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Zl jk feXe cfj mXcfi j [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX(?li B Xik D ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZ =Xi (,*+2514/11 /20(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(
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Y fdXiZX[fi j ZXi[ XZfj( GXk i Xc j [lZXk mfj [ cX C@== jfYi Xgc ZXZ fe j XeXc k ZXj p Zc e ZXj j c ZZ feX[Xj [
ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[(=c e ZX < fhl d ZX(,*+/5.24,*+ ,*-(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

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0/. 00*(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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,3+0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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jhl d X d fZ i[ ZX e[lZ [X gfi jk dlcXZ e Xli ZlcXi i g [X gifmfZX cX c Y iXZ e [ kifgfe eX N [ k ZkXYc d [ Xek le
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i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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jki~j Zfe [fYlkXd eX e mfclekXi fj jXefj p gXZ ek j Zfe e] id [X[ Xik i Xc ZfifeXi X(=c e =_ d( ,*+,5/24+.3,
+.3.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

-/( B> YcXeZf( JXkfY fcf X [ cXj c mXZ fe j [ kifgfe eX4 xcXj c mXZ fe j fZlii e Zfe cX jhl d X d fZ i[ ZX Xj Zfdf Zfe cX
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,*+,5/24+.2 +/*(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

-1( ? ij EG F e[X_c <( ;gc ZXZ e [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX e e] id [X[ j ZXi[ fmXjZlcXi j [ jk ekXj [ c j e[ifd ZfifeXi f
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=Xi[ fc(,*+-5+*40,- 0-.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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D(,*++5-,4.*. .++(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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ZfifeXi fj X l[fj(;ee Cek ie G [(,**/5 +.,4 120 13+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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kifgfe eX C ZXi[ XZX p Xgfgkfj j ]fZXc [ d fZ kfj e Xlj eZ X [ e]Xikf gXkfc Zf e Z i[fj( D;== <Xj Z NiXejc
MZ (,*+15,4+*/ ++.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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,*+.5++.4+2/, +200(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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B Xik D(,*+-5-.41+3 1,2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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BXcmfij e M B e[i Zbj A EXjkiXk ; F eq e GD Ji jZfkk ? Lf]] G PXc d c G PXi e_fijk = PiXeZbo
J Q [ djb J( ,*+1 Al X ?M= gXiX c kiXkXd ekf [ c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f e gXZ ek j Zfe
c mXZ e [ c j d ekf MN(?li B Xik D(,*+25-34++3 +11(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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A eZ i < BXj e]ljj A Ea c[j e E FXeZ ccfkk J FXe[d jj i O [X G _ cc D Glb_ ia > Mkfi p L@
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j e c mXZ e g ij jk ek [ c j d ekf MN(?li B Xik D(,*+05-14,01 -+/(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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k gf , e ZfdgXiXZ e Zfe cX c j e d fZ i[ ZX ef jhl~d ZX(=fiXq e(,*+15+*-40+0 0,,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(
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/*( <Xife N BXdYiX lj E Mle[jki d D ?ic e > D ieY i N F e[X_c <5 Ailgf [ jkl[ f NIN;F';GC( Ce]Xikf [
d fZXi[ f k gf , e cX gi Zk ZX Zc e ZX(=fiXq e(,*+/5+*+4+*+ +*0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

/+( M_X_ ;M GZ;cc jk i >; G ccj L F EE =_liZ__flj ;G @c d e EG FXp[ e ? ;eXe[ ; @ ij X I Dfj_ HP


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d fZXi[ f(Mfp D G [(,*+/5+,24.3- /*+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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/-( MXe[fmXc S N_p j e E( Ce]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f k gf , p c j e d fZ i[ ZX(=c e =_ d(,*+150-4+*+ +*1( i ] i eZ X


ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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//( FXdYi Z_k M MXib j Xe F MXXYp F Jflcj e NM A ib I BfjYfe[ M > [ i Z_j e ;=J N_p j e E G Zbc p
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,*+25+-+4/.2 //.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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,*+25+-14+,-0 +,./(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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0*( DXe XXi[ H MXib j Xe F MXXYp F G bb cj e M FXjj e ;G GXiZljj e H N_fdj e DF > [ i Z_j e ; N_p j e
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0+( M cmXeXpX Xd D< J k ij e M? @iXeZ j DG LfYjfe G> EXi[fj ; H lYXl i M NX Xik >J( ?] Zkfj [ cX Z il X ZfifeXi X
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d e j [ i jfeXeZ X dX e~k ZX ZXi[ fmXjZlcXi p dXiZX[fi j Y fhl d Zfj(= iZlcXZ e(,**.5+*34-./ -/*(i ] i eZ X
ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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Tli < Q cq ; AilY ? H Zb e A Q ie i H( N_ mXcfi gife jk Zf [ cX c mXZ e [ kifgfe eX X l[X p Zi e ZX [ jgl~j
[ cX dgcXekXZ e kiXejZXk~k i [ m cmlcX X ik ZX(?lifCek im eZ e(,*+05++4+/,, +/,3( i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

10( QXe NEG Mk nXik L;B LXdXeXk_Xe N =_f > AXdYc A Llp ifb JH Q_ k B>( > X e jk Zf [ c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f p
lk c [X[ gife jk ZX [ cX kifgfe eX N [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ kiXj i dgcXqf mXcmlcXi X ik Zf X jcX[f(=c e Ni Xcj L lc MZ
=Xi[ fc(,*+05+04+ /(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(

