Chapter 8

Applications of Definite Integrals

PYQ

1. Using integration find the area

𝑥2 𝑦2
enclosed by the ellipse + = 1.
9 4
(4)[2023 March]
Ans.

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑎
+ =1 Area of the region = 4 ∫ √𝑎 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
9 4
0
𝑦2 𝑥2 2
=1− ⇒ y = √9 − 𝑥 2 ⁡
4 9 3 𝑎
𝑥 𝑎2 −1 𝑥
⁡= 4 [ √𝑎 − 𝑥 + sin ⁡ ]
2 2
3 2 2 𝑎 0
Required Area = 4 × ∫ ydx 𝑎 𝑎2 −1 𝑎
0 ⁡= 4 [ √𝑎 − 𝑎 + sin ⁡ − 0]
2 2

3
2 2 𝑎
2 2
= 4⋅∫ √9 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥3 𝑎
0 3 ⁡= 4 [ sin−1 ⁡1]
2
0
8 𝑥 9sin−1 𝑎2 𝜋
= [ √9 − 𝑥 +
2 𝑥/3] ⁡= 4 ⋅ ,
3 2 2 2 2
⁡= 𝜋𝑎2 sq. units
2
8 9 −1
= [(0 + sin ⁡1) − 0]
3 2
3. The area bounded by the curve y = 𝑥 3
between 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥-axis is
= 6𝜋 sq.units
1
(a)
4
2. Find the area enclosed by the circle (b) 1
3
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 . (c)
2
(4)[2023 Model] (d) 2
Ans. (1)[2022 July]

Ans. a 𝟏/𝟒

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4. Find the area enclosed by the circle 6. Find the area of the region bounded by
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25 using integration. 𝑦 2 = 9𝑥, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = 4 and the 𝑥 axis in
the first quadrant.
(4) [2022 July]
Ans. (4)[2022 March]

Ans.

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
𝑦 2 = 25 − 𝑥 2
𝑦 = √25 − 𝑥 2
5
Area = 4 × ∫ ⁡ √25 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

𝑥 25 −1 𝑥 5 4 4
⁡= 4 [ √25 − 𝑥 + 2 sin ⁡ ] ⁡ Required Area ⁡= ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 3√𝑥𝑑𝑥
2 2 50
2 2
25 5 4
⁡= 4 [ sin−1 ⁡ ] 𝑥
3
2
2 5
⁡= 3 [ ]
25 −1 2
⁡= 4 × sin ⁡(1) 2
2
25 𝜋 ⁡= 16 − 4√2
⁡= 4 × ×
2 2
⁡= 25𝜋
7.
i. Area of the shaded region in the
figure is equal to
5. The area bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 2𝑥
between 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 2 and 𝑥 axis is ...... 𝑑
(a) ∫c 𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑑
(1)[2022 March] (b) ∫𝑐 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑦
𝑑
(c) ∫𝑐 𝑓(𝑦)𝑑𝑦
Ans. d
(d) ∫𝑐 f(𝑥)d𝑥
2 2 2
𝑥
∫ 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 = [2 ⋅ ] = [𝑥 2 ]20 = 4
0 2 0

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 4
ii. Find the area of the region
bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 ⁡= ∫ √𝑥𝑑𝑥
1
axis, 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 4. 2 3/2 4
⁡= [𝑥 ]1
iii. Find the area bounded by the 3
2
curve 𝑦 = cos⁡𝑥, 𝑥-axis, between ⁡= [43/2 − 13/2 ]
𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 𝜋. 3
2
⁡= [23 − 1]
3
2
(𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑𝟎[𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟏𝐈𝐦𝐩] ⁡= × 7
3
Ans. 14
⁡=
3
𝑑 (ii)
i. d ∫𝑐 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥.
𝑏 4
ii. area = ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫1 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
4
𝑥3 63
=( ) =
3 1 3
iii. Required area =
𝜋/2
2 ∫0 cos⁡𝑥𝑑𝑥

𝜋/2
= 2[sin⁡𝑥]0
𝑦2 = 𝑥
𝜋 𝑥2 = 𝑦
= 2 [sin⁡ − sin⁡0] = 2 𝑥2 = 𝑦
2
∴ the intersecting, point is (1,1)
8.
(i) Find the area of the region ∴ Required Area
bounded by the curve 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 1

and the lines 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 4 = ∫ [𝑓(𝑥) − 𝑔(𝑥)]𝑑𝑥

