Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

Conceptual Questions
1. Body is stationary means that net force acting on the body is If the cage is closed and the bird starts flying, weight of the
zero. bird is transmitted to the cage and hence there will be no change
2. Translatory equilibrium means net acceleration (net force) on in reading of spring balance. Thus W1 = W2.
the body is zero. If suppose the cage is open (as it is given is the question that it
3. Force causes change in velocity. is a wire cage) and bird starts flying, weight of the bird is
transmitted to the ground and thus there will be a decrease in
4. Ans. (2). reading of spring balance. Thus W1 > W2.
5. Ans. (1).
11. In options 1, 3 and 4 forces are balanced in the vertical
6. Mass. direction and thus net force is zero.
7. Body will continue accelerating till the time force is acting on 12. For climbing up, T = M (g + a)
the body.
For climbing down, T = M (g – a)
8. Ans. (2).
Thus, tension will be minimum (i.e. rope will be least likely to
9. In an open boat, when air is blown from the fan it will pass
break) when climber climbs down fast.
from one side to the other side. Thus this air will have no
effect on the sail of boat. 13. Ans. (1).
10. When the bird starts flying, weight of the bird is balanced by 14. Ans. (3).
the upthrust of air.

Basic Level Questions

dp d r r dm 6.
1. F= = ( mv ) = v 2Tsinq
dt dt dt
= 2 ´ 0.5 = 1N
dm T T
2. F =v = 60000 ´ 1 = 60000 N
dt q q
Tcosq Tcosq
dp d
3. F = = ( mv )
dt dt 15

mdv vdm
F= +
dt dt 15g
mdv vdm mdv vdm
Þ 0= + Þ =- Tcosq Tcosq
dt dt dt dt
Þ
dv - v dm -v av 2
15
Þ =a= = ( av ) = -
dt m dt m m
15g
dm
v
F 5 ´1
4. a = = dt = = 2.5 m / s 2 Þ 2T sin q = 15 g
m m 2
when rope become horizontal
5. q=0
3N 2 kg 1 kg
Þ sin q = 0

3N TT 15 g
2 1 So, 2T = =¥
0
7. a
3 - T = 2a T = 1a m
M F
3-T 3-T
Þ a= Þ T= Þ T=1N.
2 2 FBD

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
a
a 200 - Kx
Þ Acceleration of 20 kg block =
M T T m F 20

T = Ma 200 - 120
= = 4 m/s 2
F – T = Ma 20
Þ F – Ma = ma
11.
F
Þ a=
M +m

FM T T
So T = T a
M +m
8. T m2
M, L
F a m
F a= 1 m 2g
M
y
a m 1g
a
T T F Thrust on pulley = 2T
FBD
L–y y Now T - m2 g = m2 a ...(i)
M M Also m1 g - T = m1a ...(ii)
T= ( L - y) a F -T = ( y) a
L L
(i ) T - m2 g m2
= =
M F F ( L - y) (ii ) m1 g - T m1
ÞT= (L - y) =
L M L
Þ Tm1 - m1m2 g = m1m2 g - m2T
9.
M,L y Þ T ( m1 + m2 ) = 2m1m2 g

2m1m2 g
Þ T=
m1 + m2

æ 2m m g ö
y So, thrust on pulley = 2T = 2 ç 1 2 ÷
è m1 + m2 ø
4m1m2 g
T =
m1 + m2
T 12. Balance will read tension in string.
So T = 1g =10N
L–y
13. 5 g - T ¢ = 5a ...(i)

T ¢ - 3g - T = 3a ...(ii)
M
(L - y) g T¢ T¢
L T -g =a ...(iii) a
3 5
M
T= ( L - y) g From (i) T ¢ = 5 g - 5a 3g T
5g
L
T
Put this value of T ¢ in (ii)
10. a=12 a 1
10 20 200N Þ 5 g - 5a - 3g - T = 3a
Kx Kx g
Þ 2 g - T = 8a ...(iv)
Force on 10 kg mass = ma
(iii) × 8 – (iv)
= 10 × 12 = 120 N
\ Kx = 120 N Þ (8T - 8 g ) - (2 g - T ) = 8a - 8a
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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

Þ 9T - 10 g = 0 2 2
= 62 + ( -8 ) + (10 )
10
Þ T= g T3
9 = 10 2kg
1 kg
14. T1 = 3g g F 5 ´ 10 4 5
T2 = 2g + T1 T2 23. a= = = ´ 10 -3 m/s2
m 5 ´ 10 7 3
= 2g + 3g 2 kg
= 5g 2g Apply v 2 - u 2 = 29s
T1
M
15. F= 3 kg æ5 ö
a v 2 = 2 ´ ç ´ 10-3 ÷ ´ 3 = 10-2
è 3 ø
3g
Þ F = 10 = 10 N \ v = 10-1 m/s
1
24.
16. F - T1 = 2(1)