11( > m i Xlo JD RXm i > Jf l D AlpXkk A M XdXe ; AXilkk C F jc E LXfG cXZ e J =_ifcXm Z lj M SXe B
GXZ[feXc[ = ;m qld ; FXek_ i F Bl Q Sljl] M5 Cem jk X[fi j JICM? "?mXclXZ e CMhl~d ZX J i Ig iXk mX (
=XiXZk i jk ZXj p gife jk Zf X Zfikf gcXqf [ c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f g i fg iXkfi f e gXZ ek j jfd k [fj X Z il X
ef ZXi[ XZX4 le jkl[ f [ Zf_fik (;ee Cek ie G [(,*++5 +/.4 /,- /,2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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e c~j ( ;jfZ XZ e eki cfj e m c j [ kifgfe eX gfjfg iXkfi X p cX dfikXc [X[ X cfj -* [ Xj e gXZ ek j jfd k [fj X
Z il X ef ZXi[ XZX(D;G;(,*+,5-*14,,3/ ,-*.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

13( HX c J <ifne @ AX <@ A Yjfe >Q G cc i DJ DX]] ;M ;ggc @M MZfkk GA( Nifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e
cX gi [ ZZ e p [ X e jk Zf [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f p dfikXc [X[ X cXi f gcXqf [ jgl~j [ Z il X ef ZXi[ XZX(jfp ZfiXqfe
a(,*+-5+004-,/ --,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

2*( Q Y i G FlZ_e i ; GXe]i [ M Gl cc i = F Y kiXl = MZ_c kk ; ;gfjkfcfm Z M DXebfm Z L <Xebfm Z > Dfm Z G
G kifm Z P H ] B GfccdXee B BXdd =Q( PXcfi eZi d ekXc [ kifgfe eX N [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ X[ d j [ c e[ Z
ZXi[ XZf i m jX[f gXiX jkiXk ] ZXZ e [ i j f g i fg iXkfi f e Z il X ef ZXi[ XZX(?li B Xik D( ,*+-5-.42/- 20,(
i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

2+( EXmjXb J; QXcj_ G Mi eXk_Xe M N_ficXZ lj F <lj AF <fkkf @ J kk k M GZKl e GD B cc M; N_fdXj M GibfYiX[X
G ;cfejf'=f ccf J < inXe i I < ZZXi[ <G = dYifnjb A =_Xe GN =_fn =E [ G l c ; AXiZ X G AiX_Xd
GG DXZbX GD El _ DB F M= F k F= GXik e q'<i = HX [ff J HX c J J Xij LG Lf[j k_ LH M jjc i >C
M XdXe ; MqZq bc b Q N Yfe G P ccXi D= QXe =S RXm i > > m i Xlo JD( =feZ ekiXZ fe j [ kifgfe eX N [
XckX j ej Y c [X[ e gXZ ek j jfd k [fj X Z il X ef ZXi[ XZX4 le jkl[ f [ Zf_fik gifjg Zk mf(
=c e ZX < fhl d ZX(,*++5..4+*,+ +*,.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

2,( > m i Xlo JD < ZZXi[ <G M XdXe ; RXm i > =_Xe GNP Mi eXk_Xe ME QXcj_ G ;YiX_Xd P J Xij L
QXe =S M jjc i >C Eliq ; MqZq bc b Q < inXe i I P ccXi D= GXcX X A AXi ;R =_fn =E ;ZbcXe[ A JXk c
; <fi j @E < cc p'=fk ?J >lZ gg ? Mg eZ D NXe[fe P Q cc Xdj = MXgj]fi[ LD JfcXeZqpb =; N Yfe G
;cfejf'=f ccf J @Xilhl ; B cj ';ej[ cc > FXdp ; Q_ kcfZb L F GXeXZ_ S Lfj_Xefm JM GZA cc fe G
EXmjXb J GZKl e GD N_XYXe F Lf[j k_ LH <lj A;F <_Xe[Xi G AXilkk C DXZbX GD MZ_ e dXee BD
=fik j IF =fi Xk J >m ie b H <fkkf @ J kk k M DX]] ;M AlpXkk AB( ;jfZ XZ e [ e m c j gfjkfg iXkfi fj [
kifgfe eX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ Zfe c j e d fZ i[ ZX p dfikXc [X[ X cfj -* [ Xj eki gXZ ek j jfd k [fj X
Z il X ef ZXi[ XZX(D;G;(,*+15-+14+0., +0/+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
2-( Jl cXZ_ i = FliXk <lj A M Y i i > MXq Xip F GXiYfk M FXdgXik ; ?jg efcX D E e[c i = BXdd i i
; M Y i i ? Mki Y c C Q c[ E Nn i eYfc[ L [l @Xp [ FXmXccXq D Mk e i F Alib F <i [k_Xi[k N L ekjZ_ E
<lj i ; AlXcXe[if >G IjjnXc[ M Gl cc i =( J i fg iXk m dpfZXi[ Xc c j fe X]k i efe' Z il X ZXi[ XZX4
eZ [ eZ X dfikXc [X[ p ZXiXZk i qXZ e(= iZlcXZ e(,*+25+-14+,,+ +,-,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

2.( >lmXcc QF M Xcfm < Jle fk = EXkq > Gfi ef J E d G( Cem jk XZ e Xe f i ] ZX [ cX ] j fgXkfcf X
[ c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f g i fg iXkfi f(=Xk~k i =Xi[ fmXjZ Cek im(,*+,52*4102 110(
i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

