LESSON 3: Division of Literature (CONTINUATION)

Prose is a division of literature which covers a literary work that is spoken or written within the common
flow of language in sentences and in paragraphs which gives information, relate events, express ideas,
or present opinions. Under this division, we have two sub-divisions: Fiction and Non- Fiction

Fiction - it came from the writer’s imagination

Legend - is a prose fiction which attempts to explain the origin of things, places, objects that we see
around us.
Short Story - is a short prose fiction narrative depicting a simple characterization and plot conveying a
moral which can be read in one sitting.
Novel - is a very long prose narrative depicting complex characterization and plot which is usually
divided into chapters.
Novella - is a long prose narrative similar to but shorter than a novel but longer than a short story. It is
also known as novelette.
Fable - is a short prose fiction narrative depicting animal characters which espouses a lesson in life.
Parable - is a short prose allegorical narrative which presents a philosophical outlook in life

Non - Fiction - Based on history and Facts

Biography - is a prose non-fiction detailing the life of a person written by another person.
Autobiography - Sometimes, a biography may be written by the same person
History - is a prose non-fiction record of events that transpired in the past
News - is a prose non-fiction narrative of events that happen every day. The newspapers are written for
this purpose.
Diary - is a personal account of significant events that happen in the life of a person.
Anecdote - is a prose non-fiction narrative that depicts a single incident in a person’s life
Essay - is prose non-fiction which is a formal treatment of an issue written from the writer’s personal
point of view.

DEFINITION & TYPE OF POETRY

Poetry is an artform in which human language is usend for its aesthetic qualities

A. Narrative Poetry

This is a sub-division of poetry which tells or narrates a story.

1. EPIC

is a narrative poem which accounts the heroic exploits of a community’s hero, usually involving
superhuman abilities.

2. BALLAD

is a narrative poem which depicts a single incident that transpired in a person’s life. It may be sung in
the present days

B. Lyric Poetry

is a sub-division of poetry which features poems intended to be sung with the accompaniment of the
musical instrument called “lyre” hence, lyric poetry.
 1. FOLK SONGS

(Awiting Bayan)

are short poems intended to be sung. The common theme is love, despair, grief, doubt, joy,

hope and sorrow.

2. ELEGY

is a lyric poem of sad theme such lamentation for the dead, longing for a missing love, and a grief for
things beyond one’s control.

3. ODE

is a lyric poem of noble and exalted emotion which has dignified countenance

4. SONNET

is a lyric poem of 14 iambic pentameter lines usually about love and beautiful themes

5. AWIT

is a romance metrical tale of dodecasyllabic measure which is recited during formal performances or
informal gatherings

6. CORRIDO

is a martial or adventure metrical tale of octosyllabic measure which is recited for recreational purposes

7. IDYLL

is a lyric poem type of short poem that describes rural life or a natural scene.

8. PSALMS

are songs praising God or the Virgin Mary and containing a philosophy of life.

C. Dramatic Poetry

is a sub-division of poetry which features poems meant to be performed on stage. Theater plays and
dramatic presentations belong to this type.

1. TRAGEDY

is a dramatic poetry which features a hero eventually causes his downfall or defeat often ending in a
very sad conclusion.

2. COMEDY

is a dramatic poetry which is similar with tragedy except that the hero triumphs and overcomes the
odds towards the end and emerges victoriously

3. MELODRAMA

is a dramatic poetry which is a combination of the elements of tragedy and comedy yet ends in a
happy note

4. FARCE

is a dramatic poetry which is an exaggerated comedy that aims to elicit laughter hence, relaxation.

LESSON 5: LITERARY GENRES (WEEK 5)

Illustrated Novel

-The reader must interpret the images in order to comprehend completely the story

-Textual portions are presented in traditional form

-Some illustrated novels may contain no text at all

Digi-Fiction

Combines t3 media: book,movie/video, and internet website

Graphic Novel

✔ Narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using comic form.

Manga

✔ generic term for all comic books and graphics novels originally published in Japan.

✔ Considered as an artistic and storytelling style.

✔ Ameri-manga – sometimes used to refer to comics created by American artists in manga style.

Ameri - Manga

*Kodomo - children manga

*Shonen - boy manga

*Shojo - Girl Manga

Doodle Fiction

✔ Literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing and drawings, and
handwritten graphics in place of traditional font.