Þ 10 - T1 = 2 T¢ T¢
a 2 2
Þ T1 = 8 N a
2g T 2g
17. T1 - T2 = 3a 2
Þ 8 - T2 = 3 Þ T2 = 5 N
2g
dp dv T ¢ - 2 g = 2a ....(i)
18. F= =m
dt dt
(2 g + T ) - T ¢ = 2a ...(ii)
dv = v2 - v1 = 0 - 25 = -25
& 2 g - T = 2a ...(iii)
dt = 0.1 sec
Put value of T ¢ from (i) in (ii)
\ 10 -1 ( -25)
F= = -25 N Þ (2 g + T ) - (2a + 2 g ) = 2a
0.1

Force 3g - g Þ T = 4a
19. Acceleration of system = =
Net mass 1 + 6 + 3 T
Þ a=
4
20
= = 2ms-2
10 T
Put a = in (iii)
4
20. dv
F =m
dt T
Þ 2 g - T = 2 æç ö÷
1(30 - 0) è4ø
Þ 6=
dt
3T
Þ = 2g
Þ dt = 5 sec 2

F 10 40
21. m= = = 10kg Þ T= = 13.3 N
a 1 3

® F 3 g - 2 g 10 g
22. F = 6iˆ - 8 ˆj + 10kˆ 25. a= = = =
m 2+3 5 5
a = 1 m/s2
F 2 m1m2 g 2 ´ 2 ´ 3 g 12 g
m= = 6iˆ - 8 ˆj + 10kˆ T=
m1 + m2
=
2+3
=
5
a

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
34. (3)
26. dv
F =M
dt 35. V 2 - u 2 = 2as

æ 1000 ö V = 0 & a = -ve

Þ 105 = M ç ÷
è 10 ø Þ u 2 = 2as
3
Þ M = 10 kg æFö
2
27. Mass of rope = 0.5 × 6 = 3kg Þ u = 2ç ÷ S
èmø
50kg 106N 1
So S µ (if u is constant)
F
F 106
a= = = 2 m / s2
M 50 + 3 S 2 F1 F
2
\ S = F = F /4 = 4
So for 50kg block, a = 2 m/s 1 2

M = 50 kg Þ S2 = 4S1
F = Ma = 50 × 2 = 100 N
æ -2 ö
dv
28. F=
dp 36. F =m
dt
(
= 8 ´ 10-3 ) çç 7 ´5.6
10
÷÷
dt è ø
= 10–4 N
dp 125 1 37. Action is equal and opposite to reaction according to
Þ dt = = = = 0.5sec
F 250 2 Newton’s 3rd law of motion.

29. F P dm
38. Additional force required, F = v
dt
S2 S
æ 5 ö
E = ç 72 ´ ÷ ´ 10 = 200 N
O S1 è 18 ø

OE = S1 = v ´ t = 3 ´ 4 = 12m 39.
a=6 T
O
1 1æ4ö
OF = S 2 = at 2 = ç ÷ 4 2 = 16m a
2 2è2ø
Force exerted = M ( g + a )
\ OP = S = S12 + S 22 = 20m Mg
= 70 ( 98 + 6 ) N
30. v = u + at T
40. T = M ( g - a)
0 = 4 + a ( 2) a
= 70 ( 9.8 - 6 ) N
Þ a = –2
Mg
So if we have to keep this body moving with uniform velocity 41. Mg - T = Ma
of 4 m/s acceleration to be provided at = +2.
Þ T = Mg - Ma Þ Tmax = Mg - Mamin
So that net acceleration = 0
So force required = ma = 2 × 2 = 4 N 2 T
Þ Mg = Mg - Ma
31. Factual. 5
32. (1) as a = 0
a
33. As vessel moves forward, pseudo force acts backward and Þ Mamin = 3 Mg
so it gets a shape as shown in (B). 5

Mg
a = 0.6g
a q
g 42. F = 4m1 Þ 4m1 = 6m2
F = 6m2 Þ m1 = 1.5 m2
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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

F 48.
Required acceleration = v=0
m1 + m2
u
6m2 6
= = = 2.4 ms-2
1.5m2 + m2 2.5
g sin 30° 30°
43. Impulse = dp
= mD v v 2 - u 2 = 2as

= m ( v2 - v1 ) v=0

= 40 ( v2 - v1 ) v=0

44. N N¢
u
a

Mg Mg
g sin 60° 60°
N = mg N ¢ - Mg = Ma
Þ -u 2 = 2 ( - g sin q ) S
Þ Mg = 400 Þ N ¢ = Mg + Ma
Þ u 2 = 2 g sin qS
400
Þ 600 = 400 + a
g u ® same
400
Þ a = 200 Þ S1 ( g sin q1 ) = S2 ( g sin q2 )
g
g æ sin q1 ö
Þ a= = 4.9ms -2 Þ S2 = ç sin 30
2 ÷ S1 = ´ 17.3
è sin q2 ø sin 60
45. Mass of rope = 8 × 0.5 = 4kg
1
a a = (17.3) = 10m
4kg 12N Þ 2kg 3
TT 2kg 12N
49.
m m m F
F 12 T2 T1
a= = = 3ms -2
M 4
F
a= F - T1 = ma ...(i)
\ T = 2a = 2 ´ 3 = 6 N 3m
46. Mass of rope = 10 × 0.5 = 5kg
T1 - T2 = ma ...(ii)
5kg T T 25
25N Þ
2m 8m T2 = ma ...(iii)