0
and the 𝑥-axis. (3) 𝑦 2 = 𝑥𝑥 2 = 𝑦
𝑦 = √𝑥
(ii) Find the area of the region
𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 ∴ 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
bounded by two parabolas 𝑦 =
𝑥 2 and 𝑦 2 = 𝑥. 1
∴ Area = ∫ (√𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
0
1
(3)[2021 March] 2 3 𝑛3
= [ 𝑥2 − ]
3 3 0
Ans. 2 1
= −
4 3 3
(i) Required area = ∫1 𝑦𝑑𝑥 1
=
3

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 10.
9. (a) Find the area bounded by the curve
(a) Area bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 𝑦 = sin⁡𝑥 and the lines 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 =
𝑓(𝑥), the 𝑥 axis and the lines 𝑥 = 2𝜋, ⁡ and 𝑥 axis.
𝑎 and 𝑥 = 𝑏 is (b) Two fences are in a grass field as
shown in the figure. A cow is tied
i. ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑦 at the point 0 with a rope of length
ii. ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 3 m.
𝑏
iii. ∫1 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦
i. Using integration, find the
iv. ∫ 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 maximum area of grass that cow
can graze within the fences.
(b) From the following figure, find Choose 0 as origin. (4)
the area of the region bounded by
the curves 𝑦 = sin⁡𝑥, 𝑦 = cos⁡𝑥 ii. If there is no fences find the
𝜋
and 𝑥 axis as 𝑥 varies from 0 to maximum area of grass that cow
2
can graze? (1)

(3)[MARCH 2020] [March 2019]

Ans.
𝑏
a. Area = ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥

𝜋/2
= 4∫0 sin⁡𝑥𝑑𝑥
Ans.
𝜋/2
𝑏 = 4(−cos⁡𝑥)0 =4×1=4
(a) (ii) ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥
𝜋
(b) Area = ∫0 sin⁡𝑥𝑑𝑥 +
4 b.
𝜋 𝜋 i. The Area the cow grazes in the
2 4
∫ cos⁡𝑥𝑑𝑥 = [−cos⁡𝑥]0 +
𝜋 sector of the circle with radius 3
4
𝜋
𝜋
and centered at origin.
2
[sin⁡𝑥] = −cos⁡ − cos⁡0 +
𝜋
4
4
𝜋 𝜋 1 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 9 ⇒ 𝑦 = √9 − 𝑥 2
sin⁡ − sin⁡ = − +1+1−
2 4 √2
1
= 2 − √2
√2

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 (b) Here the slope of the line is 3 and
𝑏 3
passes through the origin. So its
Area = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫ √9 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 equation is 𝑦 = 3𝑥.
𝑎 0
𝑥 9 −1 𝑥 3 2 2
√ 2
⁡= [ 9 − 𝑥 + sin ⁡( )]
2 2 3 0 Area = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 3𝑥𝑑𝑥
9 3 1 1
⁡= 0 + sin−1 ⁡( ) − 0 − 0
2 3 2
𝑥2
9 −1 9𝜋 ⁡= 3 ( )
2 1
= sin ⁡(1) =
2 4 4 1 9
⁡= 3 ( − ) =
ii. The required area is area inside 2 2 2
9𝜋
the full circle = 4 × = 9𝜋
4

11. 12. Find the area of the region bounded by

(a) Area bounded by the curve 𝑦 = the curve 𝑦 2 = 𝑥, 𝑥 axis and the line
𝑓(𝑥) and the lines 𝑥 = 𝑎, 𝑥 = 𝑏 and 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 4.
the 𝑥 axis is
(3)[March 2018]
i. ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑦
𝑏 Ans.
ii. ∫1 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦
4
𝑏
iii. ∫= 𝑦𝑑𝑥 (i) Required area = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥
iv. ∫ 𝑦 𝑏 𝑑𝑥 (1) 4
1

⁡= ∫ √𝑥𝑑𝑥
(b) Find the area of the shaded region 1
using integration. 2
⁡= [𝑥 3/2 ]14
3
(2)[March 2019] 2
⁡= [43/2 − 13/2 ]
3
2 2 14
⁡= [8 − 1] = (7) =
3 3 3

Ans.