2/( FXe[ jY i A < Xkk QM Gfjj i G DX]] ;M ;cg ik DM( Ce]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f g i fg iXkfi f(= iZlcXZ e(
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g i fg iXkfi f k gf + m ijlj k gf ,(=Xk~k i =Xi[ fmXjZ Cek im(,*+-52,40,, 0,2(JlYG [(
21( AlXcXe[if >G =Xdgfj =; =Xc[ iXif > Sl J= GXihl j ;= JXjkXeX ;@ F dfj J; =XiXd cc <( LfkliX [ gcXZX
ZfifeXi X e gXZ ek j Zfe e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f [ jgl~j [ Z il X ef ZXi[ XZX4 ]i Zl ek p g c ifjX(
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22( EfZ fc L> JXe JM A_ fi _ X[ G @feXifn A= I =feefi =G @ cb i AG( ?c mXZ e [ kifgfe eX e cX gi mXc eZ X [
ejl] Z eZ X ZXi[ XZX d ZXe jdfj dgc ZXZ fe j Zc e ZXj(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(,*+*5/04+*1+ +*12(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(
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cX k iZ iX [ ] e Z e le m ijXc [ c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f AcfYXc NXjb @fiZ 4M ZZ e [ Cejl] Z eZ X =Xi[ XZX( ?li B Xik D(
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LljZ_ kqbX @ @ c ggXkfj A G YXqXX ; Id ifm Z ?( ?jkX[f XZklXc [ c ZfefZ d ekf jfYi NXbfkjlYf j e[ifd 4 leX
[ ZcXiXZ e [ gfj Z e [ c ilgf [ kiXYXaf jfYi c j e[ifd [ NXbfkjlYf [ cX ;jfZ XZ e [ Cejl] Z eZ X =Xi[ XZX
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3+( N dgc e = A_X[i DL > bdXee D HXgg F= <XkX fjl >L DX ljq njb G =XddXee PF MXiZfe ; A p i P
H ldXee =; M ] ik < B cc idXee D MZ_npq i G ? j e_Xi[k E D e n e D @iXeb D EXklj B; <li [fi]
= MZ_leb ik B Gf cc i = N_ c B <Xl ijXZ_j D NjZ_ g = MZ_lck_ jj BJ FXe p =; LXaXe F G Z_ cj A
J] jk i L Ob eX = < _d G ?iY c L =le f ; ElZb EB DXZfYj_X e = BXj e]ljj A EXiXbXj G Ef e Q
LfkkYXl i Q MX [ MG <iXle'>lccX lj L= =lZlc @ <Xee e ; @ jZ_ i N; PXjXebXi N ; iXbj e e E?
@ aXcbfnjb G Lpeb n Zq ; JXncXb G Igfcjb A >nfiXbfnjb L GXZ=Xik_p J EX j i = IjjnXc[ M AXc lkf F
=i X @ > Z_kc Q @iXeq QG ?dg e E @ c o M< > cdXj = FX i q I ?ie J <Xo DD @fi[ C LljZ_ kqbX @ JiXjX[
; F jZ_ i N@ ( =XiXZk i jk ZXj Zc e ZXj p i jlckX[fj [ cX d fZXi[ fgXk X [ kXbfkjlYf " jki~j ( H ?e c D G [(
,*+/5-1-43,3 3-2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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[ Xjk c ZX e cX d fZXi[ fgXk X [ jki~j(= iZlcXZ e(,*+.5 +,34 +0/3 +001(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

3-( M_Xib p MQ F jj i DL T efm Z_ ;A GXife GM F e[Y i D Ffe N@ GXife <D( G fZXi[ fgXk X X l[X p
i m ij Yc gifmfZX[X gfi jki~j e dla i j [ cfj ?jkX[fj Oe [fj(= iZlcXZ e(,**/5 +++4 .1, .13( i ] i eZ X
ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
3.( L []fij < L dle[[Xc N M_Xf S Id ifm Z ?( NXbfkjlYf gifmfZX[f gfi le e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f4 xle
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3/( ; nXcc M < ckiXd D@ L pefc[j BL H jje i ; LfjXef A =X]fi f ;F > =Xk i eX L T dXi ef G Lf]] G Ea c[j e
E ;kXi > EXjb D= M Z_k d O NfiemXcc J5 Ailgf [ NiXYXaf [ @XidXZfk iXg X =Xi[ fmXjZlcXi( >fZld ekf [
gfj Z e [ c ilgf [ kiXYXaf [ cX ?M= jfYi c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f Zfe Xik i Xj ZfifeXi Xj ef fYjkilZk mXj(?li
B Xik D(,*+15-24+.- +/-(JlYG [(

30( F e[X_c < <Xife N ?ic e > BX[q fjdXefm Z H Hfi[ ejba c[ ;G AXi[ ; D ieY i N( N iXg X d~[ ZX gXiX cX
gi m eZ e j Zle[Xi X p c i jlckX[f X cXi f gcXqf e gXZ ek j Zfe e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f Zfe Xik i fgXk X ZfifeXi X
ef fYjkilZk mX(= iZlcXZ e(,*+15+-/4+.2+ +.23(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

31( JXjlgXk X M ; i N >i p i LJ NXm ccX L < ckiXd D@( L m j e j jk d k ZX [ gXZ ek j Zfe jfjg Z_X [
e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f p Xik i Xj ZfifeXi Xj ef fYjkilZk mXj(= iZlcXZ e(,*+/5+-+420+ 21*( i ] i eZ X
ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
32( Md cfn kq HL GX_XaXe ;G Lf GN B ccbXdg ;M =_ jn cc E AlcXk G L pefc[j BL( GfikXc [X[ gfi e]Xikf [
d fZXi[ f j e j of [X[ p jkX[f [ e] id [X[ ZfifeXi X fYjkilZk mX e c L jkif ;=NCIH'AQNA
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L jlckX[fj ZlXc kXk mfj = iZ =Xi[ fmXjZ(,*+15+*4 **-..-(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