F 25
a= = = 5 ms -2 Put a =
f
in (i) & (iii)
M 5 3m
Mass of 2m long rope = 2 × 0.5 = 1 kg
2F
\ T = Ma = 1 × 5 = 5N Þ F - T1 = F Þ T1 =
3 3
47.
10 15
T T F
a=3 a Also T2 =
3
T = 10 × 3 = 30 N
Also T = 15a T1 2
\ =
So a = 2 ms–2 T2 1

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

dpgas d 56. a = 1ms -2

50. & 51. Fth =
dt
=
dt
(mgas ´ vgas ) there g = 0

dm 57. dp 25
=u F= = = 500 N
dt dt 0.05
= 600 ´ 1 = 600N
58. –2
2ms
600
aini = = 5 m / s2 N
120 0.5g
52. T = Mg - Ma N

Tmax = Mg - Mamin
mg
3
Mg = Mg - Ma 0.5 g - N = 0.5(2)
4

Þ N = 0.5 g - 0.5(2)
Þ Ma = 1 Mg
4 = 4N
g
Þ a= 59. T Tcos q
4 q q
F
F dp / dt Tsinq
53. a= =
M M mg

dV æ 10 ö 500 At equilibrium
m ç ´ 10 ÷
dt = è 1000 ø 1
= T sin q = F
M 2000
T cos q = mg
5 2.5
= = m/s2
200 100 F
So, T =
= 2.5 cm/s 2 sin q
54. 60. N
M m P

M T T m P g
a
a

P
a= T = Ma
M +m Mg
Mg - N = Mg
MP
=
M +m ÞN=0
55.
3N mdv Vf = 0
2 kg 1 kg 61. F=
dt

a=
3
= 1m/s 2 =
(
120 V f - Vi ) Vi = 108 ´
5
= 30 m/s
3 t 18

3N 2 kg N N 1 kg 120 ( 0 - 30 )
=
10

T = 1 × 1 = 1N = 360 N (in opposite direction)

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
68.
62. dp
F=
dt
4m
Þ ò dp = ò Fdt
N
So change in momentum = area under F–t curve
Dp = 0
mg
N = 4 mg
æ m - m2 ö æ 5 -1 ö 2
63. Acceleration of system, a = ç 1 ÷g =ç ÷g = g
è m1 + m2 ø è 5 + 1 ø 3
a=
F
69.
m1 + m2 + mg
2 m1m2 g 2 ´ 5 ´ 1´ g 5
Tension in string = T = = = g
( m1 + m2 ) 5 +1 3 F
Þ 2=
4 + 8 + 24
For equilibrium of the pulley there is an upward force of 2T
acting on the string joining the pulley to the spring and it is Þ F = 72 N
10 32 F 32 ´ F 8 F
equal kg weight. Therefore, the reading of the spring 70. T1 = = =
3 24 + 8 + 4 36 9
balance will be less than 6 kg.
64. W = mg 24 F 6 F
T2 = =
36 9
N \ T1 > T2

3g 14
71. T1 + T2 = F>F
9

mg F
72. Acceleration will be same for all, a = m + m + m
1 2 3
N - Mg = M ( 3g )
73. m1 T1 T1 m2 T2 T2 m3
F
Þ N = 4 Mg = 4W
65. W = Mg F
a=
m1 + m2 + m3
W ¢ = Mg + Ma
T1 + F = m1 a
W Þ T1 = m1a - F
=W + a
g
m1 F
= -F
æ aö m1 + m2 + m3
= W ç1 + ÷
è gø
æ m2 + m3 ö
= -ç ÷F
120 è m1 + m2 + m3 ø
66. asystem = = 10
12
16 ´ 140
T = 4a = 40 N 74. F on 16 kg = = 80 N
16 + 8 + 4
67. T
120N 4 8
T
120 a =0
asystem = = 10 75. T = mg
12

T = 8a = 80 N mg

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

76. M ( g + a ) = Tmax 86.

T q
Þ 30 (10 + a ) = 360 Fc
Þ a = 2 ms
–2 q
77. T = 6g (Q a = 0 ) Fc
mg
T - ( T1 + 4 g ) = 0
mv 2
Fc =
Þ 6 g - T1 - 4 g = 0 r

Þ T1 = 2 g = 19.6 N Fc mv 2
tan q = =
78. As a = 0 mg r mg
So, T = T0 = Mg
v2
79. T = M ( g + a ) > T0 =
rg

80. T = M ( g - a ) < T0
æ v2 ö
Þ q = tan -1 ç ÷
81. T = M (g - g) = 0 ç rg ÷
è ø

82. ®a
¾¾ 2
2 æ mv 2 ö
q 87. T= ( mg ) +ç
ç r
÷
÷
T è ø
ma
2
æ v2 ö
= m g2 + ç ÷
ç r ÷
mg è ø

F 60
a= = = 5ms -2
T= ( ma )2 + ( mg )2 88.
M net 4 + 2 + 6

T0 = mg So, T > T0 ( 4 + 2 ) ´ 60
89. TA = = 30 N
2 2
12
83. T =m a +g
( 4 + 1) ´ 60
84. TB = = 25 N
12
T q 4 ´ 60
TC = = 20 N
ma 12
q 6g
90. a= = 6 ms -2
ma 10
mg
91. 6g – T = 6a
Þ 60 - T = 36 Þ T = 24N
ma
tan q =
mg 92. T2 = 8 ( g + a )