𝑏
(a) ∫𝑎 𝑥𝑑𝑦

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 Equation AC is 𝑦 = 2(𝑥 − 1)
13. Equation 𝐵𝐶 is 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥
1
(i). Find the area enclosed between Equation AB is 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 1)
2
the curve 𝑦 2 = 𝑥, 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 4
and 𝑥-axis.
(ii). Using integration, find the area
of the region bounded by the
triangle whose vertices are
(1,0), (2,2) and (3,1).

(3)[2018 March]

Ans.

(i).

14. Consider the following figure.

4 4
Area = ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = ∫ √𝑥𝑑𝑥
1 1
2 3 4 2 3 3
⁡= [𝑥 2 ] = [42 − 12 ]
3 1 3
2 14
⁡= [8 − 1] =
3 3
(ii). (a) Find the point of intersection P of
the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 50 and the
line 𝑦 = 𝑥. (1)

(b) Find the area of the shaded region

(3)[2018 March]

Ans.

(a) Pont of intersection is

𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 = 50 ⇒ 𝑥 2 = 25
Required area △ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 = Area △ 𝐴𝐵2
+Area 2𝐵𝐶3 - Area △ 𝐴𝐶3 ⇒ 𝑥 = ±5; 𝑦 = ±5

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 Point 𝑃 is (5,5) We have, 𝑥 2 = 4𝑎𝑦 and 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥
2
(b) Required area 𝑥2
𝑥=( ) ⁡⇒ 16𝑎2 𝑥 − 𝑥 4 = 0
4𝑎
⁡⇒ 𝑥 (16𝑎2 − 𝑥 3 ) = 0
⁡⇒ 𝑥 = 0,4𝑎
When 𝑥 = 4a, 𝑦 = 4a and 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0.
Therefore the point is (0,0) and (4𝑎, 4𝑎).

15.
(i). The area bounded by 𝑦 =
2cos⁡𝑥, the 𝑥. axis from 𝑥 = 0
𝜋
to 𝑥 = is
2
16. Using the given figure answer the
(a) 0 following questions.
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) -1

(ii). Find the area of the region

bounded by the 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥 and
𝑥 2 = 4𝑎𝑦, 𝑎 > 0

(3)[March 2017]
Ans.
(i). Define the equation of the given curve.
(i). (c) 2 (ii). Find the area of the enclosed region.
(ii). (iii). Find the area when 𝑎 = 10 and 𝑏 = 5.

(𝟏 + 𝟑
+ 𝟑)[ March 2017, Say 2015, March 2011]

Ans.

(i). The figure represents an ellipse with

𝑥2 𝑦2
equation 2
+ = 1.
𝑎 𝑏2

𝑥2 𝑦2
(ii). We have, 2
+ =1
𝑎 𝑏2

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 𝑥2 (b) Find the area of the circle 𝑥 2 +
⁡⇒ 𝑦 2 = 𝑏 2 (1 − ). 𝑦 2 = 4 using integration.
𝑎2
𝑏
⁡⇒ 𝑦 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 (3)[March 2016]
𝑎
Ans.
Ellipse is symmetric w.r.t coordinate 𝑏
axies. Therefore the area of the (a) (iv) ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥
enclosed region is same as four times
area enclosed by the curve in first
quadrant.

∴ Required area =

(b) Area of the shaded region =

2
∫0 𝑦𝑑𝑥
2
= ∫ √4 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
0

𝑥 4 −1 𝑥 2
⁡= [ √4 − 𝑥 + sin ⁡ ]
2
2 2 20
(iii). Area (when 𝑎 = 10, 𝑏 = 5 ) = 2 𝜋
⁡= [2sin−1 ⁡ ] = 2sin−1 ⁡(1) = 2 = 𝜋
𝜋10 × 5 = 50𝜋 2 2
Therefore the required are = 4𝜋

17.
18. Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| +
(a) The area bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 1; 𝑔(𝑥) = 1 − |𝑥|
𝑓(𝑥), above the 𝑥-axis, between
𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑥 = 𝑏 is (a) Sketch the graph and shade the
enclosed region between them.
𝑏
(i). ∫f(a) 𝑦𝑑𝑦 (b) Find the area of the shaded region.
𝑓(𝑏)
(ii). ∫𝑎 𝑥𝑑𝑥 (𝟐 + 𝟐)[ March 2015]
𝑏
(iii). ∫a 𝑥𝑑𝑦
𝑏
(iv). ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥(1)