33( DXZfYj FB mXe [ E ib_f] D G e cj ;G Ec ae e PQ mXe [ i MXe[ @G Qf[q QE EffdXe DJ mXe > a e'P jj i GJ(
JXZ ek j e _ df[ c j j mXclX[fj cfe kl[ eXcd ek d [ Xek ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ p
kifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX Zfd iZ Xc p kifgfe eX C ZXi[ XZX(;ee =c e < fhl d ZX(,**35.04,2- ,3*( i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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i eXc Zi e ZX Zfe d Z e ZX ZXi[ XZX XefidXc p i jlckX[fj X[m ijfj e gXZ ek j Zfe ejl] Z eZ X ZXi[ XZX p ]iXZZ e [
p ZZ e Zfej imX[X(?li D B Xik @X c(,*+05+24+*- ++,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+*+( Nn i eYfc[ L Q c[ E DX i = A d e q GL L k i G L Z_c e N QXclb n Zq ; Al XcX G Ei mfj_ F GXik H


Gfi ef Q [dXee T B cc e i J Jl cXZ_ i = L ekjZ_ E Bfe i O MZ_ldXZ_ i = TliYi e @ @i j G
Mk cq = =Xdgf[Xim C <Xjj kk M IjjnXc[ M Gl cc i =( H m c j [ Zfik gk dfj [ ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX
ZXi[ XZX d j j ej Yc j gXiX c [ X e jk Zf k dgiXef [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f e gXZ ek j Zfe [ j]leZ e i eXc(
= iZlcXZ e(,*+/5+-+4,*.+ ,*/*(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+*,( [ @ c gg = M c i MF E cc p Q >l_ MB B j G =_i jk ejfe LB Qfc] G AX e B DXelqq D( Cek igi kXZ e [ cfj
i jlckX[fj [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ ejXpfj [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e e] id [X[ i eXc Zi e ZX j e j e[ifd ZfifeXi f
X l[f(=c e =_ d(,*+,5/24+-., +-/+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+*-( G Z_fj ?> Q cjfe FG S _ B= < i i T MlXi q'=l imf = MkXZp ML <Xjj ?<( PXcfi gife jk Zf [ cX kifgfe eX
ZXi[ XZX e gXZ ek j Zfe e] id [X[ i eXc Zi e ZX j e jfjg Z_X [ j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f4 i m j e
j jk d k ZX p d kXe c j j(;ee Cek ie G [(,*+.5+0+4.3+ /*+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+*.( JXi b_ LB M c i MF [ @ c gg =L( Ojf ek igi kXZ e [ kifgfe eXj ZXi[ XZXj [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e gXZ ek j Zfe
e] id [X[ i eXc Zi e ZX Zfe p j e e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f(=c e ZX < fhl d ZX(,*+/5.24,.1 ,/-( i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(
JlYG [(

+*/( @i [ e P MkXieY i E Gljc dfm Z ; L Zbjk e M? <alidXe = @fij Xi[ H Q ZbdXe ; BXddXijk e I(
F hl [XZ e [ kifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX Zfe p j e ]leZ e i eXc(=c e ZX < fhl d ZX(,*+15/*4.02 .1.( i ] i eZ X
ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
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e] id [X[ i eXc Zi e ZX p jfjg Z_X [ j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f4 leX i m j e j jk d k ZX(;ee Cek ie G [(
,*+.5+0+4/*, /+,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

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jkX[f Zi k Zf4 leX Zfdgc ZXZ e jfigi e[ ek d ek ]i Zl ek (D;G;(+33/5 ,1-4 +3./ +3.3(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

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e[ g e[ ek gXiX cX dfikXc [X[ X Zfikf p cXi f gcXqf e gXZ ek j [ cX le [X[ [ Zl [X[fj ek ej mfj d~[ Zfj(=i k =Xi G [(
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gcXqf [ gXZ ek j [ cX le [X[ [ Zl [X[fj ek ej mfj Zi k Zfj Zfe e] id [X[ j [ Xckf i j f ZXi[ XZf(=i k =Xi G [( ,**/5--4+,2+
+,21(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

++*( N_p j e E ;cg ik DM DX]] ;M Q_ k B>( ;gc ZXZ e [ X e jk ZX [ cX [ ] e Z e le m ijXc [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f e cX
le [X[ [ Zl [X[fj ek ej mfj(=lii Ig e =i k =Xi (,**25+.4/.- /.2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+++( PXke i M@ <X B GXe[ ij QN GXifbf JL( Ffj ] Zkfj [ cX i g i]lj e [ cX Xik i X ZfifeXi X jfYi c kXdX f [ c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f
ZXcZlcX[fj X gXik i [ cX Zi Xk eX hl eXjX(D =c e Cem jk(+31250+4+*.2 +*/0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
++,( MkXieY i E D ggjjfe ; F e[X_c < BXddXijk e I( L m j e [ c d ZXe jdf [ c Y iXZ e [ kifgfe eX N [ c
d fZXi[ f _ldXef [X X[f(=c e =_ d(,*+.50*4+*32 ++*.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

++-( DX]] ;M Gf Zb c G A Xee kj j ? BlY i E GX i D Gl cc i = Jc YXe G N_p j e E F e[X_c <( ?e YljZX [ c MXekf
Ai Xc4 jl i eZ Xj [ jkl[ fj gXiX [ ] e i cfj ZXdY fj [ ckX gXiX [ X efjk ZXi f oZcl i c e]Xikf X l[f [
d fZXi[ f 4 [fZld ekf [ gfj Z e [ c ilgf [ jkl[ f jfYi Y fdXiZX[fi j [ cX ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZlcXi =Xi
;jjfZ Xk fe(?li B Xik D ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZ =Xi (,*+.5-4-+- -+0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
++.( L Z_c e N Ci]Xe ; Nn i eYfc[ L L k i G BfZ__fcq i Q <lib_Xck i B <Xjj kk M Mk l i M Q ebc i E J k i
@ G jje i D BXX] J JfkfZb G >i oc i < IjjnXc[ M Gl cc i =( Ok c [X[ [ cfj ZXdY fj XYjfclkfj p i cXk mfj e cXj
ZfeZ ekiXZ fe j [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX e c [ X e jk Zf gi Zfq [ c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f(= iZlcXZ e( ,*++5 +,.4
+-0 +./(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