æaö T1 - 12 g - T2 = 12a
Þ q = tan -1 ç ÷
ègø T1 = 12 ( g + a ) + T2
and it is opposite to the direction of motion due to action of
pseudo force ma. = 12 ( g + a ) + 8 ( g + a ) = 20 ( g + a ) = 20 (9.8 + 2.2)
85. Centrifugal force. = 240 N
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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

93. T2 = 8 ( 9.8 + 2.2 ) 102. a = 0.7ms

-2

= 8 × 12 = 96 N 103. If m1 = m2
94. a = g sin q Þ a=0

1 Dm
= 9.8 ´ = 4.9ms -2 104. M t = M 0 - t
2 Dt

95. v 2 - u 2 = 2 ( g sin q ) l dp gas

105. Fth = dm
=V
dt dt
2 1
Þ v - 0 = 2 ´ 9.8 ´ ´ 8
2 = 60,000 × 1

Þ v 2 = 78.4 = 60,000 N

Þ v = 78.4 m/s Fth Fth

106. a = =
M M 0 - rt
4 g - 8 g sin 30 T
96. a= So, as time - Þ M¯
4+8 T
4 So even if Fth remains same, a goes on - ing
40 - 40 q
= =0 s in 4g 107. Component of weight Mg along horizontal = Mg sin q
12 8g q
97. T = 4g (when a = 0) 8g So as q go on ¯ ing with horizontal
= 40 N
sin q go on ¯ ing.
98. When both mass are equal
as mg > mg sin 30 So component go on ¯ ing.
So, m1 will move upwards
108. T = M ( g - a )
8 g - 8 g sin 30° 4 g g
99. a= = = when a = 0 T=0
8+8 16 4
109. Due to inertia
10 g sin 30 - 4 g g
100. a = =
110. Fmin = 2 ( 8) = 16 N
10 + 4 14

101. 111. (3)

T
a a
112. R
30
40
0°

F F
30
in 3

gs
in
gs

30
40

120° 120°
40 g sin 30° - 30 g sin 30°
a=
40 + 30
F
5g g
= = = 0.7ms -2
70 14 Resultant of any two forces
T - 30 g sin 30° = 30a q
R = 2 F cos
30 g 2
T - 15 g =
14 = 2 F cos 60° = F
Þ So net force = 0
Þ T = 120 g = 168 N
7 \ a=0

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
113. N 119. T

a=–2g a

Mg
Mg
T = M ( g + a)
Mg - N = Ma

Þ Mg - N = -2Mg 56000 = 4000 ( g + a )

Þ N = 3Mg = 3W Þ g + a = 14
–2
Þ a = 4 ms
114. F =
(
dp m V f - Vi
=
)
1 2
dt t S= at
2
5 ( -2 - 10 )
= = -15 N 1
4 = ( 4 )( 2 )2 = 8m
2
F 15
a= = = 3ms -2 120. F =
dp
m 5 dt
2
115. p = a + bt Þ ò Fdt = ò dp
dp Þ Impulse = change in momentum
F= = 2bt
dt As they are same, angle between them = 0
So, F µ t
Fth ru
116. a will change in direction only. 121. a = =
M 0 - rt M 0 - rt
117. ®a
10 ´ 5000
T q = = 50ms -2
1500 - 10 ( 50 )
ma
q
Fnet Fth - Mg ru - Mg
122. ain = = =
M0 M0 M0
mg
1000r - 6000 (10 )
Þ 20 =
a 1 6000
tan q = = tan 30° =
g 3 Þ 1000 r = 1,80,000
g Þ r = 180 kg/s
Þ a=
3 123. T
118. P = (cos kt ) iˆ - (sin kt ) ˆj

dP
F=
dt
W=Mg
= - (k sin kt ) iˆ - (k cos kt ) ˆj
ur ur When T = W
F .P = -k sin kt cos kt + k sin kt .cos kt = 0
Then a = 0
\ F^P ( m1 + m2 ) F 16 ´ 40
124. T2 = = = 32 N
\ q = 90° m1 + m2 + m3 20

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

m1T2 129. Fthr. = Mg = ru

125. T1 =
m1 + m2
Mg
Þ r=
T1 m1 u
Þ =
T2 m1 + m2 6000 ´ 9.8
=
1000
126. 2Tcos60°
= 58.8 m/s
60°

T 60° T F - Kx
130. a1 =
M1

a K x a2
Þ Kx = F - M1a1 F m1 K x m2
1

W
Kx F - M 1a1
2T cos 60° = Wmax a2 = =
M2 M2
1
Þ Wmax = 2T æç ö÷ = T 131. Acceleration of system = Net force on system
è2ø Total mass of system
= 20N
150+10g+5g
=
2m1m2 2 ´ 6 ´ 10 ´ 9.8 10+5
127. T = g=
m1 + m2 6 + 10 = 20 ms–2.
= 73.5 N dp dv
132. F= =m = m ( n ) [V - 0]
dt dt
T cos f

