Kimberlie Joy S.

Zabala

Statistics
The primary objective of the mathematical discipline known as
statistics is the study of collecting, organizing, analyzing,
interpreting, and presenting data.

BRANCHES OF STATISTICS
Descriptive Statistics
It involves methods of organizing,
summarizing, and presenting data in an
informative way. It helps to describe and
understand the features of a specific data
set.
Inferential Statistics
It involves making inferences or predictions
about a population based on a sample of data.
It uses the information gathered from a
sample to make generalizations or predictions
about a larger group.

Kinds of Data
Quantitative data is numerical data
Qualitative data is descriptive data that is
that can be measured and counted. It
categorical in nature. It describes qualities
represents quantities and can be used
or characteristics and cannot be measured
to perform mathematical calculations.
in numerical terms. (Colors, Emotions,
(Heights, Weights, Ages, Test scores,
Names, Shapes, Textures)
Number of items

Variables
Variables are characteristics or
properties that can take on different
values.

Qualitative vs Quantitative Levels of

Measurement
Qualitative variables represent characteristics.
Nominal Interval
Quantitative variables represent numerical
values. Ordinal Ratio

Descriptive Descriptive statistics are used to

Statistics
describe the basic features of the data.

Frequency Percentage Cross Grouped and

Distribution Distribution Tabulations Ungrouped
Data
shows the number shows the used to show the Data can be
of occurrences of percentage of relationship presented in
each value. occurrences of between two grouped or
each value variables. ungrouped form.

Measures of Central Tendency

RANGE MEAN MEDIAN MODE

The Range is the In mathematics and The median is the The mode is the value that
difference between the statistics, the mean refers middle value in a set of appears most frequently in
lowest and highest values. to the average of a set of data. a data set.
values.

used to make inferences or predictions about

Inferential Statistics
a population based on a sample of data.
PEARSON'S HYPOTHESIS
T-TEST
CORRELATION TESTING
Independent Pearson's correlation Hypothesis testing
Paired coefficient measures involves making
the strength and inferences about a
direction of the population based
relationship between on a sample.
two variables.