TERM 2 - Week 3 - LOWER LEVEL - Islamic Studies - Aqiidah

THE THREE AFFAIRS

MEMORIZATION AND
UNDERSTANDING TARGET
WEEK 3 - 25th - 29th Nov 2023

Know, may Allah have mercy upon

‫ب َعلَى ُك ِل ُم ْسلِ ٍم‬ ِ ِ
you, that it is obligatory upon every ُ ‫ك هللاُ أَنَّه ََي‬
َ َ‫ْاعلَ ْم َرْح‬
Muslim, male and female, to learn ِ ‫ تَعلم ه ِذهِ الث‬،‫ومسلِم ٍة‬
‫َّالث َم َسائِل والْ َع َم ُل‬
and act upon the following three
َ ُ َ َ ْ َُ
matters: -:‫ِبِِ َّن‬
The first: That Allah created us and
َّ ‫ أ‬:‫ُوَل‬
‫ َوَلْ يَْت ُرْكنَا‬،‫ َوَرَزقَنَا‬،‫َن هللاَ َخلَ َقنَا‬ ‫األ ى‬
sustains us; He did not leave us
without a purpose, rather, He sent
َ َ‫ فَ َم ْن أَط‬،ً‫ بَ ْل أ َْر َس َل إِلَْي نَا َر ُسوال‬،‫ََهَال‬
ُ‫اعه‬
Messengers to us. So whoever obeys
them will enter Paradise, and ‫َّار‬
َ ‫صاهُ َد َخ َل الن‬ َ ‫ َوَم ْن َع‬،َ‫َد َخ َل اجلَنَّة‬
whoever disobeys them will enter the
Fire.

:‫يل قَ ْولُهُ تَ َع َاَل‬ِ

The proof is the saying of the Most
High:
ُ ‫َوالدَّل‬
{Indeed We have sent a Messenger
to you, just as We sent a Messenger ِ ‫{إِ ََّّن أىر لْنىا إِلىي ُكم ر والً ىش‬
‫اهداً ىعلىْي ُك ْم‬
to Pharaoh. But Pharaoh denied ُ‫ْى ْ ْ ى‬
ِ
and rejected the Messenger, so We ‫صى‬ ‫ىك ىما أ ْىر ى لْنىا إِ ىَل ف ْر ىع ْو ىن ىر ُ والً * فى ىع ى‬
َّ ‫فِ ْر ىع ْو ُن‬
seized him with a severe
punishment} [73:15-16] }ً‫ىخ ْذ ىَّنهُ أى ْخذاً ىوبِيل‬
‫ول فىأ ى‬
‫الر ُ ى‬

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The second: Allah is not pleased that