128.
= mnv
q

133. Impulse imparted = Dp

os
Tc

T = mD v
T q f T
= m ( v - ( -v ) )
T sin q T sin f W 2
= 2mv
= 2 × 0.2 ×10
W2
= 4 kg m/s
T = W1 134. OP = ut = 1.5 ´ 4 = 6 m
Q R
T sin q = T sin f
1 1æ 5ö
OQ = at 2 = ç ÷ 42 = 8m
Þ q=f 2 2è 5ø P
O
T cos q + T cos f = W2 \ OR = 6 2 + 82 = 10 m
Þ T ( cos q + cos q) = W2 = 100
dp
135. F =
dt
Þ 100 ( 2 cos q ) = 100
dv
1 =m
Þ cos q = dt
2
Þ q = 60° æ -2 - 10 ö
= 10 ç ÷
è 4 ø
\ ÐAP2 P1 = 2 ( 60°) = 120°
= –30N

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 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

136. Impulse = F ´ t 2T cos q = 2mg & T = mg

-5
= 50 ´ 10-5 ´ 3 (1dyn = 10 N)
Þ 2mg cos q = 2mg
= 150 ´ 10 -5
1
= 1.5 ´ 10-3 N­s Þ cos q =
137. 2
mv Þ q = 45°
30° Fbt
60°
–mvcos60° mvcos60°
30° 142. Req. angle = 180°
mv
Ftb
dp 143. Req. angle = 0°
F=
dt
Mg Ftb
mv cos 60° - ( -mv cos 60° )
= 144. Req. angle = (180 – q )°
t R
2 mv cos 60°
=
t
q
1 N
2 ´ 0.1´ 10 ´ q
= 2
0.1 W M g
= 10N 145. N - Mg = Mg

dp dv Mg
138. F = =m Þ N = 2 Mg
dt dt
146. Þ N = Mg N
æ 20 + 12 ö
= 0.15 ç ÷
è 1/ 25 ø 50
= (10 ) a=0
= 0.15 × 32 × 25 1000
= 120 N = 0.5 N
Mg
139. 2g 2g
F cos 30
Spring balance will measure tension
147. T1 = (12 + 3) = 15F cos 30°
3 + 12 + 15 30°
T = 2 g = 20 N = 2kgf
F
dV V f - Vi T2 T1 15 30°
140. a = = 3 12 Fcos30°
dt dt

-2 - 10 F cos 30 3
= T2 = (3) = ( F cos 30°)
4 3 + 12 + 15 30
= –3 m/s2.
T1 15 5
\ = =
141. 2Tcosq T2 3 1

148. Wascending = M ( g + a ) = M ( g + 0 ) = Mg

T T q T T Wdescending = M ( g - a ) = M ( g - 0 ) = Mg
m m
2m
Wascending
mg mg \ =1
2 mg Wdescending

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14
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
149. Spring balance will read mass of blocks i.e. 4kg 157. Only a will be same for all.
(Q Tension in both is same = 4g)
158. u u Elastic collision
So kx = 4 g

dp \ DV = u - ( -u ) = 2u
150. F =
dt
dv
\ F =m
125 1 dt
Þ 250 = Þ t = = 0.5sec
t 2
( nm )( 2u )
151. Fth = ru = 40 ´ 5 ´ 10 4 = = 2 mnu
1

= 2 ´ 106 N 159. T2 = m ´ a = 1 ´ 2 = 2 N
152. T1 = 100 g
dv
T2 cos 45° = T 1 160. F = m
dt

T2 T 2/ 2 45°
Þ = 100 g 45° T2 = 200 ( 0.03) ´ ( 50 + 30 ) ( DV = 50 - ( -30 ) = 50 + 30 )
2 45°
T3 T 2/ 2 = 480 N
Þ T2 = 100 2 g T1
6F F
T2 100g 161. T2 = =
T3 = = 100 g N 6+ 6+ 6 3
2

Impulse R1 R3
153. Impulsive force = 162.
Time of contact
R2
Dp
= R1 + R2 + R3 = 0
t

mDv 0.15 ( 20 ) Þ R3 = - ( R1 + R2 )
= =
t 0.1 When R3 is removed
= 30 N
Þ Fnet = R1 + R2
154. T = M ( g + a )
R1 + R2 R3
= 500 [9.8 + 2] \ a= =
m m
= 5900N
163. T = M ( g + a )
dp dv
155. F = =m
dt dt = 50 (10+2)
= 600
5 [15 - 65] ´ 10-2
= \ Its apparent weight = 600
0.2
= –12.5 N 600
So reading of balance ­ apparent mass = = 60kg
10
156. F = m dv
dt 164. F = mdv = 0.5(2 - ( -2))
dt 10 -3
æ 20 ö
= ç4´ ÷ ´ 300
è 1000 ø = 0.5 ´ 4 ´ 103

= 24N
= 2000N

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15
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