++/( Gl cc i G < e i G PX]X G >f ii M E cc i N <cXeb eY i M EXklj B; A Xee kj j ?( =XdY fj Z e~k Zfj XYjfclkfj p
i cXk mfj [ cX kifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e c j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f p e gXZ ek j Zfe Xld ekf [ cX
kifgfe eX e c Xlj eZ X [ j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f(=c e =_ d(,*+,5/24,*3 ,+2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

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XckXd ek j ej Yc p [ X e jk Zf k dgiXef [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f(D;G;(,*++5-*04,02. ,03-( i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(
JlYG [(

++1( DX]] ;M ;ggc @M Gfiifn >; F e[X_c < EXklj B;( M i iXZ feXc XZ iZX [ cX " d gi Z j e4 leX [ ZcXiXZ e [ c MlYZfd k~
[ < fhl d ZX [ cX MfZ [X[ ?lifg X =fealekX [ =Xi[ fcf X)@le[XZ e [ c =fc f ;d i ZXef [ =Xi[ fcf X)
;jfZ XZ e ?jkX[fle [ ej [ c =fiXq e)@ [ iXZ e Gle[ Xc [ c =fiXq e Ailgf [ kiXYXaf gXiX cX [ ] e Z e [ e]Xikf [
d fZXi[ f(=c e =_ d(,*+*5/043.+ 3.-(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

++2( MXe[fmXc S ;ggc @M( FX e Z j [X[ cfYXc [ [ ] e i cX efidXc [X[4 c mXcfi [ c g iZ ek c 33 [ cX kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX(=c e =_ d(
,*+-50*4.// .0,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

++3( ;ggc @M MXe[fmXc S DX]] ;M Ii[f q'FcXefj D5 Ailgf [ kiXYXaf [ cX C@== jfYi Xgc ZXZ fe j Zc e ZXj [ Y fdXiZX[fi j
ZXi[ XZfj( ?ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX4 l X gXiX Zfdgi e[ i cXj ZXiXZk i jk ZXj XeXc k ZXj p jl dgXZkf e cX Xk eZ e
Zc e ZX(=c e =_ d(,*+150-41- 2+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,*( A Xee kj j ? Eliq E BXcc idXp i E DXiXljZ_ D DX]] ;M EXklj B;( PXc [XZ e XeXc k ZX [ le ejXpf [ kifgfe eX N
ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[(=c e =_ d(,*+*5/04,/. ,0+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,+( @iXeb ejk e F Ql ;B< BXcc idXp i E Q Xej @B A Xee kj j ? EXklj B;( PXi XZ e Y fc ZX p mXcfi [ ZXdY f [
i ] i eZ X [ cX kifgfe eX N [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e e[ m [lfj jXefj [liXek g i f[fj [ j l d ekf Zfikfj
ek id [ fj(=c e =_ d(,*++5/14+*02 +*1+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,,( ;ggc @M F i L GliXbXd GG( > k id eXZ e [ +3 mXcfi j [ c g iZ ek c 33 [ c ejXpf [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX C p N [ leX
gfYcXZ e Zfd e gi jld Yc d ek jXeX(=c e =_ d(,*+,5/24+/1. +/2+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,-( Ql ;B< =_i jk ejfe LB Ai e >H DX]] ;M EXmjXb J; Ii[fe q'FcXefj D ;ggc @M( L Zfd e[XZ fe j [ gi Zk ZX
[ cXYfiXkfi f Zc e Zf gXiX c ljf [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX e c j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f4 fg e e [ og ikfj [ cX
;ZX[ d X [ cX ;jfZ XZ e ?jkX[fle [ ej [ Kl d ZX =c e ZX p c Ailgf [ kiXYXaf jfYi Xgc ZXZ fe j Zc e ZXj [
Y fdXiZX[fi j ZXi[ XZfj [ cX @ [ iXZ e Cek ieXZ feXc [ Kl d ZX =c e ZX p G [ Z eX [ FXYfiXkfi f(=c e =_ d(
,*+250.40./ 0//(JlYG [(

+,.( =fcc ejfe JI B le SG AXq > <fX @ M e fi L =_i jk ejfe L ;ggc @M( Ce]cl eZ X [ cX j c ZZ e [ cX gfYcXZ e e c mXcfi [
i ] i eZ X [ c g iZ ek c 33 gXiX cfj ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX(=c e =_ d(,*+,5/24,+3 ,,/(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

+,/( GZE JG B lYc e >G MZfkk =A AXekq i GF G _kX L; Lf[ _ ]] i LD L [] c[ GG <lie kk D= DX]] ;M( > ] e Z e
[ ZfeZ ekiXZ fe j [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e cX Zfdle [X[(=c e =_ d(,*+-5/34+*33
++*1(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,0( Ic m i @ AXc Xqq L A XmXi eX > N jkX L ;YYXk ZfcX ;G = bX ; NXdYlii e J <ljZf @ FXqqXi e L Gfek
> @iXeZ jZ_ = JifZfg f ;> ;ekfe Z cc L( ;ld ekf [ cX kifgfe eX N [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ i cXZ feX[f Zfe cX [X[ p jl dgc ZXZ e e c

[ X e jk Zf [ e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f e gXZ ek j [ [X[ XmXeqX[X(> jXiifccf [ em a Z d ekf d Z e Zf,*+,5+--4-** -*/(i ] i eZ X

ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,1( L k i G Nn i eYfc[ L L Z_c e N BXX] J J k i @ G jje i D BfZ__fcq i Q Mk cq = @i j G B e jZ_


