Main Components

LATHE MACHINE
Components of a lathe
Components of a lathe
Main components of a lathe
 Lathe Bed

 Head Stock

 Tail Stock

 Carriage Assembly

 Lead Screw and Feed Rod

Main components of a lathe...
 Lathe Bed:
◦ Supports all major components
of the lathe
◦ Made out of cast iron
◦ Has ribs and webs for
reinforcements
◦ Has accurately machined guides
to facilitate tail stock and
carriage
Main components of a lathe...
 Head stock:
◦ Fixed to the bed and has a gear box
driven by a motor
◦ Varying the speeds are achieved by
gears, pulleys and belts
◦ Has a hollow spindle to connect
work holding devices(e.g. chucks)
 Critical Head stock components
 Chuck:
◦ 3 jaw chuck(dependent chuck)
 Has 3 jaws and they move in-out
simultaneously
 Fast in operation
 Moderate precision
◦ 4 jaw chuck(independent chuck)
 Jaws moves independently
 Used for accurate positioning
◦ Collette
 Used to clamp small diameter work
pieces
 Critical Head stock components
 Chuck:
◦ Magnetic chuck
 Clamps work piece without
physical fastening components
 Fast in operation
 Can be permanent
/electromagnetic types
◦ Face plates
 Clamps work pieces of odd shapes
that are difficult to be clamped on
chucks
◦ Lathe dogs
 Used with face plates or chucks
once the work piece is mounted
on centres
 Helps to give firm connection
between work piece and spindle
Main components of a lathe...
 Tail stock:
◦ Moves along the guide ways in the lathe bed
◦ Can be positioned and clamped at any
position in the guide ways
◦ Supports the work piece at the tail side of
the lathe
◦ Can fix a dead centre or drill chuck
 Main components of a lathe...
 Carriage:
◦ Consists of 4 main parts
 Saddle
 H-shaped casting mounting on top of guide ways
 Cross Slide
 Mounted on top of saddle
 Provides manual or auto movement of cutting tool
 Compound Rest
 Tool post is mounted on top of compound rest
 Fitted on top of cross slide
 Can be adjusted at any angle to facilitate taper turning
 Apron
 Contains drive mechanisms to move the carriage by the use of
hand power or motor power
Main components of a lathe...
 Feed Rod and Lead Screw:
◦ Feed rod is the power source for apron
◦ In auto mode, cross slide and carriage also
get powered by this
◦ Feed rod is powered by head stock through
set of gears
◦ split nut is used to engage-disengage lead
screw for the carriage motion or idle
References
 S. Kalpakjian and S.R. Schmid, “Manufacturing Engineering and
Technology”, 4th edition
 http://www.2dix.com/ppt-2010/introduction-to-lathe-machine-
ppt.php