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 Ans. 3−𝑥 2
𝑥2 4 ( 3 )
⇒ + =1
(a) 9 4
𝑥 2 9 − 6𝑥 + 𝑥 2
⇒ + =1
9 9

⇒ 2𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 9 ⇒ 2𝑥(𝑥 − 3)

= 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 0,3⁡

When 𝑥 = 0 ⇒ 𝑦 = 2 When 𝑥 = 3 ⇒
𝑦=
(b) The equation of the line through
𝐴𝐵 is 3−3
1−0 2( ) = 0 The intersection points are
3
𝑦−0= (𝑥 − 1) ⇒ 𝑦 = −1(𝑥 − 1)
0−1
⁡⇒ 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 1 (0,2) and (3,0)

Area of the shaded region

(b)
1 1
−𝑥
= 4 ∫ (−𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥 = 4 ( + 𝑥) = 2
0 2 0

𝑥2 𝑦2
19. Consider the ellipse + = 1 and
9 4
𝑥 𝑦
the line + = 1.
3 2

(a) Find the points where the line

intersects the ellipse?
(b) Shade the smaller region bounded (c) Area =
by the ellipse and the line.
(c) Find the area of the shaded region.

(𝟐 + 𝟐 + 𝟐)[ Say 2014]

Ans.
𝑥 𝑦 𝑦 𝑥
(a) Solving + = 1 ⇒ =1− ⇒
3 2 2 3

3 − 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑦2
𝑦 = 2( ) + =1
3 9 4

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20. Consider the following figure:

(i). Find the point of Intersection P

of the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 32 and
the line 𝑦 = 𝑥.
(ii). Find the area of the shaded
region.

21.

(3)[March 2013,14]
Using the above figure
Ans. (i). Find the equation of .AB (1)
(ii). Find the point P. (2)
(i). 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 = 32 ⇒ 2𝑥 2 = 32 ⇒ (iii). Find the area of the shaded
𝑥 2 = 16 = 4 region by integration.
Therefore the point of
intersection 𝑃 is (4,4). (3)[Say 2013]

(ii). We have 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 32 ⇒ 𝑦 = Ans.

√32 − 𝑥 2 .
(i). The equation of a line passing
𝑥 𝑦
through (0,2) and (3,0) is + =
3 2
1 ⇒ 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6.
(ii). Solving (1) and 𝑦 = 𝑥 we get; ⇒
6
2𝑥 + 3𝑥 = 6 ⇒ 5𝑥 = 6 ⇒ 𝑥 =
5
6 6 6
and 𝑦 = ⇒ ( , )
5 5 5
6/5
(iii). Area = ∫0 𝑥𝑑𝑥 +
3 6−2𝑥
∫6/5 ( ) 𝑑𝑥
3

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 6/5 (1+3+2)[Say 2012]
𝑥2 1
= [ ] + [6𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ]36/5
2 0 3
Ans.
36 1 36 36
= [ ] + [18 − 9 − + ]
50 3 5 25 𝑑
(i). ∫𝑐 𝑓(𝑦)𝑑𝑦
18 1 36 36
= [ ] + [9 − + ]
25 3 5 25
18 12 12
= [ ] + [3 − + ]
25 5 25
18 + 75 − 60 + 12
=[ ]
25

45 9
=[ ]=
25 5
4
(ii). Area = 2 ∫1 𝑓 (𝑦)𝑑𝑦

22. 4
(i). Area of the shaded portion in the = 2 ∫ √𝑦𝑑𝑥
figure is equal to 1

𝑐 2 3 4 4 3 3
(a) ∫𝑑 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 2 × [𝑦 2 ] = [42 − 12 ]
𝑑 3 1 3
(b) ∫𝑐 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥𝑑
𝑐
(c) ∫𝑑 𝑓(𝑦)𝑑𝑦 4 28
⁡= [8 − 1] =
𝑑 3 3
(d) ∫𝑐 𝑓(𝑦)𝑑𝑦
23. Find the area enclosed between the
(ii). 2
Consider the curves 𝑦 = 𝑥 , 𝑥 = curve 𝑥 2 = 4𝑦 and the line 𝑥 = 4𝑦 − 2
0, 𝑦 = 1, 𝑦 = 4. Draw a rough
sketch and shade the region (𝟒) [Say 2011]
bounded by these curves, Find
area of the shaded region. Ans.

