Hello!

Goal of the lesson:

◉ explain relationship between work and energy;

Terminology:

Ability -қабілет / способность

To gain -алу / получить
Roof -шатыр / крыша
Types of Energy
Types of Energy

Energy is an ability to do work.

We do work by using energy,

so we can say that work and
energy should have the same
units.

Both work and energy are

measured in Joules.
 Kinetic energy

In the formula mass is in kg

and velocity is in m/s.

The energy of an object due to its motion is called

Kinetic energy
 Kinetic energy

The kinetic energy of the object increases as

positive work is done on it
 Example
What is the kinetic energy of a cyclist that is
moving with velocity of 10 m/s if his mass is 80 kg?

KE = 4000 J
 Problem #1
What is the kinetic energy of a car with mass of 2 tons and moving with speed of
60 km/h?

KE = 277.8 kJ
 Problem #2
The kinetic energy of a 0.5 g rain drop which is falling at its terminal speed is
10–3 J. What is the terminal speed of the rain drop?

v = 2 m/s
 Problem #3
While initially resting on a frictionless horizontal plane, a 20 kg case is pulled
25 m by a 10 N force.
a) What is the work done? 20 kg
b) What is the speed of the case at the end of 25 m? F = 10 N
c) How many seconds does it take for the case to reach
this speed?
25 m

a) 250 J
b) 5 m/s
c) 10 s
 Work-kinetic energy theorem

The net work done on an object equals the change in

kinetic energy of the object.
 Problem #4
The kinetic energy of an object increases from 200 J KE = 200 J KE = 350 J
to 350 J, under the action of a single constant force,
as it accelerates on a smooth level surface, as F
shown in the figure. What is the work done on the
object?
s

Wnet = 150 J
Gravitational Potential energy

Ep = mgh

Potential energy is energy due to position.

When object falls it gains kinetic energy. It depends only on the
height!
Gravitational Potential energy

PE = max
KE = 0

PE = KE

PE = 0
KE = max
 Example
Calculate the potential energy of a plant pot with a mass of 10 kg standing on a 1
m high table, with respect to
a) the table,
b) the floor (Take g=10 N/kg)

a) PE = 0
b) PE = 100 J
 Problem #5
A building consists of 20 floors. Each floor is 450 cm
high. What is the potential energy of a person with a
mass 80 kg standing on the roof relative to the
a) 18-th floor?
b) Ground?

a) PE = 7200 J
b) PE = 72000 J
Thanks!
Any questions?