165. Initial weight, W1 = Mg = 10M 172. - a = 2.5 m / s 2

Apparent weight, W2 = M ( g + a ) T4
= M (10 - 5 )
T3
= 5M
W1 - W2 T2
\ % change in weight, DW = ´ 100
W1
T1
10 M - 5 M
= ´ 100
10 M
= 50% Mg
dv 3 ëéV cos 30° - ( -V cos 30° ) ûù T1 = m(g+a)
166. F = m =
dt 0.2 T2 = T1 + m ( g + a ) = 2m( g + a)
3[ 2V cos 30°] 3 ´ 2 ´ 100 3 = 1500 3N
= = ´ T3 = T2 + m ( g + a ) = 3m( g + a )
0.2 0.2 2
T4 = T3 + m ( g + a ) = 4m( g + a)
æ m2 - m1 ö
167. a = ç m + m ÷ g
è 1 2ø \ T4 = 4m ( g + a )

æ 10 - 5 ö g = 4 ´ 0.1( 9.8 + 2.5 )

=ç ÷g =
è 10 + 5 ø 3 = 4.92 N
168. Force on the pulley = 2T
F Kx 15 ( 0.2 )
173. a = = = = 10 m/s 2
2m1m2 m m 0.3
T= g T T
m1 + m2
T T mg
174. co
2´ 3´5 75 3kg 5kg sa
= ´ 10 = N N
8 2
ma a
\ Force on the pulley = 75N = 7.5 kg f a mg
(1 kg f = gN) sin
a
169. Fth = ru and Fth = Mg
a

Þ ru = Mg mg

Mg 4000 ´ 10 Þ ma cos a = mg sin a

Þ r= =
u 1000
Þ a = g tan a
= 40 kg/sec
175. Impulse = F×t
170. There is no any other force which will balance Mg
So, spring gets elongated for any value of M. dv
=m ´t
dt
171. F = m dv
dt 2 æ dx 4 ö dv 2
= 0.1 ´ ´ 2
2 çQv = = = 2 ÷ and a = = =1
dt 2
è dt 2 ø
(40 ´10-3 ´ n)1200
Þ 144 = = 0.2 kg ms -1
1
Þ n=3 176. Reading of balance = M ( g - g ) = 0 .

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16
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

2M1 M 2 180. V 2 - u 2 = 2 as
177. T = (g + g)
M1 + M 2
g 80 2 - 02 = 2 a ( 2 )
4M1M 2
= g
M1 + M 2 T T 80 ´ 80
Þ =a
4
W W
4 1g 2 W1 W2 2
g g 4W1W2 Þ a = 1600 m/s .
= ´g =
W1 W2 W1 + W2
+ 181.
g g 4 2 1 F=28N
178. m M F
Kx Kx Acceleration is same for all
Acceleration of system when spring is fully stretched,
F F 28
a= a= = = 4ms -2
m+M m 4 + 2 +1
Now force on m = Kx = ma
182. Tmax = 4Mg
mF
=
m+M
a
2m m g
179. Tension in Pulley System = 1 2
m1 + m2
Mg
2 ´ 6 ´ 10
= ´ 10 4Mg – Mg = Ma
6 + 10
= 75N Þ a = 3g

Advanced Level Questions

2.
1.
T T a
T
T T m1 m2
1 kg a
a/2
na

m 2g

4 kg 1g
g si

a b
si n
1
m

4g
b

M 2 g sin b - M1 g sin a
T - 1g = 1( a ) Þ T = a + 1g a=
M1 + M 2
a
and 4 g - 2T = 4 æç ö÷ = 2a æ M sin b - M 1 sin a ö
è2ø =ç 2 ÷g
è M1 + M 2 ø
Þ 4 g - 2 ( a + g ) = 2a
3. M 2 g sin b - T = M 2 a
Þ 2 g - 2a = 2a
Þ T = M 2 [ g sin b - a ]
Þ 4a = 2g

g é gM 2 sin b - gM1 sin a ù

Þ a= upwards = M 2 ê g sin b - ú
2 ë M1 + M 2 û

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17
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
OR
é M g sin b + M 2 g sin b - M 2 g sin b + M1 g sin a ù
= M2 ê 1 ú When knife edge moves inside the wooden floor, the net
ë M1 + M 2 û retardation is (a–g) where a is due to average resistance
offered by the wood.
M2 Hence, applying v2 – a2 = 2as we have
= ( sin a + sin b )( M 1g )
M1 + M 2
–2gh = –2 (a–g)s

M 1M 2 æ hö
= ( sin a + sin b ) g \ a = g ç1 + ÷
M1 + M 2 è sø
\ resistance offered = Ma
2mg - mg g
4. In case I a1 = =
2m + m 3 æ hö
= Mg ç1 + ÷
è sø
2mg - mg mg
In case II a2 = = =g T F=2mg
m m A B
8.
So, a1 < a2
x
5. mg l/2 l/2
s q
a co
N m
x/2 x/2
ma
mg
q c
os
q q
in
g sq
ma sin q
Tension of A = F1 + F2
m
F1 ® Weight of hanging part
mg

