BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION

A trial with only two possible outcomes is used so frequently as a building block of a random experiment
that it is called a Bernoulli trial. It is usually assumed that the trials that constitute the random
experiment are independent. This implies that the outcome from one trial has no effect on the outcome
to be obtained from any other trial. Furthermore, it is often reasonable to assume that the probability of
a success in each trial is constant.

1.The chance that a bit transmitted through a digital transmission channel is received in
error is 0.1. Also, assume that the transmission trials are independent. Let X = the
number of bits in error in the next four bits transmitted. Determine P(X = 2).
2. Each sample of water has a 10% chance of containing a particular organic pollutant. Assume that
the samples are independent with regard to the presence of the pollutant. Find the probability that
in the next 18 samples, exactly 2 contain the pollutant.
3. The random variable X has a binomial distribution with n = 10 and p = 0.5. Determine the
following probabilities:
a. P ( X = 5 ) b. P ( X  2 ) c. P ( X  9 ) d . P ( 3  X  5)
4. An electronic product contains 40 integrated circuits. The probability that any integrated circuit is
defective is 0.01, and the integrated circuits are independent. The product operates only if there
are no defective integrated circuits. What is the probability that the product operates?
5. The phone lines to an airline reservation system are occupied 40% of the time. Assume that the
events that the lines are occupied on successive calls are independent. Assume that 10 calls are
placed to the airline.
(a) What is the probability that for exactly three calls, the lines are occupied?
(b) What is the probability that for at least one call, the lines are not occupied?
(c) What is the expected number of calls in which the lines are all occupied?
6. A multiple-choice test contains 25 questions, each with four answers. Assume that a student just
guesses on each question
(a) What is the probability that the student answers more than 20 questions correctly?
(b) What is the probability that the student answers fewer than 5 questions correctly?
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
A trial with only two possible outcomes is used so frequently as a building block of a random experiment
that it is called a Bernoulli trial. It is usually assumed that the trials that constitute the random
experiment are independent. This implies that the outcome from one trial has no effect on the outcome
to be obtained from any other trial. Furthermore, it is often reasonable to assume that the probability of
a success in each trial is constant.

7.The chance that a bit transmitted through a digital transmission channel is received in
error is 0.1. Also, assume that the transmission trials are independent. Let X = the
number of bits in error in the next four bits transmitted. Determine P(X = 2).
8. Each sample of water has a 10% chance of containing a particular organic pollutant. Assume that
the samples are independent with regard to the presence of the pollutant. Find the probability that
in the next 18 samples, exactly 2 contain the pollutant.
9. The random variable X has a binomial distribution with n = 10 and p = 0.5. Determine the
following probabilities:
a. P ( X = 5 ) b. P ( X  2 ) c. P ( X  9 ) d . P ( 3  X  5)
10. An electronic product contains 40 integrated circuits. The probability that any integrated circuit is
defective is 0.01, and the integrated circuits are independent. The product operates only if there
are no defective integrated circuits. What is the probability that the product operates?
11. The phone lines to an airline reservation system are occupied 40% of the time. Assume that the
events that the lines are occupied on successive calls are independent. Assume that 10 calls are
placed to the airline.
(d) What is the probability that for exactly three calls, the lines are occupied?
(e) What is the probability that for at least one call, the lines are not occupied?
(f) What is the expected number of calls in which the lines are all occupied?
12. A multiple-choice test contains 25 questions, each with four answers. Assume that a student just
guesses on each question
(a) What is the probability that the student answers more than 20 questions correctly?
(b) What is the probability that the student answers fewer than 5 questions correctly?