College of Engineering

MARIANO MARCOS
STATE UNIVERSITY Batac City

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

COURSE OF REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE SUBJECT
CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
(LABORATORY REPORT 1)
MR. EXELSIS LEAÑO

Submitted by:
ANCHETA, ADRIAN DAVE R.
LAYCO, JAN HELSIEN B.
ANDRES, A. ANDRES
MATEO, ADRIAN RAFAEL A.
CALARO, JAYSON
GROUP # 2
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering
BSEE 1-B

NOVEMBER 26, 2020

 LABORATORY REPORT III
ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS AND MIXTURES

INTRODUCTION

The discussion video mainly focused on experiments involving elements,

compounds, and mixtures. It covered a wide range of knowledge in chemistry such as
formation of compound from elements, separation of components from mixture and
others. It also showed the differences between to correlating factors like the pure
substance and mixture.

OBJECTIVE:

To differentiate elements from compounds and pure substances from mixtures.

To be able to separate a mixture into its components based on the difference in
their properties.
To determine the percentage components and the percentage recovery of the
mixture.

MATERIALS:

25 ml Graduated Cylinder Match/Lighter

100 ml Beaker Spatula
Bunsen Gas Burner Evaporating Dishes
Iron Ring Thermometer
Iron Stand Tong
Clamp Weighing Balance
Wire Gauze Watch Glass
Stirring Rod Chemicals
Mixture of NaCl, NH4Cl and Sand Magnesium ribbon

DATA
A. Formation of Compound from Elements

Magnesium Ribbon Observations

Before scrapping with spatula
After scrapping with spatula
During burning
White strip of bendable metallic object
(magnesium ribbon) looks normal with no
changed properties.
Powder particles (oxide coating) were torn
off from the strip which turned it into a
metallic luster
Produced intense heat and a bright white
light

The combustion leaves white powder

After burning
(oxide coating) residue

B. Pure Substance vs. Mixture

Matter Boiling Point

Distilled Water 100 degrees C

102 degrees C
Mixture of distilled water and salt

C. Separation of Components from Mixture

Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)

Mass
Mass of evaporating dish + original sample 58.1 Cal
Mass of evaporating dish 48.1 Cal
Mass of original sample 10 Cal
Mass of evaporating dish after subliming NH4Cl 57.7 Cal
Mass of NH4Cl 0.4 Cal

Salt (NaCl)
 Mass
Mass of evaporating dish, watch glass + salt 123 Cal
Mass of evaporating dish 63.5 Cal
Mass of watch glass 58.9 Cal
Mass of salt 0.6 Cal

Sand

Mass
Mass of evaporating dish + sand 57.1 Cal
Mass of evaporating dish 48.1 Cal
Mass of sand 9 Cal

CALCULATIONS:

Calculate the percent component of each substance in the mixture and percent
recovery using the formulas given below:

mass of component
% component = x 100
mass of original sample

mass of matter recovered

% recovery = x 100
mass of original sample

Substance % Component % Recovery

Ammonium Chloride 4% 100%
Salt 6% 100%
Sand 90% 100%

QUESTIONS
1. Describe the properties of the magnesium ribbon.
Gray or Silvery white, low density, reasonably strong metal that tarnishes
in air to form a thin oxide coating casted into a ribbon or a rod.

2. Describe what takes place after burning the magnesium ribbon.

Exothermic reaction: The ribbon ignites and undergo combustion which
released energy and intense heat when the magnesium reacts with oxygen in the
air and produced a bright white light

3. What conclusions can you make regarding the boiling point of pure substance
and boiling point of a mixture?
Boiling point elevation occurs when there are dissolved minerals in the
water. Therefore, mixtures made from the pure substance has higher boiling
point than the pure substance alone.

4. Discuss the different separation technique that was applied in the video.
Sublimation - conversion between the solid and the gaseous phases of
matter, with no intermediate liquid stage.
Heating - method is used to separate dissolved solids from a solution.
Decantation - process to separate mixtures by removing a liquid layer that
is free of a precipitate, or the solids deposited from a solution.
Evaporation - process of turning from liquid into vapor.
Condensation - change of water from its gaseous form (water vapor) into
liquid water.
5. What separation technique is applied in this separation? (Refer to Part C/Part III)
The separation technique applied in the separation is sublimation where
the solid turned into gas with no liquid stage involved.

6. What substance is being extracted from the mixture? (Refer to Part C/Part III)
The substance being extracted from the mixture is salt.

7. Identify the property of each of the component present in the mixture which
makes them different from one another. (Refer to Part C/Part III)
Ammonium chloride sublime and can be separated from the mixture of salt
and sand by the process of sublimation. While salt and sand can be separated
with the use of water by means of evaporation followed by condensation.
*Water evaporates (water vapor condenses).
8. Does the experiment illustrate the principle of conservation of matter? Justify
your answer. (Refer to Part C/Part III)
 YES. Throughout the experiment, substances or mixtures involved are
neither created nor destroyed but rather separated in the original mixture or
reverted into its base compound. The amount and kind of substances after the
separation were the same.

CONCLUSION

In the experiment, lot of knowledge regarding chemistry were acquired.

Including how compounds are formed from elements, the difference of pure
substance and mixture in their boiling point, how components is separated from
mixtures such as sand, ammonium chloride, salt, and water. Key points were
also learnt, like the properties of magnesium ribbon, involvement of exothermic
reaction while burning, mixtures has higher boiling point than pure substances,
separation techniques, properties of various components, and principle of
conservation of mass. Overall, the experimental video added to my underlying
knowledge in chemistry.