Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
MATH 8
CENSUS CHECK:
Counting People That
Matters
Learning Competencies:
• Graph linear inequalities in two variables
(M8AL-IIa-3)
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions
below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated
in every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons.
Writing enhances learning, that is important to develop
and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the
answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have
learned.
6. Enjoy studying!
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
LESSON
2
Graphing Linear Inequalities in Two Variables
EXPECTATIONS
1111111
You will illustrate and graph linear inequalities in two variables.
Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
A. above B. below C. to the right D. to the left
For numbers 8 to 10. Refer to the graph of the inequality on the right.
8. Which of the following inequalities does
the graph represent
A. 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 < 12 C. 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 < 12
B. 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 > 12 D. 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 > 12
9. Which of the following is not a solution
to the inequality on the right?
A. (0,0) C. (2, −2)
B. (1,1) D. (−3, −3)
10. Which quadrant is totally included in the inequality?
A. Quadrant I B. Quadrant II C. Quadrant III D. Quadrant IV
For numbers 11 to 15 – The total number of male (𝑥) and female nurses
employed in a rural area clinic is at least 20.
11. Which inequality best describes the total number of nurses?
A. 𝑥 + 𝑦 > 20 B. 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 20 C. 𝑥 + 𝑦 < 20 D. 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 20
12. The graph of the given inequality is __________ of the line 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 15?
A. above B. below C. center D. direct
13. Which of the following is the graph of the inequality?
A. B. C. D.
14. If there are 12 female nurses in the clinic, how many male nurses are there?
A. equal to 8 B. less than 8 C. at least 8 D. at most 8
15. Based on the problem, which of the following satisfy the inequality?
A. 5 male; 10 female B. 10 male ; 7 female C. 12 male; 6 female D. 17 male; 4 female.
Great, you finished answering the questions. You may
request your facilitator to check your work.
Congratulations and keep on learning!
Before going further, let us try to recall how to graph a linear equation two
variables. The equation of the line can be written in multiple ways but we only need
two key concepts in graphing them. The slope is the steepness of the line that can
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑦
easily be defined as 𝑚 = , or the ratio of the vertical and horizontal
𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑥
distances of two points. Also, since a line can be drawn using a minimum of two
points, these points can be represented by the 𝑥 and 𝑦-intercepts, (𝑥, 0) and (𝑦, 0).
Determine the slope, 𝑥 and 𝑦-intercepts of the following linear equations.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
slope 𝑥-intercept 𝑦-intercept
1. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8
2. 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −6
3. −3𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 18
4. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2
5. 𝑦 = 5 − 4𝑥
BRIEF
Read INTRODUCTION
the selection below
COUNTING PEOPLE
An application of mathematics is
performing a census or counting the
population that records data of individuals.
The census is essential in many government
policies and practices such as disaster control,
health services, election, and social welfare
activities. In hospitals, the number and cases
of their patients can be monitored and
managed by classifying the data they gathered.
Suppose that a census agency estimates the worker population in a
hospital using a linear inequality, 8𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 40, where 𝑥 is the number of
doctors and 𝑦 is the number of nurses. The agency wants to use this design to
determine the best number of doctors and nurses to be assigned in every
hospital. To see all possible combinations, we may graph the given inequality.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Let us consider the linear inequality given earlier, 8𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 40, and our
knowledge in graphing linear equations. We can also find the slope and intercepts
of the line that bounds the solution to inequality. Write the inequality like an
equation in slope-intercept form, 𝑦 ≥ −8𝑥 + 40 to get its slope 𝑚 = −8. Then we
can solve for the values of the 𝒙 and 𝒚-intercepts, which are 𝑥 = 5 and 𝑦 = 40.
These are the basic elements of graphing that we need to understand and put into
practice.
Similar to a linear equation, a linear inequality has infinitely many solutions
and can be represented using a graph on a Cartesian plane. These are the steps in
graphing linear inequalities.
