TECHNICAL DRAWING

ENGINEERING DRAWING

INTRODUCTION TO SECTIONING
CREATED BY
COURTNEY A. VASSELL, M.ED., B.ED.(HONS.), TEACH. DIP.
PRESENTED BY
MRS. C. MORRIS-SALMON
 WHAT ARE SECTIONAL
VIEWS?
A SECTION VIEW IS AN ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION VIEW DRAWN TO REVEAL INTERNAL OR
HIDDEN FEATURES IN AN OBJECT. SECTION VIEWS ARE USED TO SUPPLEMENT STANDARD
ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS IN ORDER TO COMPLETELY DESCRIBE AN OBJECT.

THE LINE THAT CUTS THE OBJECT IS CALLED A “CUTTING PLANE LINE,” AND CAN BE DONE IN
MANY WAYS.

NORMALLY LABELLED
A – A, B – B ETC.
THIS DIAGRAM SHOWS A TYPICAL SECTION OF A COMPONENT. NOTE THE
IMAGINARY “CUTTING PLANE” AND THE CUTTING PLANE LINE A – A.
 STANDARDS FOR SECTIONING
SECTIONS ARE NOT DONE TO EVERY ENGINEERING FEATURE. THIS IS PRIMARILY BECAUSE IF
DONE, THEY WILL LOSE THEIR IDENTITY OR CREATE A WRONG IMPRESSION. HERE ARE SOME
ITEMS ARE NEVER SHOWN SECTIONED:

NUTS AND BOLTS KEYS

STUDS PINS
SCREWS GEAR TEETH
SHAFTS BALL BEARINGS AND BALL RACES
WEBS ROLLER BEARINGS AND ROLLER RACES
STANDARDS CONT’D
STANDARDS CONT’D
❑ SECTION LINES ARE TO BE DRAWN AT 45° AND EQUALLY SPACED

❑ WHERE TWO DIFFERENT MATERIALS ARE JOINED TOGETHER,

THEY SHOULD BE SECTIONED IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS

❑ SECTION LINES SHOULD NEVER BE DRAWN PERPENDICULAR OR PARALLEL TO OBJECT LINES

STANDARDS CONT’D
I F A TAPPED HOLE IS SECTIONED, AND
NO SCREW IS INSERTED

THE THREADED REGION SHOULD BE SECTIONED.

IF A TAPPED HOLE IS SECTIONED, AND

NO SCREW IS INSERTED

THE THREADED REGION SHOULD BE SECTIONED.

 TYPES OF SECTIONS
THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF SECTIONS USED IN ENGINEERING DRAWING. EACH TYPE OF
SECTION IS USED TO CONVEY FEATURES OF THE OBJECT FOR GREATER CLARITY. BELOW ARE
SOME TYPES OF SECTION AND HOW EACH IS
HALF SECTION
 TYPES OF SECTIONS
OFFSET SECTION
IN SECTIONING IRREGULAR OBJECTS, WE MAY SHOW FEATURES THAT DO NOT LIE IN A STRAIGHT LINE BY OFFSETTING, OR BENDING THE
CUTTING PLANE. SUCH A SECTION IS CALLED AN OFFSET SECTION
 TYPES OF SECTIONS
ALIGNED SECTION
TO INCLUDE IN A SECTION CERTAIN ANGLED FEATURES, THE CUTTING PLANE MAY BE BENT TO
PASS THROUGH THOSE FEATURES. THE PLANE AND FEATURES ARE THEN IMAGINED TO REVOLVED
INTO THE ORIGINAL PLANE.
 TYPES OF SECTIONS
REVOLVED SECTIONS
THE SHAPE OF THE CROSS-SECTION OF A BAR, ARM, SPOKE, OR OTHER ELONGATED OBJECT MAY BE SHOWN BY MEANS OF A
REVOLVED SECTION.