ُ‫ضى أَ ْن يُ ْشَرَك َم َعه‬َ ‫َن هللا ال يَ ْر‬ َّ ‫ أ‬:ُ‫الثَّانِيىة‬
anyone should be made a partner
with Him in Worship, neither any
‫ َوال نَِ ي‬،‫ب‬
‫ب‬ ٌ َ‫ ال َمل‬،‫َح ُد ِِف ِعَِ َادتِِه‬
ٌ ‫ك ُم َقَّر‬ َ‫أ‬
angel brought near, nor any Prophet
sent as a Messenger. ‫ُم ْر َس ٌل؛‬
The proof is the saying of Allah (the
Most High):
َِِّ ‫اج ىد‬
ِ ‫ىن الْمس‬ ِ
{The places of worship are for ‫َ فىلى‬ ‫{ ىوأ َّ ى ى‬:‫يل قَ ْولُهُ تَ َع َاَل‬
ُ ‫َوالدَّل‬
Allah alone, so do not invoke
}ً‫ىحدا‬ َِّ ‫تى ْدعوا مع‬
anyone along with Allah} [72: 18] ‫اَ أ ى‬ ‫ُ ىى‬
The third: Whoever is obedient to
َ‫ َوَو َّح َد هللا‬،‫ول‬
َ ‫الر ُس‬ َ َ‫َن َم ْن أَط‬
َّ ‫اع‬ َّ ‫ أ‬:ُ‫الثَّالِثىة‬
the Messenger and worships Allah
upon Tawheed, it is not permissible ‫ َولَ ْو‬،ُ‫اد هللاَ َوَر ُسولَه‬
َّ ‫وز لَهُ ُم َواالةُ َم ْن َح‬
ُ ُ‫ال ََي‬
for him to have love and alliance for
those who oppose Allah and His ‫يب‬ ٍ ‫ب قَ ِر‬ َ ‫َكا َن أَقْ َر‬
Messenger, even if they are those
‫يل قَ ْولُهُ تَ َع َاَل‬ ِ
most closely related to him. The
proof is His saying: {You will not
ُ ‫َوالدَّل‬
find a people who believe in Allah
ِ ‫َ والْي وِم‬
ِ ِ
ْ ‫{الى ىَِت ُد قى ْوماً يُ ْؤمنُو ىن ِِب َّ ى ى‬
and the Last Day loving those who
oppose Allah and His Messenger,
‫اآلخ ِر‬
even if they are their fathers, or ‫اَى ىوىر ُ ولىهُ ىولى ْو ىكانُوا‬ َّ ‫اد‬ َّ ‫يُ ىوادُّو ىن ىم ْن ىح‬
their sons, or their brothers, or
their kinsfolk. Allah has decreed ‫اءه ْم أ ْىو إِ ْخ ىوانى ُه ْم أ ْىو‬
ُ ‫آِب ىء ُه ْم أ ْىو أىبْنى‬ ‫ى‬
true Belief for their hearts, and
‫ب ِِف قُلُوِبِِ ُم ا ِإلَمىا ىن‬ ‫ريتى ُه ْم أ ُْولىئِ ى‬ ِ
strengthened them with guidance ‫ك ىكتى ى‬ ‫ىعش ى‬
ٍ ‫وح ِم ْنهُ وي ْد ِخلُهم جن‬
‫َّات ىَتْ ِري‬ ‫ىوأىيَّ ىد ُهم بِ ُر ٍ ى ُ ُ ْ ى‬
from Him; and He will enter them
into the gardens of Paradise
َّ ‫ض ىي‬ ِ ‫ِمن ىَتْتِ ىها األىنْ ىهار ىخالِ ِدين ِف ىيها ر‬
beneath whose trees rivers will َُ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ى‬ ُ
flow, and they will dwell therein ِ
‫اَ أىالى‬َّ ‫ب‬ ِ ِ
forever. Allah is pleased with them ُ ‫ك ح ْز‬ ‫ضوا ىع ْنهُ أ ُْولىئ ى‬ ُ ‫ىع ْن ُه ْم ىوىر‬
and they with Him. They are the {‫اَ ُه ُم ال ُْم ْف ِل ُحو ىن‬ َِّ ‫إِ َّن ِحزب‬
party of Allah. Indeed the party of ‫ْى‬
Allah are the successful} [52:18]

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Know, may Allah

have mercy on you,
indeed it is
obligatory upon The author supplicates for the student in his
every Muslim man treatise three times; at the beginning of the
and woman to study treatise; when he mentioned the ‘Three
these three points important points regarding Tawheed’ and finally
and to act upon when he says: “Know, may Allah guide you to His
them… obedience that Haneefiyyah is the way of
Ibraheem…"

What is the meaning of Tawheed?

Linguistically: To single Islamically: To single out Allah in every

something out and to make matter which is exclusive to Him,
it one. including: attributes of Lordship; His right
to Worship; and His Names and Attributes.

Tawheed has three categories

1. Tawheed Ar-Ruboobiyyah: To single out Allah in His actions or to

affirm He is the only Creator, Owner, and Controller of everything.

2. Tawheed Al-Uloohiyyah: To single out Allah with every act of

worship.

3. Tawheed Al-Asmaa was-Siffaat: To affirm every name, attribute

and action which Allah or His Messenger has affirmed for Himself
and to negate whatever He has negated from Himself: without
distorting the meanings, negating the meanings, describing their
reality or likening Him to creation.

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The First Point: Allah has created us, provides for us, and He has not left us
without a purpose; rather, He has sent to us a messenger. Whoever obeys
him, will enter Paradise and whoever disobeys him, will enter the Fire. (1)

The proof is the saying of Allah:

{Indeed We have sent a messenger to be a witness over you, as We
have sent a Messenger to the Pharaoh. However, the Pharaoh
disobeyed the Messenger; so We seized him with a severe punishment}
[73:15-16]

(1) In the first point, the author - may Allah have mercy on him - affirms Tawheed
Ar-Ruboobiyyah and Tawheed Al-Asmaa Was-Siffaat. He said:

"…Allah has created us" so He is the Creator

"…and provides for us" so He is the Provider

"…and He has not left us purposeless" He set an objective for us and legislated
commands and prohibitions
"…rather He has sent us a Messenger" This Messenger was Muhammad (sal
Allahu alayhi wa sallam) who must be followed in worshipping Allah.