Text-talk Novels

✔ Blog, email, IM format narratives

✔ Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social network exchanges

Science Fiction

✔ is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and
technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universe and extraterrestrial
life.
Blog

✔ A web log; a website containing short articles called posts that are changed regularly.

✔ Same blogs are written by one person containing their own opinions, interests and experiences,
while others are written by many different people.

Hyper Poetry

✔ Digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up.

✔ It can either involved set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are presented in variable order but sit on
the page much as tradition poetry does, or it can contain parts of the poem that move and/or
mutate.

Spoken Poetry

✔ Oral art that focuses on the aesthetics of word play and intonation and voice inflection.

CORE ELEMENTS OF SETTING

Geographic Location - set in real-life, mappable place like particular city,state,or country, or might be in
an imaginary world

Physical Location - A character’s immediate surroundings, like a room or a temple, can be important
information to highlight.

Physical Environment - its about the climate

Time Period - In literature, time period can be a historical period but it can also be a season, a time of
day, or time of year.

Social & Cultural Environment - The location and time period will dictate the social and cultural
environment in a story.

LITERARY ELEMENTS

Character - the root of storytelling

Protagonist - main character,central figure, the star of the story

Deuteragonist - not exactly in spotlight but pretty close it

Tertiary Characters - appear briefly in the main character’s life

Dynamic/changing - the change over the course of the story.

Stock Character - are familiar figures in stories (e.g. the chosen one, joker, mentor)

Symbolic Character - represent larger themes/messages

Setting - refers to time and place in the story

Plot - sequence of connected events, the organization of events in a story

Conflict - literary device characterized by a struggle between 2 opposing forces

Theme - describes the central idea that a piece of writing explores

Voice - expresses the narrator or author’s emotions, attitude, tone and point of view through artful

Cliffhanger - plot device marks the end of a section of narrative with the express purpose of keeping
audiences engaged in the story

Foreshadowing - slyly indicating a future envent, is one technique a writer can use to create and build
suspense

Humor - makes audience laugh, or that intends to induce amusement or laughter

Suspense - type of anxiety literature is to make readers more concerned about the characters, and to
form sympathetic association with them

FIGURES OF SPEECH

Simile - is a comparison of 2 things using the word “like/as”

Hyperbole - exaggeration or overstatement

Personification - personify the behavior of animals or inanimate object ideas

Anaphora - phrase or word used repeatedly to add an artistic effect

LESSON 6: CREATIVE REPRESENTATION OF A LITERARY TEXT BY APPLYING MULTIMEDIA
SKILLS (WEEK 6)

Multimedia means that computer information can be represented through audio, video, and
animation in addition to traditional media (i.e., text, graphics drawings, and images). It is the
field concerned with the computer- controlled integration of text, graphics, drawings, still and
moving images (Video), animation, audio, and any other media where every type of
information can be represented, stored, transmitted and processed digitally.

Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving
visual media.

Animation is a method in which figures are manipulated to appear asmoving images.

text is any object that can be "read"

image binary representation of visual data.

Audio Any digital information with speech or music stored on and played through a computer

MULTIMEDIA FORMATS

A litblog (alternate: lit-blog or literary blog) is a blog that focuses primarily on the topic of literature.

Mind mapping, or concept mapping, is a technique of visually depicting relationships between ideas.

Mobile Phone Textula A particular example of this poem is a tanaga, a type of Filipino poem, consisting
of four lines with seven syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each line - that is to say a
7-7-7-7 syllabic verse, with an AABB rhyme scheme. The modern tanaga still uses the 7777 syllable
count, but rhymes range from dual rhyme forms: AABB, ABAB, ABBA; to freestyle forms such as AAAB,
BAAA, or ABCD

slide show is a presentation of a series of still images

A tag cloud (also known as a word cloud, wordle or weighted list in visual design) is a visual
representation of text data

LITERARY ADAPTION
Literary adaptation is the adapting of a literary source (e.g. a novel, short story, poem) to another genre or
medium, such as a film, stage play, or video game. It can also involve adapting the same literary work in
the same genre or medium just for different purposes, e.g. to work with a smaller cast, in a smaller venue
(or on the road), or for a different demographic group (such as adapting a story for children).

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