= <i [k_Xi[k N @i [Xeb B Q ebc i E =Xdgf[Xim C A X D Gl cc i =( > X e jk Zf k dgiXef [ c e]Xikf X l[f [
d fZXi[ f e XeZ Xefj d [ Xek ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX d j j ej Yc j(?li B Xik D(,*++5-,4+-13 +-23( i ] i eZ X
ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,2( M_X_ ;M Ai ]] k_j G F EE GZ;cc jk i >; Blek i ;F @ iip ;P =il bj_Xeb ; L [ ; Mkf[[Xik G MkiXZ_Xe
@ QXcb i M =fcc ejfe JI ;ggc @M AiXp ;D @fo E; H nYp >? G ccj HF( Nifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ p c
e]iX[ X e jk Zf [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f e dla i j4 jkl[ f [ Zf_fik gifjg Zk mf(<GD( ,*+/5-/*4 121-(
i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+,3( ? ij EG Df_ejkfe H DXd j M F e[X_c < P e J( H m c j [ kifgfe eX C ZXi[ XZX e gXZ ek j Zfe j e[ifd ZfifeXi f
X l[f j e c mXZ e [ c j d ekf MN4 cX dgfikXeZ X [ c ~e if(jfp ZfiXqfe a(,*+.5+024-+1( + -,.( +( i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X
(

+-*( <Xcd cc = G le = Nn i eYfc[ L L Z_c e N L [ i M >i oc i < LlY e GA Gfj dXee N L k i G BXX] J Gl cc i
G ?iejk M <XccXi ef J ;cX] ]p ;; T ccn i = Q c[ E Gf _i e < P cXgcXeX = < ie_Xi[ > G ib M ?Yd p i M
@i [Xeb B IjjnXc[ M Gl cc i =( =fdgXiXZ e [ c i e[ d ekf [ cXj kifgfe eXj ZXi[ XZXj eZcl [fj cfj ejXpfj
j ej Yc j p cX Zfg gk eX e c [ X e jk Zf [ c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f p c gife jk Zf X cXi f gcXqf eki
dla i j p _fdYi j(jfp ZfiXqfe a(,*+-5 +004 -* -1(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-+( <alidXe = FXijjfe G Df_Xejfe J J kqfc[ G F e[X_c < @l GF BXddXijk e I( Ffj g hl fj ZXdY fj e cfj e m c j [ kifgfe eX
N jfe Zfdle j e gXZ ek j Zfe e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f j e c mXZ e [ c j d ekf MN p jk e i cXZ feX[fj Zfe leX dXpfi
dfikXc [X[(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(,*+-50,4+,-+ +,-2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-,( > MflqX G MXib j Xe F MXXYp F Jflcj e NM A ib I FXij e N< > [ i Z_j e ;=J DXe XXi[ H > [ i Z_j e MT
BfjYfe[ M Bfm D N_p j e E G Zbc p B( ?c [ X e jk Zf [ Xe eX [ g Z_f e jkXYc _X [ jd el [f
dXiZX[Xd ek Zfe c X[m e d ekf [ ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX d j j ej Yc j(Mfp D G [(,*+/5+,242/, 20*(
i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+--( L Z_c e N Nn i eYfc[ L L k i G Mk l i M <Xjj kk M <Xcd cc = Q ebc i E Eliq M Mk cq = @i j G >i oc i < BXX] J
T ccn i = IjjnXc[ M Gl cc i =( Cekif[lZZ e [ XckX ' ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX [ j ej Y c [X[4 dgXZkf e cX eZ [ eZ X p
c gife jk Zf [ c e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f(Mfp D G [(,*+,5+,/4+,*/ +,+-(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-.( MXe[fmXc S ;ggc @M Md k_ MQ( ?ejXpfj [ kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ p Xe eX e jkXYc (?li B Xik D ;Zlk
=Xi[ fmXjZ =Xi (,*+2514+,* +,2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-/( GX XeX >;( Al X [ c d~[ Zf gXiX jkiXk Xj [ [ jZXik k dgiXef Zfe kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[(= iZlcXZ e(
,*+15+-/4+0+, +0+0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-0( Nn i eYfc[ L <f [[ e _Xlj D H jk cY i i N Q c[ E LlY e A d e q G <X[ ikjZ_ i J Gl cc i =( Ojf Zc e Zf [


kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e gXZ ek j Zfe jfjg Z_X [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc( ,*+151*4330
+*+,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-1( =lcc e F Gl cc i = JXijfeX Q; Q c[ E Ai ejcX[ DB Nn i eYfc[ L ;c[flj M G cc i < NXk DL L Z_c e N


BXdd kk =D T ccn i = Oe i i DJD LlY e A d e q G Nifl _kfe L GliiXp E <ifne ;@N Gl cc i G
A fi J Gfj dXee N @cXnj >@ L k i G FXdXeeX ; BXX] J J dY ikfe =D L Z_Xi[j ;G =_l
E L [ =G J XZfZb Q@ DX]] ;M @cfibfnjb = > cp DG N_Xe G( PXc [XZ e [ cX kifgfe eX C [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e leX
jkiXk X [ [ X e jk Zf [ , _fiXj gXiX mXclXi cfj i jlckX[fj X cfj -* [ Xj e gXZ ek j [ c [ gXikXd ekf [ d i eZ Xj
Zfe gfj Yc j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(,*+-50,4+,., +,.3(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
+-2( J Zb i e DQ N_Xe GJ =lcc e F ;c[flj M N i ;m jk ? <f[p L =Xickfe ?Q =fcc ejfe J >lglp ;G ?b cle[
O ? ij EG @cfibfnjb =G @i le[ S A fi J Aff[XZi M Ai ejcX[ DB DX]] ;M Ffi[ MD Gfb_kXi
; Gl cc i = Gleif ; GljkXg_X M JXijfeX Q J XZfZb Q@ J dY ikfe = L Z_Xi[j ;G MXeZ_ j D MkXlY FJ
Nifl _kfe L Nn i eYfc[ L Q c[ E Sfle D( ?c d eXZ e i g [X [ c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f Zfe le jfcf
G [ Z e [ kifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ gfi [ YXaf [ c c d k [ [ k ZZ e4 le d kXe c j j
ZfcXYfiXk mf(;ee Cek ie G [(,*+15+0041+/ 1,.(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+-3( Gl cc i = A Xee kj j ? G Zb c G BlY i E GX i D Jc YXe G N_p j e E DX]] ;M F e[X_c <5 Ailgf [ ?jkl[ f [
< fdXiZX[fi j [ cX ?M= ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZlcXi =Xi ;jjfZ Xk fe( > jZXik i g [f [ c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f4 el mXj
jkiXk Xj YXjX[Xj e Y fdXiZX[fi j(?li B Xik D ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZ =Xi (,*+1504,+2 ,,,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