Allah sent messengers for two primary objectives

To establish the proof upon As a mercy to mankind.

creation.
Allah said:
Allah said: {We do not punish {We have not sent you except
anyone until we send a as a mercy to everything that
Messenger} exists}

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The Second Point: Allah is not pleased that anyone is associated with Him
in His worship; not a close angel nor a sent Messenger.

The proof is the saying of Allah:

{The Masaajid (places of worship) most certainly belong to Allah, so
do not supplicate to anyone besides Allah} [72:18]

This affirms that worship is for Allah alone.

The word "anyone" is indefinite so it includes everyone and everything -

prophets, righteous people, jinn, angels, idols – none has the right to be
worshipped except Allah.

The proof is the saying of Allah, the Most High:

{The Masaajid most certainly belong to Allah, so do not supplicate to
anyone besides Allah}

In the above Aayah, the word “Masaajid” has three meanings

The mosques The body parts The entire earth – due to the
which are built to Hadeeth: "The earth has been
we prostrate
worship Allah in made for me a Masjid (place
them. with. of prayer) and purification”

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The Third Point: Whoever obeys
the Messenger and singles Allah
out with all worship, it is not
permissible for him to have
loyalty to those who oppose
Allah and His Messenger; even if
they are from the closest
relatives. The proof is the saying
of Allah the Most High:
{You will not find anyone who
believes in Allah and the Last
Day, making friendship with
those who oppose Allah and
His Messenger even if they are
their fathers, sons, brothers,
or relatives.
For such He has written Imaan
in their hearts, and
strengthened them with
guidance from Himself. He
will admit them to Gardens
under which rivers flow to
live in it forever. Allah is
pleased with them, and they
with Him. They are the Party
of Allah. Verily, it is the Party
of Allah that will be
successful} [58:22]
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The third point in relation to Tawheed
is the importance of distancing one’s
self from Shirk and its people.
This has to be in three ways:
1. Heart
We hate the Mushrikeen and their
celebrations; especially their Shirk and
innovations in the religion due to them
associating partners in worship with
Allah.
2. Speech
{Say: 'O disbelievers, I don't
worship that which you worship
and you don't worship the One
whom I worship. I will not worship
that which you worship and you
will not worship that which I
worship. For you is your religion
and for me is mine} [Soorah Al-
Kaafiroon]
3. Actions
By not participating in their festivals,
celebrations, dances, clothing, plays or
beliefs.
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The concept of loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’) and its

importance

Loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’) is one of the basic

principles of Tawheed (affirmation of the oneness of Allah)
Loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’) is one of the basic principles of
Tawheed and is proven in both wording and meaning

Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They
are [in fact] allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you -
then indeed, he is [one] of them. Indeed, Allah guides not the wrongdoing people.

So you see those in whose hearts is disease hastening into [association with]
them, saying, ‘We are afraid a misfortune may strike us.’ But perhaps Allah will
bring conquest or a decision from Him, and they will become, over what they
have been concealing within themselves, regretful.

And those who believe will say, ‘Are these the ones who swore by Allah their
strongest oaths that indeed they were with you?’ Their deeds have become
worthless, and they have become losers.

O you who have believed, whoever of you should revert from his religion - Allah
will bring forth [in place of them] a people He will love and who will love Him [who
are] humble toward the believers, powerful against the disbelievers; they strive in
the cause of Allah and do not fear the blame of a critic. That is the favor of Allah;
He bestows it upon whom He wills. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing

Your ally is none but Allah and [therefore] His Messenger and those who have
believed - those who establish prayer and give zakah, and they bow [in worship].

And whoever is an ally of Allah and His Messenger and those who have believed -
indeed, the party of Allah - they will be the predominant”

[al-Ma’idah 5:51-56]

“And [mention, O Muhammad], when Abraham said to his father and his people,
‘Indeed, I am disassociated from that which you worship,

Except for He who created me; and indeed, He will guide me’”

[az-Zukhruf 43:26-27]

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“There has already been for you an excellent pattern in Abraham and those with
him, when they said to their people, ‘Indeed, we are disassociated from you and
from whatever you worship other than Allah . We have denied you, and there has
appeared between us and you animosity and hatred forever until you believe in
Allah alone’”

[al-Mumtahinah 60:4].

And there are other verses which speak of the obligation to take the believers as
allies and friends, and prohibit taking the disbelievers as such, and speak of the
obligation to disavow them and what they worship.

