nurses are there?
A. 𝑛 ≤ 35 B. 𝑛 ≤ 150 C. 𝑛 ≥ 35 D. 𝑛 ≥ 150
14. If there are 30 doctors in the event, how many nurses are there?
A. 𝑛 > 10 B. 𝑛 ≥ 10 C. 𝑛 > 90 D. 𝑛 ≥ 90
15. Which of the following sets satisfy the inequalities given in the problem?
A. 10 officers and 10 nurses C. 15 officers and 10 nurses
B. 30 officers and 15 nurses D. 30 officers and 15 nurses
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Determine whether the following inequalities are true or false. Cross out all
boxes with incorrect or false inequalities.
A linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions given by all
points or ordered pairs (𝑥, 𝑦) that satisfy the equation.
1. (0, 0); 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 5
2. (−1,3); 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = −5
3. (−2, −2); 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 2
4. (2,7); 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 1
5. (1, −1); 𝑦 = 1−𝑥
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Going back to the problem, observe the mathematical sentences given. The
first is 20𝑥 + 25𝑦 = 200 is an example of a linear equation in two variables, since it
uses the equal sign, =. The next ones, 20𝑥 + 25𝑦 ≤ 200 and 20𝑥 + 25𝑦 > 200, are called
linear inequalities in two variables.
Linear inequalities are mathematical sentences that use one of the following
symbols:
> greater than
< less than
≥ greater than or equal to / at least
≤ less than or equal to / at most
Solution:
a. 𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 3
b. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 > −1
c. 𝑡 < 𝑠, where 𝑡 is the number of teachers and 𝑠 is the number of
students
d. 𝑑 ≥ 3𝑐, where 𝑑 is the number of dogs and 𝑐 is the number of cats
Solution:
a. We substitute the 𝑥 and 𝑦 values in the inequality, 𝑥 > 𝑦.
𝑥>𝑦 𝑥>𝑦
0 > 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 −1 > 1 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
It is false since 0 = 0.
Therefore, the points (0, 0) and (−1,1) are not solutions of 𝑥 > 𝑦.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
The solution to an inequality is the set of all points that satisfies the inequality.
So, it also follows when finding the range of values of 𝑥 or 𝑦 in an inequality. We solve
for those values by substituting known ones in the inequality and evaluating it
similar to a linear equation in two variables.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Take note that the inequality symbols should match the ones in the
given range, and the order must be correct. It is wrong to say−5 > 𝑦 ≥ −1,
since −5 is not greater than −1.
ACTIVITIES
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
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3. 𝑦 < 𝑥 − 9; (0,0) (−1, −1) (−2, −2)
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REMEMBER
1. For all real numbers a, b, and c, in which a and b cannot be equal to zero at
the same time, 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 > 𝑐 is a __________.
2. The inequality symbol ≥ can be read as __________.
3. The inequality symbol ≤ can be read as __________.
For numbers 4 to 8. True or False.
4. The point (1,4) satisfies 𝑦 > 3𝑥 + 1.
5. The point (2, −3) satisfies 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 12
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
6. The origin satisfies the inequality 2𝑥 + 5𝑦 < 0.
7. If 𝑦 = −2 in the inequality 2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≥ 12 then 𝑥 ≥ 5.
8. If 𝑥 = 7 in the inequality 𝑦 < 4 − 𝑥, then 𝑦 > −3.
9. Which quadrants are included in the solution of the inequality 𝑥 > 0?
10. Which quadrants are included in the solution of the inequality 𝑦 < 0?
POSTTEST
Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
For numbers 12 to 15 – A clinic is writing a budget plan for the yearly inventory
so they can buy additional supplies. They estimate that the cost of a set of face
mask is ₱ 80 per box, and ₱ 120 per half gallon bottle of alcohol. They also plan
to spend no more than ₱ 2400. (Let 𝑥 = boxes of face masks, 𝑦 = bottles of alcohol)
Suppose you have ₱120 and will use it to buy medical supplies
for your emergency kit. 80 mL bottle of 70% isopropyl alcohol costs ₱30
and a tablet of paracetamol costs ₱4 each.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
E-SITES
You may also check on the following video lessons for your reference and
further learning’s on linear inequalities in two variables.
REFERENCES
Miller, J., O’Neill, M., Hyde, J. (2018). Intermediate Algebra (5th Editiion).
McGraw-Hill
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Let’s Analyse
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