+.*( <f [[ e _Xlj D H jk cY i i N Nn i eYfc[ L Q c[ E <X[ ikjZ_ i J =lgX D <li N GXZ_c i J =fiY i
M Ai dd E LlY e A d e q G Jl cXZ_ i = M_i jk_X M @cfi j Q [d i > @l_idXee D B cc e i J MXYk T Bfe iO
MZ_X ic H Efq_l_Xifm H L ekjZ_ E G if I Ffg q <XiY kf < GXik eMXeZ_ q @D Lf[i l q';[iX[X ? GfiXn Z <
EXn Zb > AXefmjbX ? JXi e ZX D Ff_idXee D Ecffj Q <lj i ; A p H E cc i >C IjjnXc[ M L Z_c e N Glcc i =(
=fdgXiXZ e [ i ZkX [ . [ jZXik j dlp k dgiXefj jkiXk Xj gXiX c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f lk c qXe[f kifgfe eX
ZXi[ XZX C [ XckX j ej Y c [X[(= iZlcXZ e(,*+15+-/4+/31 +0++(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+.+( G Zb c G A Xee kj j ? Gl cc i = BlY i E DX]] ;M GX i D Jc YXe G N_p j e E F e[X_c <5 Ailgf [ ?jkl[ f [
< fdXiZX[fi j [ cX MfZ [X[ ?lifg X [ =Xi[ fcf X ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZlcXi =Xi ;jjfZ Xk fe( L lcXZ e [ c e]Xikf
X l[f [ d fZXi[ f4 e]fhl e cX kifgfe eX(?li B Xik D ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZ =Xi (,*+1504,+, ,+1(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(
JlYG [(

+.,( DX]] ;M Q_ k B( > k id eXZ e [ c j e [ d fZXi[ f p oZclj e [ e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f Zfe c Xc fi kdf [ + _fiX [
cX MfZ [X[ ?lifg X [ =Xi[ fcf X "?M= (= iZlcXZ e(,*+05+-.4+/., +/./(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+.-( MXe[fmXc S B iqf =; Ffm M; =Xf D Bl S Ql ;B< A cY ikjfe > <ile cc MG Sfle ; F i L ;ggc @M( PXcfi gife jk Zf
[ cfj ZXdY fj j i X[fj e cX kifgfe eX ZXi[ XZX C p N [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ [liXek - d j j lk c qXe[f mXcfi j [ ZXdY f
[ i ] i eZ X e gXZ ek j e _ df[ c j j(=c e =_ d(,*+050,40-+ 0-2(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+..( > @ c gg =@ B iqf =;( Cek igi kXZ e [ Y fdXiZX[fi j ZXi[ XZfj e c Zfek okf [ cX e] id [X[ i eXc Zi e ZX(=c e =_ d( ,*+150-4/3
0/(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+./( H cXe[ CD >iXqe i GB < iip D> ;p ij =L [ @ c gg = M c i MF HXdY P GZAl i >E IdcXe[ N [ F dfj D;( Ffj
Y fdXiZX[fi j [ c j e ZXi[ XZX Zi e ZX p jki~j _ df[ e d Zf [ ek ] ZXe le ] efk gf dXc ef [ _ g ikif] X
m eki ZlcXi qhl i[X e cX gfYcXZ e e iXc(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(,*+-50+4+21 +3/(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