Þ F1 = M é l + x ù g
N.cos q = mg l êë 2 2 úû
Vertical force exerted by inclined plane = mg F2 ® Tension required to reduce the momentum which is
OR gained by downward fall.
N = mg cos q + ma sin q dp dm æ xö
F2 = = çç 2 g ÷÷
Vertical component is dt dt è 2ø
N cos q = (mg cos q + ma sin q) cos q
= mg cos2 + ma sin q cos q M
dm = dx
2 l
= mg cos q + (ma cos q) sin q
= mg cos2 q + (mg sin q) sin q M dx x
\ F2 = 2g
= mg (cos2 q + sin–2 q) = mg l dt 2
6. ma cos q = mg sin q M M
= V g gx = ( gx )
Þ a = g tan q l l

7. M M
Mg ( h + s ) = F .S
{ \ Tension = [l + x] g + ( gx )
h 14243 Work done by friction
2l l
loss in P.E.
Mg é l + x 2 x ù
= + ú
S 2 êë l l û

Mg é 3x ù
Þ F = Mg é1 + h ù = 1+ ú
ê Sú
ë û 2 êë l û

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18
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
9. 11.
sq 0
ac
o N 10
m
F
ma
° mgcos 30°
q mgcosq 30
q in
in gs
g s m 30°
m q
Mg
mg
Mg sin 30° = 100
ma cos q = mg sin q
Þ Mg = 200 N
g sin q
a= Now F cos 30° = 100
cos q
100 100
-1 æ 1 ö Þ F = cos 30° =
q = sin ç ÷ 3/2
èl ø
200 3
1 Þ F= = 115 N
Þ sin q = 3
l
dp
12. F=
l2 -1
2 1 dt V
Þ cos q = 1 - sin q = 1 - =
l2 l q
d
= ( mv ) Vsinq Vsinq
1/ l g dt
\ a=g =
l 2 -1 / l l2 -1 V
m
Now = arv
L–y y t

10. F2 T T F1 and DV = V f - Vi = 2V sin q

a a
\ F = ( arv )( 2v sin q )
F - F2
a= 1
M
= 2 av 2 r sin q
M
F1 - T = ( y) a 13.
L
f F
M æ F1 - F2 ö
= y
L çè M ÷ø m2g
m1g
y ( F1 - F2 )
= There is no force which can balance m1g.
L
So, system can’t be in equilibrium
y ( F1 - F2 )
Þ T = F1 - 14.
L a F
F a
F L - yF1 + yF2
= 1
L Mg (M–m)g
æ yö æ yö F ® Buoyant Force
T = F1 ç1 - ÷ + F2 ç ÷
è Lø èLø
Þ Mg – F = Ma Þ F – (M–m)g = (M–m)a

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19
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

Þ F = Mg - Ma Þ Mg - Ma - Mg + mg = Ma - ma \ P = ( M + m ) a0
Þ ma + mg = Ma + Ma
= ( M + m ) g tan b
Þ m(a+g) = 2Ma
18. R
2Ma
Þ m=
a+g
15. F a

T T
a–x f a–x
T T mg
q x x
(– x,0) (+x,0)
R - mg = ma
F = 2T cos f

and T cos q = ma Þ R = mg + ma

æ F ö 19. F = 600 - 2 ´ 105 t

Þ ç ÷ cos q = ma
è 2 cos f ø 600
F = 0 at t = = 3 ´10-3 sec
2 ´ 105
F é cos q ù
Þ a=
2m êë cos f úû t
J = ò F gdt
q + f = 90° 0

æ F ö. 1 æ F ö. x t
a=ç =ç
÷ ÷
è 2m ø tan q è 2m ø a 2 - x 2 (
= ò 600 - 2 ´ 105 t dt
0
)
16. When BC = 0
-3
F 2g 20 é 2 ù 3´10
Þ a= = = m / s2 5t
= ê 600t - 2 ´ 10 ú
m 5 + 2 +1 8 êë 2 úû
0
When BC = 2m
2
F + F2
Þ a= 1 =
2 g + g 30
= m / s2
= 600 ´ 3 ´ 10-3 - 105 3 ´10-3 ( )
m 5 + 2 +1 8
= 1.8 – 0.9
17. N cosb = 0.9 N­s
0
N
b 10
20. a
N sin b m ma0
N
b M P
a0 Mgsin q
b Mgcosq
ma Mg
mg
q
N sin b = ma0 Pseudo force
N cos b = mg Net downward force on block

a0 F = Ma + Mg sin q
Þ tan b =
g
F
a= = a + g sin q
Þ a0 = g tan b M
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20
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)
21. For man T F1 = mg cos q + ma sin q F2 = mg cos q
T + R – Mg = ma
T + 750 – 1000 = 100 a R a also mg sin q = ma cos q = mg cos 30°
T – 250 = 100 a .... (i) Mg
For chair 3
T Þ a = g tan q = mg
T – 750 – 250 = 25 a .... (ii) 2
2 a
Solving (i) and (ii) a = 10 m/s \ F1 = mg cos q + mg tan q sin q
R
22. mg=250 N
= mg [ cos 30° + tan 30° sin 30°]

dl é 3 1 1ù
= mg ê + ´ ú
ë 2 3 2û
l
2
= mg
3
Net force exerted by chain on table = F1 + F2
F1 ® Force exerted by that part of chain which is on the F1 2 / 3mg 4
table = =
F2 3 / 2mg 3