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 The point of intersection of 𝑥 2 = 4𝑦
and

𝑥 = 4𝑦 − 2 is ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 2
⁡⇒ 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0 ⇒ (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 1) = 0 2
⁡⇒ 𝑥 = −1,2 (ii). Area = 4 ∫0 𝑦𝑑𝑥

The required area is 2

𝑥2
2 1
4 ∫ √9 (1 − ) 𝑑𝑥
∫−1 (𝑥 + 2) − (𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
1
0 4
4 4 2
= 6 ∫ √(4 − 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥
1 2 0
= ∫ 𝑥 + 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
4 −1 𝑥 4 −1 𝑥 2
= 6 [ √4 − 𝑥 + sin ⁡ ]
2

2
2 2 20
1 𝑥2 𝑥3 6 𝜋
⁡= [ + 2𝑥 − ] = 6[0 + 2 sin−1 1 − 0] = [2 ]
4 2 3 −1 2 2
= 6𝜋
1 4 8 1 1
⁡= [ + 4 − − + 2 − ]
4 2 3 2 3 25.
1 8 1 1
⁡= [8 − − − ] (i). The area bounded by the curve 𝑦 =
4 3 2 3 𝑓(𝑥)
1 48 − 16 − 3 − 2 27 9 (ii). Find the area enclosed between the
⁡= [ ]= =
4 6 24 8 Parabola 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 and the straight
line 2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3 = 0

24. (3)[2010 March]

(i). Draw the rough sketch of Ans.
𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1 𝑏 𝑏
4 9 (i). ∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥 or ∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
(ii).
(ii). Find the area bounded by the
above curve using integration.

(2+2)[Say 2011]

Ans.

(i). The curve is an ellipse

The point of intersection of 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 and

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 2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3 = 0 is ⇒ 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3
⁡⇒ 2𝑥 + 3 = 𝑥 2 ⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0
⁡⇒ (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 1) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = −1,3

Hence points are (3,9) and (−1,1). (ii).

3
The required area is ∫−1 (2𝑥 + 3 − 2 4
𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 Area ⁡= ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑥 + ∫ √16 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
0 2
3 3 2 4
𝑥
2
= [𝑥 + 3𝑥 − ] ⁡= ∫ √3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ √16 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
3 −1 0 2

2
1 32 𝑥2 𝑥 16 −1 𝑥 4
= [9 + 9 − 9 − (1 − 3 + )] = √ 2
= √3 [ ] + [ 16 − 𝑥 + sin ⁡ ]
3 3 2 0 2 2 42

1
= 2√3 + [8sin−1 ⁡1 − √12 − 8sin−1 ⁡ ]
26. Consider the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16 and 2
the straight line 𝑦 = √3𝑥 as shown in 𝜋 𝜋
the figure = 2√3 + [8 − 2√3 − 8 ]
2 6
4𝜋 8𝜋
(i). Find the points 𝐴 and 𝐵 as = 4𝜋 − =
3 3
shown in the figure. 2 4
(ii). Find the area of the shaded ⁡= ∫ √3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ √16 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
region in the figure using 0 2
2 2
definite integral. 𝑥 𝑥 16 𝑥 4
⁡= √3 [ ] + [ √16 − 𝑥 2 + sin−1 ⁡ ]
2 0 2 2 42
1
⁡= 2√3 + [8sin−1 ⁡1 − √12 − 8sin−1 ⁡ ]
2
𝜋 𝜋 4𝜋 8𝜋
⁡= 2√3 + [8 − 2√3 − 8 ] = 4𝜋 − =
2 6 3 3

(𝟐 + 𝟒)[ Say 2010]

Ans.

(i). The point of intersection of 𝑥 2 +

𝑦 2 = 16 and 𝑦 = √3𝑥 is

⇒ 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 2 = 16

⇒ 4𝑥 2 = 16 ⇒ 𝑥 = ±2
Hence points are 𝐴(4,0) and 𝐵(2,2√3)

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