Ahmad (22132) narrated from Mu‘adh that he asked the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) about the best of faith, and he said:
“The best of faith is to love for the sake of Allah and hate for the sake of Allah,
and to keep your tongue busy in mentioning Him.” Shu‘ayb al-Arna’oot said: It is
saheeh because of corroborating evidence.

At-Tabaraani narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “The strongest bond of
faith is taking believers as allies and friends for the sake of Allah and to regard
disbelievers as enemies for the sake of Allah, to love for the sake of Allah and
hate for the sake of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted.” Classed as saheeh by
al-Albani in Saheeh al-Jaami‘ as-Sagheer, no. 2539.

The concept of loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’)

Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: Please could you
explain the concept of loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’): to whom does it
apply and is it permissible to take the disbelievers as allies and friends?

He replied: what is meant by loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’) is loving

the believers and taking them as allies and friends, and hating the disbelievers,
regarding them as enemies and disavowing them and their religion. This is what
is meant by loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’), as Allah, may He be
glorified, says in Soorat al-Mumtahinah (interpretation of the meaning):

“There has already been for you an excellent pattern in Abraham and those with
him, when they said to their people, ‘Indeed, we are disassociated from you and
from whatever you worship other than Allah . We have denied you, and there has
appeared between us and you animosity and hatred forever until you believe in
Allah alone’”

[al-Mumtahinah 60:4].

Hating them and regarding them as enemies does not mean that you should
mistreat them or transgress against them if they are not in a state of war with the

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Muslims. Rather what it means is hating them in your heart and regarding them
as enemies in your heart, and not taking them as friends. But you should not
offend them, harm them or mistreat them. If they greet you, then return their
greeting, advise them sincerely and direct them to do good, as Allah, may He be
glorified and exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“And do not argue with the People of the Scripture except in a way that is best,
except for those who commit injustice among them”

[al-‘Ankaboot 29:46].

The People of the Scripture are the Jews and Christians, and other disbelievers
who have been granted security, or have a peace treaty with the Muslims, or are
living under Muslim rule. But whoever among them commits injustice is to be
punished for his injustice and wrongdoing, otherwise what is prescribed for the
believer is to argue with them in the way that is best, with both the Muslims and
the disbelievers, whilst hating them for the sake of Allah, because of the verse
quoted above.

End quote from Majmoo‘ Fataawa Ibn Baaz (5/246).

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: What is
loyalty and disavowal (al-wala’ wa’l-bara’)?

Answer: Disavowal and loyalty for the sake of Allah, may He be glorified, means
that a person disavows everything that Allah disavowed, as He, may He be
glorified and exalted) says (interpretation of the meaning):

“There has already been for you an excellent pattern in Abraham and those with
him, when they said to their people, ‘Indeed, we are disassociated from you and
from whatever you worship other than Allah . We have denied you, and there has
appeared between us and you animosity and hatred forever’”

[al-Mumtahinah 60:4].

This is applicable with polytheists who associate others with Allah, as He, may He
be exalted) says (interpretation of the meaning):

“And [it is] an announcement from Allah and His Messenger to the people on the
day of the greater pilgrimage that Allah is disassociated from the disbelievers,
and [so is] His Messenger”

[at-Tawbah 9:3].

So every believer must disavow every polytheist and disbeliever. This is with
regard to people.

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Similarly, the Muslim must disavow every deed that is not pleasing to Allah and
His Messenger, even if it does not constitute disbelief, such as evildoing and sin,
as Allah (may He be glorified, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“but Allah has endeared to you the faith and has made it pleasing in your hearts
and has made hateful to you disbelief, defiance and disobedience. Those are the
[rightly] guided”

[al-Hujuraat 49:7].

End quote from Fataawa Arkaan al-Islam, p. 183.

Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan (may Allah preserve him) said in Sharh Nawaqid al-
Islam (p. 158): The Shaykh (may Allah have mercy on him) referred to one type of
becoming allies with the disbelievers, which is supporting them, otherwise taking
them as allies includes loving them in one’s heart, supporting them against the
Muslims, praising them and so on, because Allah, may He be glorified and
exalted, has commanded the Muslims to regard the disbelievers as enemies, hate
them and disavow them. This is what is called, in Islam, loyalty and disavowal (al-
wala’ wa’l-bara’). End quote.

The connection between the Kharijites and the phrase “loyalty and disavowal (al-
wala’ wa’l-bara’)”

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