\ M
F1 = ( y) g 24. Let T be the tension in the rope and a the accleration of the
L
æ 5g ö
F2 ® Rate of change of momentum of chain at the instant it rope. The absolute acceleration of man is therefore ç - a÷
è 4 ø
strikes the table.
Consider a small element dl. Hence
T – 100 g = 100 a (1)
Velocity of element on striking the table, V = 2 gl
æ 5g ö T T
M T – 60 g = 60ç - a÷ (2)
\ dp = ( dl ) 2 gl è 4 ø
L
Solving (1) and (2), we have man 100 kg
dp M dl
\ F2 = = 2 gl T = 1218 N
dt L dt
25. 2g = kx1 Þ x1 = 2 g / K
dl
Also =V
dt 3g = kx2 Þ x2 = 3g / K
M M
Þ F2 =
L
( 2 gl )( )
2 gl =
L
( 2gl ) 1g = kx3 Þ x3 = 1g / K

M \ x2 > x1 > x3
\ Net F = 3 æç ö
÷ gy
è L ø OR
q N2 ºF 2 T1 = 20 N
23.
c os
N1ºF 1 ma T2 = 24 N

ma mg cos q
40
ma sinq T3 = N
q
s in q 3
mg mg cosq
mg \ x2 > x1 > x3
q
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21
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

T + F = m1 g and T + m2 g = F (when motion become

26.
uniform).
So, T+m2g=m1g–T
Tsin30° T
T a Þ 2T = ( m1 - m2 ) g
q
T cosq
g
mg Þ T = ( m1 - m2 )
5g 2
29.
T sin 30° = mg = 40 T m,L
Þ Tmax = 40 ´ 2 = 80 N a
M
T - 5 g = 5a

T = 5( g + a) é m ù é m ù
T - ê M + ( L - l )ú g = êM + ( L - l )ú a
ë L û ë L û
Þ 80 = 5 ( g + a )
Þ T = æç M + m - ml ö÷ ( g + a )
Þ g + a = 16 L ø
è
Þ a = 16 - g = 16 - 10 = 6 ms -2 T
Þ a+g =
27. ml
M +m-
L

T
Þ a= -g
ml
M +m-
1 L
30. l AB = 2 R cos 30 = R 3
2

2g - g g \ extension produced in the spring = R 3 - R

a= =
3 3
= ( 3 - 1) R
Velocity of both the blocks at
Spring force coming into act
t = 1 sec wil be
( 3 + 1)mg
g 10 Fs = ( 3 - 1) RX = 2 mg
v0 = at = ´1= m/s R
3 3
B
When 2kg is stopped, tension is string will become zero.
Then both will have free fall under gravity and the string Fs
30°
30°

again become tight when displacement of 1 kg block (-)

mg
= displacement of 2 kg block (¯). 30°
A
O
1 1
v0 t - gt 2 = gt 2
2 2

v0 1
\ t= = sec
g 3 \ N = Fs cos 30° + mg 30°
28. m2 = 2 mg cos 30° + mg cos 30°
m 2g
T mg
F =3 3
T 2
m1 31. Tangential force acting on bead at point B
m 1g = 2 mg sin 30° - mg sin 30

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22
 Physics (XI) Solutions Newton’s Laws of Motion (Force)

1 dp mdv
= mg sin 30 = mg 35. Fav = =
2 dt dt

\ acceleration =
1 mg g m ( 2v ) 4 mv 2
= = =
2 m 2 pd / 2 pd
32. ( )
Fg = mg - kˆ v

r r 36. Acceleration of
Fp = v ´ A
mg
B= =g
Fp should be equal to mg + kˆ ( ) so that net force on the m
particle become zero.
Acceleration of
® r
Al A is in +iˆ so V should be in – ˆj so that Fp is in + kˆ 3mg - 2 mg g
A= =
\ VA = mg 2m 2

Þ V = mg
A
37. F F - 2T = 0
m T
r mg
Þ V=
A
- ˆj ( ) f

33. Initial weight needed to balance F

ÞT=
= (m1 + m2)g 2
Final weight needed to balance
T - f = ma
4m1m2 g
=
m 1 + m2 F
- f
T-f
As final weight < initial weight Þ a= = 2
m m
So weight needed to be removed
1 1 1
4m m g 38. ò dp = ò Fdt = (1)( -1) + 2 ´ 2 + ´ -2 ´ 2 + 1´1 + ´1´ -1
= ( m1 + m2 ) g - 1 2 2 2 2
m1 + m2
-1 1
é ( m + m ) 2 - 4m m ù = + 4 - 2 +1-
=ê 1 2 1 2ú
g 2 2
ê m1 + m2 ú
ë û = 2 N­s

=
( m1 - m2 )2 g 39. T1 sin 60° = T2 sin 60°
m1 + m2 T2 cos60° + T1cos60°
Þ T1 = T2 = T
T2 T1
34. T = Kx = mg
Also 2T cos 60° = 10 60° 60°
For mass M to leave ground
Kx T T 2sin60° T1sin60°
2Kx = Mg 1
m Þ 2T æç ö÷ = 10
Þ 2mg = Mg è2ø
Kx
mg Þ T = 10 N 10
M
Þ m= M
2

Mg

q q q

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