+.0( < e i G Gl cc i G PX]X G DX]] ;M Q [ iX = EXklj B; A Xee kj j ?( L e[ d ekf [ X e jk Zf [ cfj ZXdY fj Z e~k Zfj
XjZ e[ ek j [ jZ e[ ek j f XjZ e[ ek j p [ jZ e[ ek j [ cX kifgfe eX N ZXi[ XZX [ XckX j ej Y c [X[ e leX gfYcXZ e ef
j c ZZ feX[X [ c [ gXikXd ekf [ d i eZ Xj(?li B Xik D ;Zlk =Xi[ fmXjZ =Xi (,*+-5,4-+. -,,(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+.1( ;djk i[Xd ?; Q e i HE <i e[ j LA =Xj p >? AXe Xkj NA Bfcd j >L DX]] ;M De [ B E ccp L@ Efekfj G=
F m e AH F Yjfe JL Glb_ ia > J k ijfe ?> MXYXk e GM MdXcc e LQ T dXe MD( Al X ;B;);== [ ,*+.
gXiX c kiXkXd ekf [ gXZ ek j Zfe j e[ifd j ZfifeXi fj X l[fj j e c mXZ e [ c j d ekf MN( = iZlcXZ e(
,*+.5+-*4 -.. .,0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
+.2( <X X ; Dfcc j DA >Xl idXe BF J e M; Lfbfj C= <Xk j ?L @i eZ_ QD AiXe i =< Lf GN( <pgXjj [ c [ gXikXd ekf [
d i eZ Xj gXiX gXZ ek j Zfe e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f Zfe c mXZ e [ c j d ekf MN [ ek ] ZX[fj Zfe le c ZkifZXi[ f iXdX
gi _fjg kXcXi f(= iZlcXZ e(,*+-5+,24-/, -/3(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+.3( MZ i ZX <G Gfiifn >; <l[Xa ; >XcYp ;D Gf_XeXm cl M K e D ;if jkp D B [ g k_ =G Mkfe JB <iXlenXc[ ?(
CjZ_ d X [ k ZkX[X e c ZkifZXi[ f iX] X Zfek elX [ jgl~j [ c j e[ifd ZfifeXi f X l[f(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(
,**35/-4+.++ +.,+(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(
+/*( QXe E ;j e i LQ GXii fkk BD( ?c mXZ e [ c j d ekf MN e Zfe[ Z fe j [ jk ekXj Xc e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f(
H ?e c D G [(,**-5-.34,+,2 ,+-/(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/+( [ Q ek i LD P ifl[ e HDQ Q cc ej BDD Q c[ ;;G( Oe el mf j ef ?=A [ fZclj e [ cX >; gifo dXc(H ?e c D G [(
,**25-/34,*1+ ,*1-(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/,( [ Q ek i LQ ;[Xdj L P ifl[ e HDQ [ Q ek i LD( > jZ ejf [ c j d ekf MN [ cX le e gi Zfi[ Xc Zfe fe[Xj N
j d~ki ZXj XckXj hl j e ] ZXe fZclj e gifo dXc [ cX F;> e]fid j [ ZXjfj [ hl mXc eZ X MN?GC(D ?c ZkifZXi[ fc(
,*+05.3410 2*(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/-( [ TnXXe = < i @QBG Q cc ej BDD( JXki e c ZkifZXi[ f i ] Zf ZXiXZk i jk Zf hl e[ ZX leX jk efj j Zi k ZX XckX
e cX Xik i X ZfifeXi X [ jZ e[ ek Xek i fi qhl i[X e gXZ ek j e i jX[fj gfi e]Xikf [ d fZXi[ f
ed e ek (jfp ZfiXqfe a(+32,5 +*-41-* 1-0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/.( Qfe =E AXf Q Mk nXik L; < eXkXi D @i eZ_ DE ;pcnXi[ J? Q_ k B>5 Cem jk X[fi j B?LI',( XPL ?c mXZ e [ c MN4 le
j ef dgfikXek g if [ jZl [X[f e c e]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f Zfe c mXZ e [ c MN(?li B Xik D( ,*+*5-+4+2./ +2/-(
i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+//( GXk kqbp M @i dXib > @ eY i GM Hfm bfm C LXk_ M LXY efn kq < EXgc ejbp ? Bf[ B( Ce]Xikf X l[f [ d fZXi[ f Zfe
c mXZ e X jcX[X [ c j d ekf MN e [ i mXZ fe j kfi Z ZXj gfjk i fi j P1'34 c mXZ fe j [ c j d ekf MN fZlckXj hl
i m cXe le e]Xikf X l[f gfjk i fi(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(+3335-.41.2 1/-(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/0( Qfe =E <cXeZf B>( Ffj gXZ ek j Zfe fZclj fe j Z iZle]c aXj g i[ e cX i g i]lj e4 Z df i ZfefZ icXj p
dXe aXicXj(=lii Ig e =Xi[ fc(,*+,5,14-,1 --*(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/1( F g q'M e[fe D =fdX'=Xe ccX C ;cZXj eX M M fXe D AXdXccf =( BXccXq fj c ZkifZXi[ f i ] Zfj e c e]Xikf X l[f [ c
m eki Zlcf [ i Z_f4 j ej Y c [X[ p jg Z ] Z [X[ [ cXj Xck iXZ fe j c ZkifZXi[ f i ] ZXj e cXj [ i mXZ fe j gi Zfi[ Xc j
[ i Z_Xj P.L P-L P+ P,p P-(D ;d =fcc =Xi[ fc(+32/504+,1- +,13(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+/2( > cl == Ie J B cc M QX e i ; E jg ik ? Ec e c E EXe[fc] L M Z_k d O GX_i_fc[k B( BXccXq fj [ c ?=A e ZfdgXiXZ e Zfe


cX i jfeXeZ X dX e~k ZX ZXi[ fmXjZlcXi e cX d fZXi[ k j m iXc(CekD =Xi[ fc(,*+-5 +0/4 +** +*0(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X( JlYG [(

+/3( < X e ? JXqq = Ic mfkkf C Gljld Z < F dfe cc A <fi Xe A JXZ c f A GXjkifdXi ef P L Xe GF<
Ffi eq e G FX @ < iXi[ e ; G e Xi[ @ Lfjd e M L jZ e k ? <fi _ = ;lkfi = = ZZ_ @ LXg qq =( Ok c [X[ [
cfj gXkife j c ZkifZXi[ f i ] Zfj e cX gi j ekXZ e gXiX gi [ Z i c i j f X cXi f gcXqf [ dl ik ZXi[ XZX e
gXZ ek j Zfe d fZXi[ fgXk X _ g iki ] ZX(Mfp D =Xi[ fc(,*+05++24.-, .-3(i ] i eZ X ZilqX[X(JlYG [(

+0*( Al iiX @ LiXgXa ? Jfe kk A @XYYi q fc ; J c qqfe P A Xee e C ;jZ_ i > =fjkXek e = =XglZZ ;( > ] i eZ Xj p
j d c kl[ j [ cfj gXkife j [ i gfcXi qXZ e [liXek cX _fjg kXc qXZ e gfi d fZXi[ fgXk X [ kXbfkjlYf p
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