Hence, (1,0) is not a solution. Also, the line is broken since the
inequality use is <
b. 𝑦 ≥ −2𝑥 − 8
line: 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 8 𝑚 = −2 𝑦-intercept: 𝑦 = −8
0 ≥ −2(0) − 8
0 ≥ −8 𝑖𝑠 𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒
Hence, (0,0) is a solution, and the line is solid.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
d. 2𝑥 − 5𝑦 > 10
2𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 10
𝑥 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡: 2𝑥 = 10
𝑥=5
𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡: −5𝑦 = 10
𝑦 = −2
2𝑥 − 5𝑦 > 10
2(0) − 5(0) > 10
0 > 10 𝑖𝑠 𝐹𝐴𝐿𝑆𝐸
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Alternatively, we can identify the region on which the solution of the
inequality is by writing the inequality similar to a slope-intercept form and taking
note of the inequality symbol used.
Solution
a. Since 𝑦 < 2𝑥 − 3 is already in “slope-
intercept form”, we can say that the
graph of the inequality is below the
line 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3, because the symbol
used is <.
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: Plot and label the following points on the given graph, and
determine if they are solutions to the linear inequality in two variables.
1. 𝑦 < −3
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
2. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 6
f. (0,0) i. (7, 0)
g. (1,1) j. (0,2)
h. (−6, 3)
1
3. 𝑦 < 𝑥 − 4 4. 𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≥ 5
2
5. 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 ≤ −6 6. 3𝑦 − 9 > 𝑥
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
REMEMBER
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
POSTTEST
Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer.
For numbers 8 to 10. Refer to the graph of the inequality on the right.
8. Which of the following inequalities does
the graph represent?
A. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 < 8 C. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 < 8
B. 𝑥 + 4𝑦 > 8 D. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 > 8
9. Which of the following is a solution
to the inequality on the right?
A. (1,1) C. (3, −3)
B. (−2,2) D. (−4,4)
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
10. Which quadrant is totally included in the inequality?
A. Quadrant I B. Quadrant II C. Quadrant III D. Quadrant IV
For numbers 11 to 15 –
Twice a number is less than three times another less 6.
11. Which inequality best describes the given statement?
A. 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 < 6 B. 2𝑥 − 6 < 3𝑦 C. 2𝑥 < 3𝑦 − 6 D. 2𝑥 < 6 − 3𝑦
12. The graph of the given inequality is above which line?
2 2 3 3
A. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2 B. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3 C. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2 D. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 3
3 3 2 2
13. Which of the following is the graph of the inequality?
A. B. C. D.
14. If the second number is 4, what are the possible values of the first number?
A. at least 3 B. less than 3 C. at most 3 D. greater than 3
15. If the first number is −3, what are the possible values of the second
number?
A. at least 0 B. at most 0 C. less than 0 D. greater than 0
Consider the given situation and answer the following questions below.
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
E-SITES
You may also check on the following video lessons for your reference and
further learnings on linear inequalities in two variables.
REFERENCES
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
• Miller, J., O’Neill, M., Hyde, J. (2018). Intermediate Algebra (5th Editiion).
McGraw-Hill
• Oronce, O., Mendoza, M. (2018). E-Math 8 Worktext in Mathematics. REX
Printing Company Inc.
• Bittinger, M., Ellenbogen, D., Johnson, B. (2017). Elementary and
Intermediate Algebra: Concepts and Applications. Pearson
Acknowledgements
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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
PROBLEM-BASED WORKSHEET
Recycling is one of the best practices to keep the world clean. We can save
a lot of money in reusing containers and avoiding materials that take time to
decompose. But some studies say that recycling paper and plastic, though very
beneficial, face problems in terms of cost. Factories claim that the process
doubles the amount of energy consumed and pollution produced in recycling,
more than disposing of trash. However environmentalists suggest that
continuous practice of recycling may be costly at the start, the benefits will
eventually outweigh the issue on the money. Scientists also research on more
efficient methods to reduce pollution and power consumption. As long as the
community supports the initiative for a healthier environment, the cost of
recycling is little compared to what we will gain.
Let’s Analyze
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